This study investigates the formulation of effective, efficient, and impactful prompts for intera... more This study investigates the formulation of effective, efficient, and impactful prompts for interactions with artificial intelligence models based on natural language processing. Grounded in an integrative literature review, the research highlights how the quality of user input directly influences the accuracy, coherence, and relevance of AI-generated responses. Initially, the study explores the technological advancements that enabled this progress, emphasizing the role of contextual learning. Subsequently, methodologies and prompt engineering strategies, such as Chain-of-Thought and Few-shot prompting, are analyzed. The results and discussion section evaluates the effectiveness of these strategies through case studies, demonstrating that continuous refinement of prompts significantly enhances AI performance. As a practical contribution, a structured guide for optimizing prompt creation is presented. Ultimately, the study reaffirms the importance of prompt engineering as a crucial skill for maximizing the potential of artificial intelligence, highlighting challenges and opportunities for future applications across various domains.
In modern life, composite indices are increasingly utilized to synthesize multidimensional data i... more In modern life, composite indices are increasingly utilized to synthesize multidimensional data into simplified metrics, aiming to facilitate comparisons and decision-making in areas such as public policy, health, and sustainability. However, their construction faces significant methodological challenges, such as subjectivity in selecting and weighting indicators, information loss during aggregation, and increased variance, compromising statistical differentiation. This article critically examines these limitations, with a special focus on the robustness of composite indices. The literature review highlights contributions that underscore the risks of implicit weights and biases resulting from aggregation formulas. To mitigate these issues, the article proposes methodological refinements, including greater transparency in weighting, sensitivity testing, and the use of advanced statistical techniques such as principal component analysis. By addressing the limitations and alternatives to the construction of complex indices, this article aims to contribute to the development of more robust and reliable composite indices, reviewing recommendations present in the literature and offering suggestions to enhance their methodological foundations and interpretative validity.
Este artigo tem como objetivo realizar uma revisão integrativa da literatura das atuais Políticas... more Este artigo tem como objetivo realizar uma revisão integrativa da literatura das atuais Políticas Públicas Humanitárias (PPH) em Portugal, com o intuito de compreender como essas políticas são desenvolvidas e implementadas no país. Para tanto, serão analisados a legislação condicionante oriundas da União Europeia e de Portugal, que abarcam o
INFORM Risk is a composite index developed by the European Commission that seeks to identify pote... more INFORM Risk is a composite index developed by the European Commission that seeks to identify potential risks of countries entering humanitarian crises and disasters that would exceed the existing national response capacity. The index provides basic support for proactively managing crises. This article provides a methodological analysis of the construction of this index through a quantitative method, based on mathematical analysis of the formulas used, aiming at sensitivity, that is, the individual impact of the components on the total risk index. It is found that the index is calculated for each country as an average of many components, thus presenting a very large variance, which reduces its significance. The application of a logarithmic transformation on the nesting of geometric means used in the construction of the index also underlines that the index favors some factors over others. Finally, the calculated index is classified on a scale that is not equally spaced without an explanation of the objective. The idea is to observe the potential effectiveness, efficiency, and effectiveness of the index in fulfilling its declared mission.
.
While conservatism advocates argue that their ideas provide a solid
foundation for addressing ... more . While conservatism advocates argue that their ideas provide a solid foundation for addressing modern challenges gradually and pragmatically, critics raise concerns about restrictions on individual freedom and perpetuating social inequality. However, the enduring inuence of conservatism on the political and intellectual scene is undeniable, continuing to shape public discourse and inuence government policies worldwide.
In the last few decades, the European Union (EU) has developed a comprehensive approach to natura... more In the last few decades, the European Union (EU) has developed a comprehensive approach to natural disaster management, with a particular focus on civil protection laws and international cooperation. The EU acknowledges the importance of proactive measures to minimize the impact of potential crises, namely in the context of climate change, in response of the increasing complexity and frequency of climate-induced disasters. This study analyses and discusses EU humanitarian legislation that aims to promote disaster resilience in member states. It starts with an overview of the EU's legal framework, continuing with an analysis of the different types of secondary legislation in the Union, distinguishing their purposes and respective attributes, and then delves into the already established bases for preventing and mitigating the impacts of natural disasters and the frequency of such risks. Finally, a critical reflection is made on the strengths and limitations of the legal basis established by the EU.
A structure seems to be not converging to a good outcome. Human rights is aconcept that has evolv... more A structure seems to be not converging to a good outcome. Human rights is aconcept that has evolved from many centuries ago. Today, we experienceconstant threats to these rights, and we live in the hope of a structure that, byexercising the instrument of security, can guarantee them. This structure needsto be supranational, because strong threats to such rights, in the modern world,come from the structure of governments of countries, and the threats aretransnational. On the other hand, there is a clamor for the use of security invarious activities that end up violating human rights. There is an inversion ofvalues and human rights become subordinate to security at both national andinternational levels. Is there any possibility of getting out of this vicious cycle? Keywords: Human rights, governance, security, supranational governments
The Republic in Brazil is just over 100 years old. The position of the king was replaced by a Kin... more The Republic in Brazil is just over 100 years old. The position of the king was replaced by a King-President. The history of this Republic is marked by several democratic setbacks. After the so-called Military Regime of 1964, the 1988Constitution shone, marking the end of that regime, and characterizing the government system as Multiparty Presidentialism. Some authors claim that revanchism against the old regime inspired action by the constituents in the establishment of a multiparty system, in opposition to what existed, and which was manipulated by the government. What is not provided for in the Constitution is that the way to create a coalition of parties to make the Government viable is through Corruption. It is also worth questioning what would be the role of the Judiciary in this dispute between the Executive and the Legislative Powers. Would the Judiciary also be subservient to corruption processes?
A structure seems to be not converging to a good outcome. Human rights is aconcept that has evolv... more A structure seems to be not converging to a good outcome. Human rights is aconcept that has evolved from many centuries ago. Today, we experienceconstant threats to these rights, and we live in the hope of a structure that, byexercising the instrument of security, can guarantee them. This structure needsto be supranational, because strong threats to such rights, in the modern world,come from the structure of governments of countries, and the threats aretransnational. On the other hand, there is a clamor for the use of security invarious activities that end up violating human rights. There is an inversion ofvalues and human rights become subordinate to security at both national andinternational levels. Is there any possibility of getting out of this vicious cycle? Keywords: Human rights, governance, security, supranational governments
Rio Operations Center (COR) was the agency of Rio de Janeiro Prefecture responsible for monitorin... more Rio Operations Center (COR) was the agency of Rio de Janeiro Prefecture responsible for monitoring the Rio 2016 Olympic and Paralympic Games operations, due to its role in the integrated management of the city operations. This paper presents a case study considering a brief theoretical reference and data collected through direct observations, interviews, internal documents and access to the systems and software used by COR. The analysis of the COR IT infrastructure and monitoring teams’ preparation for the Olympics revealed a successful development of new teams and conflict solving practice. Despite the use of different sources of information and the development of specific systems for the event, the COR preparation faced some restrictions in analytical functions, security and integration among systems. Nevertheless, regionalization for monitoring and interagency coordination, cross-agency instant messaging, and a team for active monitoring of social media emerged as new practices, ...
A disaster is the result of a combination of threats, conditions of vulnerability and inadequate ... more A disaster is the result of a combination of threats, conditions of vulnerability and inadequate capacity to reduce the negative and potential consequences of risk. Regardless of their origin or magnitude, disasters are not events that are easily manageable by routine procedures, and the interaction among stakeholders from the society and public and private sectors poses an additional challenge .
5th International Conference on Disaster Management and Human Health: Reducing Risk, Improving Outcomes - DISASTER MANAGEMENT 2017, 2017
This paper aims to contribute to a solution of the disaster coordination problem through designin... more This paper aims to contribute to a solution of the disaster coordination problem through designing an organizational structure of project for the humanitarian activities based on the PRINCE2 method and military organizational combat frame. This frame incorporates the robustness of military perspective while considering the appropriateness of maintaining the administration under the civilian direction. The PRINCE2 method has been used worldwide, and the military organizational combat frame has been tested under harsh conditions. The designed structure for a humanitarian project (HP) provides a clear role and responsibility for each element of the organization, facilitating the application of leadership and minimizing uncoordinated activities performance. This structure allows the adequate flow of information from the processes of the disaster scene. The paper approach is an exploratory qualitative bibliographic applied research.
Abdon de Paula Para tornarmos mais precisos os conceitos com os quais trabalhamos sobre as palavr... more Abdon de Paula Para tornarmos mais precisos os conceitos com os quais trabalhamos sobre as palavras eficaz, eficiente e efetivo precisamos entendê-las em suas várias dimensões dentro da sociedade. Desta forma, poderemos defender posições com algum rigor, uma vez que estes conceitos impactam nas mensagens que transmitimos de nossos serviços. Dimensão Etimológica A primeira dimensão é a etimológica, onde buscamos a origem das palavras e o seu significado na língua. A palavra eficaz vem do latim efficax e se refere a alguém ou alguma coisa que produz o resultado ou efeito esperado. Alguém ou algo capaz, útil, seguro, infalível, que realiza aquilo a que se destina ou as funções que lhe competem, sem precisar de ajuda. Algo ou alguém competente que origina resultados. Está associada a se produzir o trabalho definido, o escopo. Atende a questão: "o que fazer" A palavra eficiência vem do latim efficiens e se refere a alguém ou alguma coisa que produz bons resultados. Algo ou alguém competente e produtivo, que origina bons resultados, com um dispêndio mínimo de recursos. Note-se que já em sua origem no latim ambas as palavras, de mesmo radical, tinham em comum o resultado. Ou seja, ambas se referiam a atingir o resultado e diferiam no fato de que a eficiência agregava algo a mais, representado pelo adjetivo "bons". O termo eficiência está, assim, etimologicamente, associada a se produzir também o trabalho definido, atendendo também a questão sobre "o que fazer", porém agregando um novo valor:-"fazer bem, atingir o resultado de forma melhor". Ou seja, agrega-se a algo de especificação sobre "o como fazer". Por se referirem a um mesmo atingimento de objetivo, as palavras passaram, na língua portuguesa, a serem tratadas como sinônimos:-eficiente, adj. 2 g. 1 que realiza bem as funções 2 que traz bons resultados-eficáz, adj. 2g. 1 eficiente 2 seguro, infalível. (Dicionário Houaiss,2003, p.183) Podemos, assim, verificar que o eficaz está relacionado ao atingimento do objetivo com muita constância ou sempre. E o eficiente, por ser sinônimo, também, mas restou ainda, na língua portuguesa, vestígios do latim e, em geral, mesmo nos dicionários, quando vemos o termo eficiente acrescenta-se o termo bons, para adjetivar o substantivo plural resultados (fazer com bons resultados). Dimensão da Ciência Física e da Engenharia Na física, e na engenharia, não faz sentido se desenvolver uma solução (trabalho) que não atinja resultado algum. Na realidade, chamamos de perda por atrito aquela parcela da energia aplicada que decai, não produzindo trabalho e existe uma busca
This study investigates the formulation of effective, efficient, and impactful prompts for intera... more This study investigates the formulation of effective, efficient, and impactful prompts for interactions with artificial intelligence models based on natural language processing. Grounded in an integrative literature review, the research highlights how the quality of user input directly influences the accuracy, coherence, and relevance of AI-generated responses. Initially, the study explores the technological advancements that enabled this progress, emphasizing the role of contextual learning. Subsequently, methodologies and prompt engineering strategies, such as Chain-of-Thought and Few-shot prompting, are analyzed. The results and discussion section evaluates the effectiveness of these strategies through case studies, demonstrating that continuous refinement of prompts significantly enhances AI performance. As a practical contribution, a structured guide for optimizing prompt creation is presented. Ultimately, the study reaffirms the importance of prompt engineering as a crucial skill for maximizing the potential of artificial intelligence, highlighting challenges and opportunities for future applications across various domains.
In modern life, composite indices are increasingly utilized to synthesize multidimensional data i... more In modern life, composite indices are increasingly utilized to synthesize multidimensional data into simplified metrics, aiming to facilitate comparisons and decision-making in areas such as public policy, health, and sustainability. However, their construction faces significant methodological challenges, such as subjectivity in selecting and weighting indicators, information loss during aggregation, and increased variance, compromising statistical differentiation. This article critically examines these limitations, with a special focus on the robustness of composite indices. The literature review highlights contributions that underscore the risks of implicit weights and biases resulting from aggregation formulas. To mitigate these issues, the article proposes methodological refinements, including greater transparency in weighting, sensitivity testing, and the use of advanced statistical techniques such as principal component analysis. By addressing the limitations and alternatives to the construction of complex indices, this article aims to contribute to the development of more robust and reliable composite indices, reviewing recommendations present in the literature and offering suggestions to enhance their methodological foundations and interpretative validity.
Este artigo tem como objetivo realizar uma revisão integrativa da literatura das atuais Políticas... more Este artigo tem como objetivo realizar uma revisão integrativa da literatura das atuais Políticas Públicas Humanitárias (PPH) em Portugal, com o intuito de compreender como essas políticas são desenvolvidas e implementadas no país. Para tanto, serão analisados a legislação condicionante oriundas da União Europeia e de Portugal, que abarcam o
INFORM Risk is a composite index developed by the European Commission that seeks to identify pote... more INFORM Risk is a composite index developed by the European Commission that seeks to identify potential risks of countries entering humanitarian crises and disasters that would exceed the existing national response capacity. The index provides basic support for proactively managing crises. This article provides a methodological analysis of the construction of this index through a quantitative method, based on mathematical analysis of the formulas used, aiming at sensitivity, that is, the individual impact of the components on the total risk index. It is found that the index is calculated for each country as an average of many components, thus presenting a very large variance, which reduces its significance. The application of a logarithmic transformation on the nesting of geometric means used in the construction of the index also underlines that the index favors some factors over others. Finally, the calculated index is classified on a scale that is not equally spaced without an explanation of the objective. The idea is to observe the potential effectiveness, efficiency, and effectiveness of the index in fulfilling its declared mission.
.
While conservatism advocates argue that their ideas provide a solid
foundation for addressing ... more . While conservatism advocates argue that their ideas provide a solid foundation for addressing modern challenges gradually and pragmatically, critics raise concerns about restrictions on individual freedom and perpetuating social inequality. However, the enduring inuence of conservatism on the political and intellectual scene is undeniable, continuing to shape public discourse and inuence government policies worldwide.
In the last few decades, the European Union (EU) has developed a comprehensive approach to natura... more In the last few decades, the European Union (EU) has developed a comprehensive approach to natural disaster management, with a particular focus on civil protection laws and international cooperation. The EU acknowledges the importance of proactive measures to minimize the impact of potential crises, namely in the context of climate change, in response of the increasing complexity and frequency of climate-induced disasters. This study analyses and discusses EU humanitarian legislation that aims to promote disaster resilience in member states. It starts with an overview of the EU's legal framework, continuing with an analysis of the different types of secondary legislation in the Union, distinguishing their purposes and respective attributes, and then delves into the already established bases for preventing and mitigating the impacts of natural disasters and the frequency of such risks. Finally, a critical reflection is made on the strengths and limitations of the legal basis established by the EU.
A structure seems to be not converging to a good outcome. Human rights is aconcept that has evolv... more A structure seems to be not converging to a good outcome. Human rights is aconcept that has evolved from many centuries ago. Today, we experienceconstant threats to these rights, and we live in the hope of a structure that, byexercising the instrument of security, can guarantee them. This structure needsto be supranational, because strong threats to such rights, in the modern world,come from the structure of governments of countries, and the threats aretransnational. On the other hand, there is a clamor for the use of security invarious activities that end up violating human rights. There is an inversion ofvalues and human rights become subordinate to security at both national andinternational levels. Is there any possibility of getting out of this vicious cycle? Keywords: Human rights, governance, security, supranational governments
The Republic in Brazil is just over 100 years old. The position of the king was replaced by a Kin... more The Republic in Brazil is just over 100 years old. The position of the king was replaced by a King-President. The history of this Republic is marked by several democratic setbacks. After the so-called Military Regime of 1964, the 1988Constitution shone, marking the end of that regime, and characterizing the government system as Multiparty Presidentialism. Some authors claim that revanchism against the old regime inspired action by the constituents in the establishment of a multiparty system, in opposition to what existed, and which was manipulated by the government. What is not provided for in the Constitution is that the way to create a coalition of parties to make the Government viable is through Corruption. It is also worth questioning what would be the role of the Judiciary in this dispute between the Executive and the Legislative Powers. Would the Judiciary also be subservient to corruption processes?
A structure seems to be not converging to a good outcome. Human rights is aconcept that has evolv... more A structure seems to be not converging to a good outcome. Human rights is aconcept that has evolved from many centuries ago. Today, we experienceconstant threats to these rights, and we live in the hope of a structure that, byexercising the instrument of security, can guarantee them. This structure needsto be supranational, because strong threats to such rights, in the modern world,come from the structure of governments of countries, and the threats aretransnational. On the other hand, there is a clamor for the use of security invarious activities that end up violating human rights. There is an inversion ofvalues and human rights become subordinate to security at both national andinternational levels. Is there any possibility of getting out of this vicious cycle? Keywords: Human rights, governance, security, supranational governments
Rio Operations Center (COR) was the agency of Rio de Janeiro Prefecture responsible for monitorin... more Rio Operations Center (COR) was the agency of Rio de Janeiro Prefecture responsible for monitoring the Rio 2016 Olympic and Paralympic Games operations, due to its role in the integrated management of the city operations. This paper presents a case study considering a brief theoretical reference and data collected through direct observations, interviews, internal documents and access to the systems and software used by COR. The analysis of the COR IT infrastructure and monitoring teams’ preparation for the Olympics revealed a successful development of new teams and conflict solving practice. Despite the use of different sources of information and the development of specific systems for the event, the COR preparation faced some restrictions in analytical functions, security and integration among systems. Nevertheless, regionalization for monitoring and interagency coordination, cross-agency instant messaging, and a team for active monitoring of social media emerged as new practices, ...
A disaster is the result of a combination of threats, conditions of vulnerability and inadequate ... more A disaster is the result of a combination of threats, conditions of vulnerability and inadequate capacity to reduce the negative and potential consequences of risk. Regardless of their origin or magnitude, disasters are not events that are easily manageable by routine procedures, and the interaction among stakeholders from the society and public and private sectors poses an additional challenge .
5th International Conference on Disaster Management and Human Health: Reducing Risk, Improving Outcomes - DISASTER MANAGEMENT 2017, 2017
This paper aims to contribute to a solution of the disaster coordination problem through designin... more This paper aims to contribute to a solution of the disaster coordination problem through designing an organizational structure of project for the humanitarian activities based on the PRINCE2 method and military organizational combat frame. This frame incorporates the robustness of military perspective while considering the appropriateness of maintaining the administration under the civilian direction. The PRINCE2 method has been used worldwide, and the military organizational combat frame has been tested under harsh conditions. The designed structure for a humanitarian project (HP) provides a clear role and responsibility for each element of the organization, facilitating the application of leadership and minimizing uncoordinated activities performance. This structure allows the adequate flow of information from the processes of the disaster scene. The paper approach is an exploratory qualitative bibliographic applied research.
Abdon de Paula Para tornarmos mais precisos os conceitos com os quais trabalhamos sobre as palavr... more Abdon de Paula Para tornarmos mais precisos os conceitos com os quais trabalhamos sobre as palavras eficaz, eficiente e efetivo precisamos entendê-las em suas várias dimensões dentro da sociedade. Desta forma, poderemos defender posições com algum rigor, uma vez que estes conceitos impactam nas mensagens que transmitimos de nossos serviços. Dimensão Etimológica A primeira dimensão é a etimológica, onde buscamos a origem das palavras e o seu significado na língua. A palavra eficaz vem do latim efficax e se refere a alguém ou alguma coisa que produz o resultado ou efeito esperado. Alguém ou algo capaz, útil, seguro, infalível, que realiza aquilo a que se destina ou as funções que lhe competem, sem precisar de ajuda. Algo ou alguém competente que origina resultados. Está associada a se produzir o trabalho definido, o escopo. Atende a questão: "o que fazer" A palavra eficiência vem do latim efficiens e se refere a alguém ou alguma coisa que produz bons resultados. Algo ou alguém competente e produtivo, que origina bons resultados, com um dispêndio mínimo de recursos. Note-se que já em sua origem no latim ambas as palavras, de mesmo radical, tinham em comum o resultado. Ou seja, ambas se referiam a atingir o resultado e diferiam no fato de que a eficiência agregava algo a mais, representado pelo adjetivo "bons". O termo eficiência está, assim, etimologicamente, associada a se produzir também o trabalho definido, atendendo também a questão sobre "o que fazer", porém agregando um novo valor:-"fazer bem, atingir o resultado de forma melhor". Ou seja, agrega-se a algo de especificação sobre "o como fazer". Por se referirem a um mesmo atingimento de objetivo, as palavras passaram, na língua portuguesa, a serem tratadas como sinônimos:-eficiente, adj. 2 g. 1 que realiza bem as funções 2 que traz bons resultados-eficáz, adj. 2g. 1 eficiente 2 seguro, infalível. (Dicionário Houaiss,2003, p.183) Podemos, assim, verificar que o eficaz está relacionado ao atingimento do objetivo com muita constância ou sempre. E o eficiente, por ser sinônimo, também, mas restou ainda, na língua portuguesa, vestígios do latim e, em geral, mesmo nos dicionários, quando vemos o termo eficiente acrescenta-se o termo bons, para adjetivar o substantivo plural resultados (fazer com bons resultados). Dimensão da Ciência Física e da Engenharia Na física, e na engenharia, não faz sentido se desenvolver uma solução (trabalho) que não atinja resultado algum. Na realidade, chamamos de perda por atrito aquela parcela da energia aplicada que decai, não produzindo trabalho e existe uma busca
RESUMO Nesse trabalho, estuda-se a legislação que permite o necessário respaldo legal para empreg... more RESUMO Nesse trabalho, estuda-se a legislação que permite o necessário respaldo legal para emprego das forças armadas em desastre. As FA detêm intrínsecas características que, aliada ao seu potencial de mobilização e a sua logística, tem mostrado papel relevante em batalhas na guerra contra o desastre, legitimando o seu emprego, uma vez que as forças são recursos da sociedade. Analisa-se, em acréscimo, a formação acadêmica continuada dos oficiais das forças armadas em um estudo comparativo com profissionais da defesa civil, os bombeiros do Estado do Paraná, visando a adequabilidade dessa aplicação. Esse trabalho endereça também a questão da coordenação com atores civis, operando em conjunto, uma vez que essa operação é ainda óbice para a eficácia e eficiência nas operações humanitárias. Esse assunto é bastante controverso, as sugestões são divergentes e não existe muita discussão sobre o papel e funcionamento conjunto de militares e agências humanitárias durante a ocorrência de uma catástrofe. Na tentativa de minimizar tais problemas de coordenação dos diversos atores no cenário, uma estrutura organizacional é apresentada como sugestão, fruto de trabalhos já presentes na literatura, abordando esse problema crônico da falta de coordenação entre os atores. A atuação conjunta é uma oportunidade, logo a ameaça dos conflitos interpessoais nessas operações carece ser minimizada, permitindo uma maior eficiência e efetividade para aliviar o sofrimento e restaurar a normalidade no local afetado. Palavras-chave: Desastres. Forças armadas brasileiras. Operações humanitárias. Estrutura organizacional. ABSTRACT In this paper, we study the legislation that allows the necessary legal support for employment of the Armed Forces in disaster. Also, the armed forces hold intrinsic features, which, coupled with their potential for mobilization and its logistics, has shown significant role in battles in the war against disaster, legitimizing their use once that the forces are resources of society. In addition, the continuing academic training of military officers is analyzed in a comparative study with civil defense professionals, the Paraná state firefighters, aiming at the suitability of this application. This monograph also addresses the issue of coordination with civil actors, working together, since this joint operation is still an obstacle to effectiveness and efficiency in humanitarian operations. This is a very controversial issue; the suggestions are divergent and there is not much discussion about the role in joint operation of military and humanitarian agencies during the onset of a catastrophe. To minimize such problems of coordination of the various actors in the scenario, it is introduced an organizational structure already present in the literature, addressing this chronic problem of the lack of coordination among the actors. The joint action is an opportunity, therefore the threat of interpersonal conflicts in these operations needs to be minimized, allowing for greater efficiency and effectiveness to alleviate suffering and restore normalcy in the affected location.
Abdon de Paula Para tornarmos mais precisos os conceitos com os quais trabalhamos sobre as palavr... more Abdon de Paula Para tornarmos mais precisos os conceitos com os quais trabalhamos sobre as palavras eficaz, eficiente e efetivo precisamos entendê-las em suas várias dimensões dentro da sociedade. Desta forma, poderemos defender posições com algum rigor, uma vez que estes conceitos impactam nas mensagens que transmitimos de nossos serviços. Dimensão Etimológica A primeira dimensão é a etimológica, onde buscamos a origem das palavras e o seu significado na língua. A palavra eficaz vem do latim efficax e se refere a alguém ou alguma coisa que produz o resultado ou efeito esperado. Alguém ou algo capaz, útil, seguro, infalível, que realiza aquilo a que se destina ou as funções que lhe competem, sem precisar de ajuda. Algo ou alguém competente que origina resultados. Está associada a se produzir o trabalho definido, o escopo. Atende a questão: "o que fazer" A palavra eficiência vem do latim efficiens e se refere a alguém ou alguma coisa que produz bons resultados. Algo ou alguém competente e produtivo, que origina bons resultados, com um dispêndio mínimo de recursos. Note-se que já em sua origem no latim ambas as palavras, de mesmo radical, tinham em comum o resultado. Ou seja, ambas se referiam a atingir o resultado e diferiam no fato de que a eficiência agregava algo a mais, representado pelo adjetivo "bons". O termo eficiência está, assim, etimologicamente, associada a se produzir também o trabalho definido, atendendo também a questão sobre "o que fazer", porém agregando um novo valor:-"fazer bem, atingir o resultado de forma melhor". Ou seja, agrega-se a algo de especificação sobre "o como fazer". Por se referirem a um mesmo atingimento de objetivo, as palavras passaram, na língua portuguesa, a serem tratadas como sinônimos:-eficiente, adj. 2 g. 1 que realiza bem as funções 2 que traz bons resultados-eficáz, adj. 2g. 1 eficiente 2 seguro, infalível. (Dicionário Houaiss,2003, p.183) Podemos, assim, verificar que o eficaz está relacionado ao atingimento do objetivo com muita constância ou sempre. E o eficiente, por ser sinônimo, também, mas restou ainda, na língua portuguesa, vestígios do latim e, em geral, mesmo nos dicionários, quando vemos o termo eficiente acrescenta-se o termo bons, para adjetivar o substantivo plural resultados (fazer com bons resultados). Dimensão da Ciência Física e da Engenharia Na física, e na engenharia, não faz sentido se desenvolver uma solução (trabalho) que não atinja resultado algum. Na realidade, chamamos de perda por atrito aquela parcela da energia aplicada que decai, não produzindo trabalho e existe uma busca
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Papers by Abdon de Paula
While conservatism advocates argue that their ideas provide a solid
foundation for addressing modern challenges gradually and
pragmatically, critics raise concerns about restrictions on individual
freedom and perpetuating social inequality. However, the enduring
inuence of conservatism on the political and intellectual scene is
undeniable, continuing to shape public discourse and inuence
government policies worldwide.
Keywords:
Human rights, governance, security, supranational governments
Keywords:
Human rights, governance, security, supranational governments
While conservatism advocates argue that their ideas provide a solid
foundation for addressing modern challenges gradually and
pragmatically, critics raise concerns about restrictions on individual
freedom and perpetuating social inequality. However, the enduring
inuence of conservatism on the political and intellectual scene is
undeniable, continuing to shape public discourse and inuence
government policies worldwide.
Keywords:
Human rights, governance, security, supranational governments
Keywords:
Human rights, governance, security, supranational governments