{"id":18190,"date":"2017-08-22T16:15:40","date_gmt":"2017-08-22T13:15:40","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.webcodegeeks.com\/?p=18190"},"modified":"2018-01-09T09:27:26","modified_gmt":"2018-01-09T07:27:26","slug":"python-built-in-functions-example","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.webcodegeeks.com\/python\/python-built-in-functions-example\/","title":{"rendered":"Python Built In Functions Example"},"content":{"rendered":"

Today we will be talking about some built-in functions in Python. Why are they important to know? Well, if you do import a lot of heavy libraries for simple tasks, that will be very inefficient. A good example of that is importing NumPy<\/code> just to calculate the sum of elements in a row! So basically, built-in functions don’t need to be imported. Let’s get started, shall we?
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\n[ulp id=’R7QVpFMZmjosABLC’]<\/p>\n

1. Basic functions<\/h2>\n

The first function would be abs()<\/code>. It stands for absolute value, and it shows the distance between the given number from zero<\/code>. For example, let’s create the program that asks a user for two numbers and returns the answer for either those numbers are identical or not.<\/p>\n

Python<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

num1 = int(input())\r\nnum2 = int(input())\r\n\r\nif abs(num1) == abs(num2):\r\n    print(\"You put numbers that are either identical or have the same absolute value\")\r\nelse:\r\n    print(\"Numbers are different\")\r\n<\/pre>\n
Simple enough, right? If we put 1<\/code> and -1<\/code>, our output will be “You put numbers that are either identical or have the same absolute value”<\/i>.
\nThe second function I want to cover is probably one of the most used function. That is help()<\/code>. You can find more about any function you want by typing help()<\/code>. However, a lot of people prefer just google it. For example, let’s find out more about the ufw<\/code>:<\/p>\n
Python<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n
>>> help()\r\n\r\nWelcome to Python 3.5's help utility!\r\n\r\nIf this is your first time using Python, you should definitely check out\r\nthe tutorial on the Internet at http:\/\/docs.python.org\/3.5\/tutorial\/.\r\n\r\nEnter the name of any module, keyword, or topic to get help on writing\r\nPython programs and using Python modules.  To quit this help utility and\r\nreturn to the interpreter, just type \"quit\".\r\n\r\nTo get a list of available modules, keywords, symbols, or topics, type\r\n\"modules\", \"keywords\", \"symbols\", or \"topics\".  Each module also comes\r\nwith a one-line summary of what it does; to list the modules whose name\r\nor summary contain a given string such as \"spam\", type \"modules spam\".\r\n\r\nhelp>ufw\r\n\r\nHelp on package ufw:\r\n\r\nNAME\r\n    ufw\r\n\r\nPACKAGE CONTENTS\r\n    applications\r\n    backend\r\n    backend_iptables\r\n    common\r\n    frontend\r\n    parser\r\n    util\r\n\r\nFILE\r\n    \/usr\/lib\/python3\/dist-packages\/ufw\/__init__.py\r\n\r\n<\/pre>\n
Once again, for some it’s easier to google.<\/p>\n
2. Working with numbers<\/h2>\n
The other thing you may face is working with lists and check which element is a maximum and which one is a minimum. For those cases you should use max()<\/code> and min()<\/code>:<\/p>\n
Python<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n
exList = []\r\nnumberOfElements = int(input(\"How many numbers in your list?\"))\r\nfor x in range (numberOfElements):\r\n    x = int(input())\r\n    exList.append(x)\r\nprint(\"Your list is:\", exList)\r\nprint(\"Maximum is:\", max(exList))\r\nprint(\"Minimum is:\", min(exList))\r\n<\/pre>\n
Simple as it seems. The program asks a user to create a list and output the maximum and minimum elements.
\nAnother cool feature is rounding! So let’s use round()<\/code>!<\/p>\n
Python<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n
>>> round(4.8)\r\n5\r\n>>> round(5.212)\r\n5\r\n\r\n#let's see a trick!\r\n#What happens with round(5.5) and round(4.5)?\r\n\r\n>>>round(5.5)\r\n6\r\n>>> round(4.5)\r\n4\r\n<\/pre>\n
So the cool thing I wanted to tell you is a round()<\/code> function rounds to the closest even number! Be aware of that.
\nNow, we do know that there is math<\/code> library that has floor()<\/code> and ceil()<\/code> functions that round up and down. However, in most cases you don’t really need to use them as much.<\/p>\n
3. Data types<\/h2>\n
There is a common mistake that many novice programmers have is to not look for data types. Fortunately, Python has some great functions that can convert data into different types. Let’s create a string which we will convert into int<\/code>, bool<\/code> and float<\/code>.<\/p>\n
Python<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n
>>> var = \"12\"\r\n>>> print(float(var))\r\n12.0\r\n>>> print(bool(var))<\/pre>\n
So it’s simple as well. The main rule: as long as something can be converted to something else, it will be converted. Otherwise, you can’t convert str<\/code> “hello” to int<\/code>.<\/p>\n
4. Summary<\/h2>\n
As we can see, built-in functions are essential to know especially at the beginning. You may work with lists and arrays. If you do that, that doesn’t always mean that you should strive for using NumPy<\/code> or Pandas<\/code>. Maybe, you just need to do some basic math. However, while you are doing some math, don’t forget about data types too!
\nAs for any built-in functions which were not covered, I strongly recommend going here<\/a> or use help()<\/code>.<\/p>\n
5. Homework<\/h2>\n
There is a small homework I want you to do. Create checkABS.py<\/code> file and write a function that checks absolute value of two numbers. Example of how it can be done can be seen below:<\/p>\n
checkABS.py<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n
def checkABS(num1, num2):\r\n    if abs(num1) == abs(num2):\r\n        print(\"You put numbers that are either identical or have the same absolute value\")\r\n    else:\r\n        print(\"Numbers are different\")\r\n<\/pre>\n
The second task is to create a function that will output the maximum or minimum element in the given list. Possible solution can be seen below:<\/p>\n
checkMaxMin.py<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n
def checkMaxMin():\r\n    exList = []\r\n    numberOfElements = int(input(\"How many numbers in your list?\"))\r\n    for x in range (numberOfElements):\r\n        x = int(input())\r\n        exList.append(x)\r\n    print(exList)\r\n    question = input(\"Max or Min?\\n\")\r\n    if question.lower() == \"max\":\r\n      print(max(exList))\r\n    elif question.lower() == \"min\":\r\n      print(min(exList))\r\n    else:\r\n      print(\"Incorrect input\")\r\ncheckMaxMin()\r\n<\/pre>\n
6. Download the Source Code<\/h2>\n
All necessary code can be downloaded.<\/p>\n
Downoload<\/strong>
\nYou can download the full source code of this example here: python-built-in-functions.zip<\/strong><\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Today we will be talking about some built-in functions in Python. Why are they important to know? Well, if you do import a lot of heavy libraries for simple tasks, that will be very inefficient. A good example of that is importing NumPy just to calculate the sum of elements in a row! So basically, …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":657,"featured_media":1651,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[53],"tags":[486,308,290],"class_list":["post-18190","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-python","tag-function","tag-functional-programmig","tag-python"],"yoast_head":"\nPython Built In Functions Example - Web Code Geeks - 2026<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Built-in functions are essential things that every novice programmer should know. Do you know why? 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