This study analyzes the effectiveness of the Integrative Intervention Group Counseling Program on... more This study analyzes the effectiveness of the Integrative Intervention Group Counseling Program on shyness. The study was conducted with adolescents of ages 14 to 16 in high school. It was conducted by using the embedded mixed method in which both qualitative and quantitative techniques are employed together, and the intervention program is composed of 11 sessions each of which lasted 90 minutes. The Shyness Scale was used to measure the effectiveness of the program, and the program was also evaluated qualitatively. The analysis of the data was carried out by performing the Repeated Measure of Variance Analysis and the Mann Whitney U Test. According to the findings, adolescents not only overcame shyness, but also achieved positive changes in self-perception and actively engaging in life. According to the results, the program developed for intervening with shyness in adolescents was found to be effective.
In literature, positive features of teachers have been investigated under many dimensions. Positi... more In literature, positive features of teachers have been investigated under many dimensions. Positive teacher studies focus more on positive teacher-student relationships. Although there are measurement tools that measure positive student-teacher relationships in the literature, there are no tools of measuring the positive teacher characteristics in a comprehensive way. The aim of this study is to develop a scale that measure positive teacher qualities. Parallel with the aim of the present study, a cross sectional research design was used. In this study, scale development process was followed. Item preparations, item analysis, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, reliability and validity analysis have been considered in this study. The data were collected form university students (203 individuals in exploratory analysis group; 209 individuals in confirmatory analysis group). According to factor analysis results, the scale which is consist of six dimensions which are named suc...
Journal of Education and Training Studies, Apr 23, 2018
Subjective well-being is a sign of positive mental health of children. The aim of the present stu... more Subjective well-being is a sign of positive mental health of children. The aim of the present study is to develop subjective well-being increasing strategies scale for children whose mothers' uses are varied 1 to 5. In this study, there were 195 mothers whose mean ages were 31, 49 and standard deviation were 4,71. Satisfaction with life, positive and negative affect scales were used. Moreover, item analysis, exploratory factor analysis, reliability and validity analysis were used. According to results, the scale has 66,03 % explained variance and four dimensions which were named as acting physical contact, playing game, satisfaction of desires and take out. The reliability and validity of the scale have enough values. The scale is valid and reliable. In future, some researches might carry out with this scale in order to increase children's' physical and mental health.
International Online Journal of Educational Sciences
The aim of this study is to investigate the pre-service teachers' career adaptability wit... more The aim of this study is to investigate the pre-service teachers' career adaptability with career decision making self-efficacy and career barriers. The study group of this study constitutes a total of 220 pre-service teachers who are studying at a public university in Turkey. The data were collected with Career Adaptability Scale, Career Decision Making Self-Efficacy Scale and Perceived Career Barriers Scale. A multiple regression analysis technique was used to analysis of the data. When the findings of this study are examined, there is a significant relationship between career decision making self-efficacy and career barriers with career adaptability. [R = .54, R2 = .29, F = 46.084 p <.01]. Career decision making self-efficacy and carrier barriers explain about 29% of the total assumption of career adaptability. According to the results of the research, pre-service teachers' career adaptabilities is increased parallel with increasing pre-service teachers' career decision making self-efficacy. On the other hand, pre-service teachers' career adaptabilities is decreased parallel with increasing pre-service teachers' career barriers
Bu araştırmada, Bireyle Psikolojik Danışma Uygulamaları adlı dersin kapsamında uygulanan süperviz... more Bu araştırmada, Bireyle Psikolojik Danışma Uygulamaları adlı dersin kapsamında uygulanan süpervizyon modeline dair psikolojik danışman adaylarının görüşlerinin incelenmesi amaç edinilmiştir. Gelişimsel Kapsamlı Süpervizyon Modeli üç evre (temeli sağlamlaştırma, gelişim, değerlendirme) ve altı aşamadan (hazırbulunuşluk, bilgilendirme, müdahale, intervizyon, gelişimin değerlendirilmesi, modelin değerlendirilmesi) oluşmaktadır. Bu modele dair psikolojik danışman adaylarının görüşlerini belirleyebilmek için görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Geliştirilen süpervizyon modeline dair psikolojik danışman adaylarının görüşlerine göre; psikolojik danışman adaylarının gelişim aşamasından sonra psikolojik danışma sürecine ilişkin farkındalıkları artmış; adaylar müdahale aşamasından sonra farklı müdahale becerileri öğrenmiş, danışan sorunlarına ilişkin daha derin bir anlayış kazanmış; intervizyon aşamasından sonra psikolojik danışmaya ilişkin bilgi ve becerilerini grup arkadaşlarından ve onların geribildirimlerinden kazanmış ve genel olarak tüm aşamalardan sonra kişisel ve mesleki gelişimleri desteklenmiştir.
Bu çalışmanın amacı, öğretmenlerin bakış açılarından "Pozitif Öğretmen Ölçeğinin" geliştirilmesid... more Bu çalışmanın amacı, öğretmenlerin bakış açılarından "Pozitif Öğretmen Ölçeğinin" geliştirilmesidir. Çalışmada kesitsel araştırma deseni kullanılmıştır. Çalışma farklı öğretim kademelerinde en az beş yıllık görev yapan toplam 448 öğretmen üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada ölçek geliştirme aşamaları takip edilmiştir. Bu doğrultuda çalışmada: Maddelerin ve ölçek deneme formunun hazırlanması, açımlayıcı faktör analizi, doğrulayıcı faktör analizi, güvenirlik analizi ve geçerlik analizi çalışmaları gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma bulgularına göre, 21 maddelik ve beş boyutlu bir ölçeğe ulaşılmıştır. Ölçeğin birinci boyutuna " dışa dönük kişilik özelliğine sahip olmak", ikinci boyutuna "Konuyu somutlaştırmak", üçüncü boyutuna "Öğrenci ile pozitif ilişki kurmak", dördüncü boyutuna "Öğrenciyi derse katmak" ve beşinci boyutuna "Derste akış yaşatmak" adlandırılmıştır. Ölçeğin toplam varyansın % 63.230 açıkladığı belirlenmiştir. Ölçeğin tamamının güvenirlik değeri 0.89 olarak bulunmuştur. Ölçeğin açımlayıcı faktör analizi ile ortaya konan yapısı doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ile de doğrulanmıştır (RMSEA = 0.067). Ölçeğin Pozitif Duygular ile korelasyonu 0.45; p<0.01 şeklinde bulunmuştur. Pozitif Öğretmen Ölçeği Öğretmen Formunun güvenilir ve geçerli olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.
Öz. Bu araştırmanın amacı, olumlu beden imajını, beliren yetişkinlerin algılarına dayalı olarak d... more Öz. Bu araştırmanın amacı, olumlu beden imajını, beliren yetişkinlerin algılarına dayalı olarak derinlemesine incelemektir. Bu araştırmada beliren yetişkinlerinin olumlu beden imajı kavramını nasıl anlamlandırdıkları ve deneyimledikleri olumlu beden imajının neler olduğunu tanımlamak amaçlandığı için araştırma betimleyici fenomenolojik deseninde yürütülmüştür. Araştırmaya eğitim fakültesinin çeşitli branşlarında lisans öğrenimi gören sekiz beliren yetişkin katılmıştır. Veriler, katılımcılarla yapılan yarı-yapılandırılmış görüşmeler ile toplanmıştır. Veri analizi ise içerik analiz yöntemiyle yapılmıştır. Analiz sonuçlarına göre "bedeni koruma", "bedeni kabul etme", "bedene anlam yükleme" ve "bedene olumlu duygulanım" olmak üzere dört temaya ulaşılmıştır. Beliren yetişkinler, bedeni koruma temasında bedenlerini iyi hissettiren etkinliklerinin neler olduğunu belirtmişlerdir. Bedeni kabul temasında ise bedenlerine yönelik olumlu algılarını ortaya koymuşlardır. Ayrıca bedene olumlu duygulanım temasında bedenleriyle ilgili yaşadıkları deneyimler sonucunda bedenlerine karşı ürettikleri olumlu duygularını ifade etmişlerdir. Son olarak bedene anlam yükleme temasında bedenlerini nasıl anlamlandırdıkları açıklamışlardır. Beden imajı problemi yaşayan beliren yetişkinlere yönelik bireysel ya da grupla psikolojik danışma süreçlerinde bu araştırmanın bulgularından yararlanılabilir. Önreğin; olumsuz beden imajı problem yaşayan beliren yetişkinlere, bedeni koruma, bedeni kabul etme, bedene anlam yükleme ve bedene karşı olumlu duygulanım geliştirme etkinlikleri yapılarak beden imajları olumlu bir noktaya getirilebilir.
The overall aim of this study was to develop the Islamic Well-Being Scale and examine the relatio... more The overall aim of this study was to develop the Islamic Well-Being Scale and examine the relationship between mental health and Islamic well-being. In this study, four sub-studies were performed to create the one-factor Islamic Well-Being Scale, perform a confirmatory factor analysis and validate the Islamic Well-Being Scale, differentially predict ill-being and well-being outcomes using the Islamic Well-Being Scale, and compare individuals with different Islamic belief levels using the Islamic Well-Being Scale. In total, 170 adults, 209 adults, 216 theological faculty students and 152 undergraduate educational faculty students participated in each sub-study. Several scales related to well-being and ill-being were used in this study. The Islamic Well-Being Scale was found to be valid and reliable. Islamic well-being was related to certain indicators of well-being and ill-being.
The aim of the study is to compare teachers and pre-service teachers in terms of personality trai... more The aim of the study is to compare teachers and pre-service teachers in terms of personality traits and career adaptability. The relationships between personality traits and career adaptability are also investigated. A total of 176 pre-service teachers took part in the study, including 90 men and 76 women, and a total of 204 teachers took part in the study, including 98 men and 106 women. The data collected included items from the Big Five Inventory and the Scale of Career Adaptability. The relationship between variables was examined by using independent t-tests for gender differences and multiple regression analysis techniques. According to the results, the level of career adaptability is higher in teachers than in pre-service teachers. Additionally, career exploration and plans were related to certain personality traits. The results of the present study might be used in career counselling, and also teacher profession development.
Counselors should have the counseling skills necessary for making adequate therapeutic progress t... more Counselors should have the counseling skills necessary for making adequate therapeutic progress through counseling sessions. Counselors start learning skills and knowledge for counseling in their undergraduate education. During this critical period, the time, form, and quality of the process of gaining core competencies in counseling differ depending on several factors. Supervised sessions might be regarded among these factors. Supervised sessions should be conducted using a comprehensive, objective-driven, and need based model in order for the sessions to be able to reach their goals. Due to the need for more effective supervised sessions, the current study aims to introduce the four-stage supervision model and report preliminary results related to the model' s effectiveness. This study consists of 17 counselor trainees studying counseling psychology and the guidance department at a public university during the 2012 fall semester. All participants were enrolled in the Counseling Psychology Practicum. The mixed method design was used in the study. A counselor competencies evaluation form, developed by the researchers, was used in the quantitative phase while semi-structured interview forms were used in the qualitative phase. Pretest and posttest scores of counselor trainees' counselor competencies were provided using the counselor competencies evaluation form. A supervisor and cosupervisor rated the frequency of mistakes that had been made by counselor trainees through counseling sessions to make a frequency chart. The mistakes (ineffectiveness of counseling skills and lack of the required counseling skills) refer to ineffective counseling skills counselor trainees used and counseling skills which they didn't use although they should have been. Wilcoxon signed-rank test and frequency were used in analyzing the quantitative data, and the descriptive method was used in analyzing the qualitative data. Research findings from the quantitative part of the study indicate that counselor trainees made 280 mistakes at 92.71% over the first five supervision sessions, while making 22 mistakes in the last five supervised sessions at 7.28%. These results show that the supervised session conducted based on the four-stage supervision model reduced the counselor trainees' mistakes by 85.43%. Moreover, the results indicate a statistically meaningful difference between counselor trainees' pretest and posttest scores for counselor competencies (z =-3.62; p < .05). According to research findings found in the qualitative part of the study, counselor trainees remarked that the supervised sessions were beneficial for improving their counselor competencies in eight important dimensions. In summary, the four-stage supervision model developed for counselor trainees can be a supervision model that helps counselor trainees enhance their counseling competences. However, the study' s findings should be interpreted in terms of its limitations.
The main goal of the present study is to compare male offenders and non-offenders in terms of how... more The main goal of the present study is to compare male offenders and non-offenders in terms of how they attribute meaning to life and set life goals. The samples were chosen from among offenders (n = 50) and non-offenders (n = 50) who were between ages 19-26. Mixed method was used in this study. The scale of setting life goals and interview form were used to collect data. To analysis of the data, the content analysis technique and t test and were used. Findings of the present study show that offenders tend to have troubles setting life goals when compared to non-offenders. Furthermore, the results of this study could be used in rehabilitating offenders and preventing those at risk of committing criminal acts from doing so.
This study analyzes the effectiveness of the Integrative Intervention Group Counseling Program on... more This study analyzes the effectiveness of the Integrative Intervention Group Counseling Program on shyness. The study was conducted with adolescents of ages 14 to 16 in high school. It was conducted by using the embedded mixed method in which both qualitative and quantitative techniques are employed together, and the intervention program is composed of 11 sessions each of which lasted 90 minutes. The Shyness Scale was used to measure the effectiveness of the program, and the program was also evaluated qualitatively. The analysis of the data was carried out by performing the Repeated Measure of Variance Analysis and the Mann Whitney U Test. According to the findings, adolescents not only overcame shyness, but also achieved positive changes in self-perception and actively engaging in life. According to the results, the program developed for intervening with shyness in adolescents was found to be effective.
In literature, positive features of teachers have been investigated under many dimensions. Positi... more In literature, positive features of teachers have been investigated under many dimensions. Positive teacher studies focus more on positive teacher-student relationships. Although there are measurement tools that measure positive student-teacher relationships in the literature, there are no tools of measuring the positive teacher characteristics in a comprehensive way. The aim of this study is to develop a scale that measure positive teacher qualities. Parallel with the aim of the present study, a cross sectional research design was used. In this study, scale development process was followed. Item preparations, item analysis, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, reliability and validity analysis have been considered in this study. The data were collected form university students (203 individuals in exploratory analysis group; 209 individuals in confirmatory analysis group). According to factor analysis results, the scale which is consist of six dimensions which are named suc...
Journal of Education and Training Studies, Apr 23, 2018
Subjective well-being is a sign of positive mental health of children. The aim of the present stu... more Subjective well-being is a sign of positive mental health of children. The aim of the present study is to develop subjective well-being increasing strategies scale for children whose mothers' uses are varied 1 to 5. In this study, there were 195 mothers whose mean ages were 31, 49 and standard deviation were 4,71. Satisfaction with life, positive and negative affect scales were used. Moreover, item analysis, exploratory factor analysis, reliability and validity analysis were used. According to results, the scale has 66,03 % explained variance and four dimensions which were named as acting physical contact, playing game, satisfaction of desires and take out. The reliability and validity of the scale have enough values. The scale is valid and reliable. In future, some researches might carry out with this scale in order to increase children's' physical and mental health.
International Online Journal of Educational Sciences
The aim of this study is to investigate the pre-service teachers&#39; career adaptability wit... more The aim of this study is to investigate the pre-service teachers&#39; career adaptability with career decision making self-efficacy and career barriers. The study group of this study constitutes a total of 220 pre-service teachers who are studying at a public university in Turkey. The data were collected with Career Adaptability Scale, Career Decision Making Self-Efficacy Scale and Perceived Career Barriers Scale. A multiple regression analysis technique was used to analysis of the data. When the findings of this study are examined, there is a significant relationship between career decision making self-efficacy and career barriers with career adaptability. [R = .54, R2 = .29, F = 46.084 p &lt;.01]. Career decision making self-efficacy and carrier barriers explain about 29% of the total assumption of career adaptability. According to the results of the research, pre-service teachers&#39; career adaptabilities is increased parallel with increasing pre-service teachers&#39; career decision making self-efficacy. On the other hand, pre-service teachers&#39; career adaptabilities is decreased parallel with increasing pre-service teachers&#39; career barriers
Bu araştırmada, Bireyle Psikolojik Danışma Uygulamaları adlı dersin kapsamında uygulanan süperviz... more Bu araştırmada, Bireyle Psikolojik Danışma Uygulamaları adlı dersin kapsamında uygulanan süpervizyon modeline dair psikolojik danışman adaylarının görüşlerinin incelenmesi amaç edinilmiştir. Gelişimsel Kapsamlı Süpervizyon Modeli üç evre (temeli sağlamlaştırma, gelişim, değerlendirme) ve altı aşamadan (hazırbulunuşluk, bilgilendirme, müdahale, intervizyon, gelişimin değerlendirilmesi, modelin değerlendirilmesi) oluşmaktadır. Bu modele dair psikolojik danışman adaylarının görüşlerini belirleyebilmek için görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Geliştirilen süpervizyon modeline dair psikolojik danışman adaylarının görüşlerine göre; psikolojik danışman adaylarının gelişim aşamasından sonra psikolojik danışma sürecine ilişkin farkındalıkları artmış; adaylar müdahale aşamasından sonra farklı müdahale becerileri öğrenmiş, danışan sorunlarına ilişkin daha derin bir anlayış kazanmış; intervizyon aşamasından sonra psikolojik danışmaya ilişkin bilgi ve becerilerini grup arkadaşlarından ve onların geribildirimlerinden kazanmış ve genel olarak tüm aşamalardan sonra kişisel ve mesleki gelişimleri desteklenmiştir.
Bu çalışmanın amacı, öğretmenlerin bakış açılarından "Pozitif Öğretmen Ölçeğinin" geliştirilmesid... more Bu çalışmanın amacı, öğretmenlerin bakış açılarından "Pozitif Öğretmen Ölçeğinin" geliştirilmesidir. Çalışmada kesitsel araştırma deseni kullanılmıştır. Çalışma farklı öğretim kademelerinde en az beş yıllık görev yapan toplam 448 öğretmen üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada ölçek geliştirme aşamaları takip edilmiştir. Bu doğrultuda çalışmada: Maddelerin ve ölçek deneme formunun hazırlanması, açımlayıcı faktör analizi, doğrulayıcı faktör analizi, güvenirlik analizi ve geçerlik analizi çalışmaları gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma bulgularına göre, 21 maddelik ve beş boyutlu bir ölçeğe ulaşılmıştır. Ölçeğin birinci boyutuna " dışa dönük kişilik özelliğine sahip olmak", ikinci boyutuna "Konuyu somutlaştırmak", üçüncü boyutuna "Öğrenci ile pozitif ilişki kurmak", dördüncü boyutuna "Öğrenciyi derse katmak" ve beşinci boyutuna "Derste akış yaşatmak" adlandırılmıştır. Ölçeğin toplam varyansın % 63.230 açıkladığı belirlenmiştir. Ölçeğin tamamının güvenirlik değeri 0.89 olarak bulunmuştur. Ölçeğin açımlayıcı faktör analizi ile ortaya konan yapısı doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ile de doğrulanmıştır (RMSEA = 0.067). Ölçeğin Pozitif Duygular ile korelasyonu 0.45; p<0.01 şeklinde bulunmuştur. Pozitif Öğretmen Ölçeği Öğretmen Formunun güvenilir ve geçerli olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.
Öz. Bu araştırmanın amacı, olumlu beden imajını, beliren yetişkinlerin algılarına dayalı olarak d... more Öz. Bu araştırmanın amacı, olumlu beden imajını, beliren yetişkinlerin algılarına dayalı olarak derinlemesine incelemektir. Bu araştırmada beliren yetişkinlerinin olumlu beden imajı kavramını nasıl anlamlandırdıkları ve deneyimledikleri olumlu beden imajının neler olduğunu tanımlamak amaçlandığı için araştırma betimleyici fenomenolojik deseninde yürütülmüştür. Araştırmaya eğitim fakültesinin çeşitli branşlarında lisans öğrenimi gören sekiz beliren yetişkin katılmıştır. Veriler, katılımcılarla yapılan yarı-yapılandırılmış görüşmeler ile toplanmıştır. Veri analizi ise içerik analiz yöntemiyle yapılmıştır. Analiz sonuçlarına göre "bedeni koruma", "bedeni kabul etme", "bedene anlam yükleme" ve "bedene olumlu duygulanım" olmak üzere dört temaya ulaşılmıştır. Beliren yetişkinler, bedeni koruma temasında bedenlerini iyi hissettiren etkinliklerinin neler olduğunu belirtmişlerdir. Bedeni kabul temasında ise bedenlerine yönelik olumlu algılarını ortaya koymuşlardır. Ayrıca bedene olumlu duygulanım temasında bedenleriyle ilgili yaşadıkları deneyimler sonucunda bedenlerine karşı ürettikleri olumlu duygularını ifade etmişlerdir. Son olarak bedene anlam yükleme temasında bedenlerini nasıl anlamlandırdıkları açıklamışlardır. Beden imajı problemi yaşayan beliren yetişkinlere yönelik bireysel ya da grupla psikolojik danışma süreçlerinde bu araştırmanın bulgularından yararlanılabilir. Önreğin; olumsuz beden imajı problem yaşayan beliren yetişkinlere, bedeni koruma, bedeni kabul etme, bedene anlam yükleme ve bedene karşı olumlu duygulanım geliştirme etkinlikleri yapılarak beden imajları olumlu bir noktaya getirilebilir.
The overall aim of this study was to develop the Islamic Well-Being Scale and examine the relatio... more The overall aim of this study was to develop the Islamic Well-Being Scale and examine the relationship between mental health and Islamic well-being. In this study, four sub-studies were performed to create the one-factor Islamic Well-Being Scale, perform a confirmatory factor analysis and validate the Islamic Well-Being Scale, differentially predict ill-being and well-being outcomes using the Islamic Well-Being Scale, and compare individuals with different Islamic belief levels using the Islamic Well-Being Scale. In total, 170 adults, 209 adults, 216 theological faculty students and 152 undergraduate educational faculty students participated in each sub-study. Several scales related to well-being and ill-being were used in this study. The Islamic Well-Being Scale was found to be valid and reliable. Islamic well-being was related to certain indicators of well-being and ill-being.
The aim of the study is to compare teachers and pre-service teachers in terms of personality trai... more The aim of the study is to compare teachers and pre-service teachers in terms of personality traits and career adaptability. The relationships between personality traits and career adaptability are also investigated. A total of 176 pre-service teachers took part in the study, including 90 men and 76 women, and a total of 204 teachers took part in the study, including 98 men and 106 women. The data collected included items from the Big Five Inventory and the Scale of Career Adaptability. The relationship between variables was examined by using independent t-tests for gender differences and multiple regression analysis techniques. According to the results, the level of career adaptability is higher in teachers than in pre-service teachers. Additionally, career exploration and plans were related to certain personality traits. The results of the present study might be used in career counselling, and also teacher profession development.
Counselors should have the counseling skills necessary for making adequate therapeutic progress t... more Counselors should have the counseling skills necessary for making adequate therapeutic progress through counseling sessions. Counselors start learning skills and knowledge for counseling in their undergraduate education. During this critical period, the time, form, and quality of the process of gaining core competencies in counseling differ depending on several factors. Supervised sessions might be regarded among these factors. Supervised sessions should be conducted using a comprehensive, objective-driven, and need based model in order for the sessions to be able to reach their goals. Due to the need for more effective supervised sessions, the current study aims to introduce the four-stage supervision model and report preliminary results related to the model' s effectiveness. This study consists of 17 counselor trainees studying counseling psychology and the guidance department at a public university during the 2012 fall semester. All participants were enrolled in the Counseling Psychology Practicum. The mixed method design was used in the study. A counselor competencies evaluation form, developed by the researchers, was used in the quantitative phase while semi-structured interview forms were used in the qualitative phase. Pretest and posttest scores of counselor trainees' counselor competencies were provided using the counselor competencies evaluation form. A supervisor and cosupervisor rated the frequency of mistakes that had been made by counselor trainees through counseling sessions to make a frequency chart. The mistakes (ineffectiveness of counseling skills and lack of the required counseling skills) refer to ineffective counseling skills counselor trainees used and counseling skills which they didn't use although they should have been. Wilcoxon signed-rank test and frequency were used in analyzing the quantitative data, and the descriptive method was used in analyzing the qualitative data. Research findings from the quantitative part of the study indicate that counselor trainees made 280 mistakes at 92.71% over the first five supervision sessions, while making 22 mistakes in the last five supervised sessions at 7.28%. These results show that the supervised session conducted based on the four-stage supervision model reduced the counselor trainees' mistakes by 85.43%. Moreover, the results indicate a statistically meaningful difference between counselor trainees' pretest and posttest scores for counselor competencies (z =-3.62; p < .05). According to research findings found in the qualitative part of the study, counselor trainees remarked that the supervised sessions were beneficial for improving their counselor competencies in eight important dimensions. In summary, the four-stage supervision model developed for counselor trainees can be a supervision model that helps counselor trainees enhance their counseling competences. However, the study' s findings should be interpreted in terms of its limitations.
The main goal of the present study is to compare male offenders and non-offenders in terms of how... more The main goal of the present study is to compare male offenders and non-offenders in terms of how they attribute meaning to life and set life goals. The samples were chosen from among offenders (n = 50) and non-offenders (n = 50) who were between ages 19-26. Mixed method was used in this study. The scale of setting life goals and interview form were used to collect data. To analysis of the data, the content analysis technique and t test and were used. Findings of the present study show that offenders tend to have troubles setting life goals when compared to non-offenders. Furthermore, the results of this study could be used in rehabilitating offenders and preventing those at risk of committing criminal acts from doing so.
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