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The Quantum Threat to Blockchains - 2026 Report
Now available ⬇️
Project Eleven
1,905 posts
Project Eleven
@projecteleven
Securing digital assets for the post-quantum era
Joined November 2024
- Project Eleven reposted
Far more resources are being invested into quantum attacks than into coordinating the cryptographic updates needed to mitigate them, and it's becoming a serious problem. But we have the opportunity to change that. My latest in @CoinDeskThe offense attacking cryptography is highly coordinated, well funded, and rapidly advancing. We need the defense to keep pace. The latest from Project Eleven CEO & Co-Founder @apruden08 in @CoinDesk ⬇️
- The offense attacking cryptography is highly coordinated, well funded, and rapidly advancing. We need the defense to keep pace. The latest from Project Eleven CEO & Co-Founder @apruden08 in @CoinDesk ⬇️
- Replying to @projectelevenRead the full Quantum Computing and Blockchains paper from BlackRock: blackrock.com/us/individual/…
- Replying to @projectelevenThe conclusion from BlackRock's Quantum Computing and Blockchains paper: "It is a much less daunting task to upgrade current cryptographic systems (including Bitcoin, Ethereum, and others) to a quantum-secure standard than it is to build a CRQC from where quantum computing
- Replying to @projecteleven10. BlackRock says quantum risk may be one of the last major “walls of worry” for digital assets, and resolving it could increase valuations. This is the institutional-investor framing. BlackRock says quantum-negative headlines are hard to quantify, but they view quantum risk as
- Replying to @projecteleven9. Ethereum is described as more technically complex than Bitcoin, but with a clearer roadmap. The report says Ethereum has a more defined migration path, but faces more layers of quantum vulnerability: validator BLS signatures, KZG proofs, EOA signatures, and application-layer
- Replying to @projecteleven8. BlackRock explicitly mentions PQ BIPs and Taproot-based migration paths, along with zero-knowledge proof migrations even after PQ migration is complete. They say several post-quantum-related Bitcoin Improvement Proposals have been accepted into the repository, though still in
- Replying to @projecteleven7. BlackRock calls Bitcoin’s PQ migration technically easier than building a CRQC, but socially hard. They say implementing PQ signatures in Bitcoin is a much lower hurdle than the remaining challenges to build a functional CRQC. But Bitcoin’s problem is governance: no central
- Replying to @projecteleven6. They say short-range attacks may be “in play.” Historically, the comforting view was that exposed old addresses are the problem, and normal hashed addresses are safe unless a quantum computer can break ECC inside Bitcoin’s ~10-minute block window. BlackRock says Google’s
- Replying to @projecteleven5. Satoshi’s coins are explicitly part of the debate. BlackRock notes that migration is not possible for inactive/lost-key UTXOs, including the roughly 1.1 million BTC in P2PK addresses widely believed to be Satoshi’s. They also cite estimates that 2.3–3.7 million BTC, or 11–19%
- Replying to @projecteleven4. Nearly 7 million BTC, about 35% of circulating supply, is potentially vulnerable to long-range quantum attacks. BlackRock says roughly 1.9 million BTC sit in address types that expose unhashed public keys, and another 5 million BTC are in reused addresses where public keys
