Core Java APIs and programming techniques
Technologies related to Java APIs (application programming interfaces) and JDK (Java Development Kit) form the cornerstone of modern, enterprise-grade software development. Here we explore all the Java features that make the JVM great through programming tutorials, real-world code samples and expert opinions from Java champions.
Top Stories
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Feature
02 Apr 2025
Explore these 7 popular API gateway tools
Plenty of vendors have jumped on the API gateway trend, which can make it difficult to choose the right one for you. We examine the key features of seven popular gateway tools. Continue Reading
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Video
17 Mar 2025
Story points and hours of effort in Scrum
Story points and hours help Agile teams calculate the amount of work and time estimated to complete tasks. Here's how these systems are different. Continue Reading
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Video
17 Mar 2025
Story points and hours of effort in Scrum
Story points and hours help Agile teams calculate the amount of work and time estimated to complete tasks. Here's how these systems are different. Continue Reading
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Video
14 Mar 2025
Camel case vs. pascal case vs. snake case vs. kebab case
Want to know the differences between common code naming conventions like camel case, pascal case, snake case and kebab case? This quick tutorial has all the answers. Continue Reading
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Feature
13 Mar 2025
Java's naming conventions
Ever wonder what the difference is between snake case and camel case, and what are the rules to use them? Here's how to properly apply common naming conventions in Java. Continue Reading
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Video
06 Mar 2025
How to get an OpenAI API key for ChatGPT
You don't need a browser to query ChatGPT; you can do it programmatically with an OpenAI API. Follow this seven-step process to get your ChatGPT API key. Continue Reading
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Tip
05 Mar 2025
Top 5 Agile estimation techniques
Stakeholders want development teams to stick to rigid timelines, which doesn't align with Agile development. These five Agile estimation techniques can help bridge the divide. Continue Reading
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Tip
04 Mar 2025
Difference between a statement vs. expression in programming
The decision between statement-centric and expression-oriented languages can influence an individual's programming style and the code's length, complexity and security. Continue Reading
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Video
20 Feb 2025
How to use the Spring Boot application.properties file
Need to externalize database configuration? Want to customize how Spring autoconfiguration works? The key to it all is Spring's application.properties file. Here's how to use it. Continue Reading
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Video
18 Feb 2025
Run Llama LLMs on your laptop with Hugging Face and Python
How hard is it to run a large language model within a Python program? With a little help from PyTorch and the Hugging Face API, it's not hard at all. Continue Reading
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Tip
13 Feb 2025
Optimize code using binary notation
Code optimization can be more creative than compilers and instruction-level parallelism. Here are specific ways to optimize code using hardware resources with high-level languages. Continue Reading
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Video
05 Feb 2025
How to run Jenkins in a Docker container
Jenkins is arguably the world's most popular open source CI/CD tool. Docker is the most popular containerization technology. Here's how to bring the two together. Continue Reading
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Feature
29 Jan 2025
How to set JAVA_HOME in Windows
How do programs that need Java find it on your operating system? They search for JAVA_HOME. Here's how to set it up on your Windows machine. Continue Reading
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Tutorial
23 Jan 2025
JavaScript, React and object-oriented programming
This tutorial ties together JavaScript, React and object-oriented programming to show developers how to use the React framework's powerful and flexible features and functions. Continue Reading
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Video
17 Jan 2025
Install Maven on Windows
Want to get started with Maven? This step-by-step guide shows you how to install Apache Maven and build your first Java application. Continue Reading
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Tip
16 Jan 2025
The pros and cons of using generative AI for API testing
GenAI has the potential to reduce the API testing effort and improve the coverage and quality of testing. But finding the right patterns and workflows is critical to performance. Continue Reading
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Definition
16 Jan 2025
What is lazy loading?
Lazy loading is a design pattern in web development that only loads necessary code components immediately, deferring nonessential components. Continue Reading
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Blog Post
06 Jan 2025
How to download and install Java 21 on Windows
2024 is a great time to start working with Java, because 2023's Java 21 release has some amazing new features. Here's how to quickly download and install the Java 21 JDK. Continue Reading
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Tip
19 Dec 2024
A JavaScript functional programming basic tutorial
JavaScript's versatility makes it useful for webpages and web servers, but also functional programming. This tutorial shows how to implement JavaScript functional programming. Continue Reading
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Video
06 Dec 2024
Maven and Eclipse tutorial
Maven is the Java industry's most popular Java build tool. Eclipse is the Java industry's most popular open source IDE. Here's how to combine the two. Continue Reading
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Video
03 Dec 2024
Spring Boot, Hibernate, JPA and MySQL
Ever use ChatGPT to create a web-based front end for a RESTful Spring Boot back end? This fun video tutorial on Spring, Hibernate and JPA is your opportunity. Continue Reading
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Video
03 Dec 2024
How to install Python on Windows
Want to jump into the world of AI, ML and data science? Your first step is to install Python and get familiar with the Python programming language. Continue Reading
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Tip
02 Dec 2024
Webhook vs. API: Which mechanism is better?
Moving data in one direction? Choose a webhook. Need applications to communicate with each other? Use an API. But first, compare both methods in function, cost, security and more. Continue Reading
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Tip
02 Dec 2024
What's next for APIs? 4 API trends for 2025 and beyond
As businesses navigate tightening budgets and resources, the API marketplace will continue to play a vital role in integrating services, applications and cloud environments. Continue Reading
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Video
27 Nov 2024
Constructor injection vs. setter injection in Spring Boot
Ever wonder what the difference is between setter and constructor injection in Spring Boot? Here's a deep dive into the benefits and drawbacks of both. Continue Reading
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Tip
27 Nov 2024
Understanding the 7 principles of functional programming
Java and C++ ushered in object-oriented programming, but now Python and JavaScript popularize functional programming. These seven principles of functional programming explain why. Continue Reading
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Video
27 Nov 2024
Connect Java apps to ChatGPT using OpenAI and Spring Boot
AI and machine learning are not purely the domain of Python. This Spring Boot tutorial will show you how to connect your Java apps to ChatGPT in no time. Continue Reading
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Tip
26 Nov 2024
Agile estimation: Predicting the unpredictable
Agile teams' overreliance on estimates detracts from the overall goal to deliver value to the customer. Avoid these agile estimation pitfalls in your software development efforts. Continue Reading
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Video
20 Nov 2024
OpenAPI, Swagger and Python
Looking for an easy way to create, test and document your RESTful APIs written in Python? Swagger and OpenAPI make it easy. This tutorial shows you how to do it. Continue Reading
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Tip
19 Nov 2024
Top 10 Jenkins alternatives
Tired of the overhead of hosting your own Jenkins installation and looking for some alternatives? Here are 10 of the best. Continue Reading
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Tip
08 Nov 2024
Webhooks explained simply, with examples
Webhooks make significant use of basic API call mechanisms and set event triggers in a few clicks of a button -- all without the overhead of heavy request-response structures. Continue Reading
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Definition
06 Nov 2024
What is Mojo programming language and what is it used for?
Mojo is a high-performance programming language initially designed to unify and simplify the development of applications across all layers of the AI stack. Continue Reading
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Video
05 Nov 2024
Create a React Hello World program
Discover a new take on the classic React Hello World program. Go beyond the basics and explore state management, event handling and best practices to build progressive web apps. Continue Reading
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Video
01 Nov 2024
Spring Boot CRUD operations
What's your preferred approach to perform Spring CRUD operations? I always choose Spring Data's CrudRepository. Anything else is too much work. Continue Reading
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Video
01 Nov 2024
SQLite tutorial for beginners
SQLite has an incredibly small footprint. That's one of the reasons why it's the most used database engine in the world. If you've never used it before, here's your chance. Continue Reading
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Video
01 Nov 2024
Java, JDBC and Postgres
Postgres has become popular in the Java community for many reasons. The ease of integration with Java apps through JDBC is one of the biggest. Here's how it works. Continue Reading
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Blog Post
01 Nov 2024
Get started with Spring Boot 3 tutorial
Need to learn Spring Boot 3? Want to quickly build a Spring Boot app with RESTful web services? This tutorial will help you create your first Spring Boot application in just minutes. Continue Reading
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Video
31 Oct 2024
Spring Boot Actuator tutorial
What's the easiest way to get insights into how your Spring Boot applications are running? The Spring Boot Actuator is the answer. Continue Reading
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Video
31 Oct 2024
Spring Boot ConfigurationProperties tutorial
Need to convert structured data in a Spring YAML or properties file into lists, maps and inner classes? Just use the @ConfigurationProperties decoration in Spring Boot. Continue Reading
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Tip
21 Oct 2024
Rust vs. Python: Strengths, challenges and use cases
This Rust vs. Python faceoff breaks down how the two programming languages stack up against each other in terms of performance, speed, memory management and more. Continue Reading
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Video
11 Oct 2024
Git commit message conventions and best practices
Never underestimate the power of a good git commit message. Need help writing one? Here are the commonly accepted git commit message guidelines and best practices. Continue Reading
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Video
10 Oct 2024
Spring profiles in Spring Boot tutorial
Ever struggle with the constant discrepancies between dev, UAT and production? Spring profiles make such configuration issues a thing of the past. Here's how they work. Continue Reading
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Tip
08 Oct 2024
Rust vs. C++: Differences and use cases explained
C++ was mature before Rust even existed. Does that mean developers should switch from C++ to Rust? Not always. Continue Reading
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Tip
08 Oct 2024
HCL vs. JSON: Configuration language uses, pros and cons
HCL and JSON are similar configuration languages. These languages are meant for specific IaC scenarios, so companies should understand the syntax and editing tools for each. Continue Reading
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Blog Post
07 Oct 2024
Database transaction isolation levels tutorial
Repeatable? Isolated? Serializable? Uncommitted? None? Just how well do you know your database isolation levels, and how do you know if you're using the right one? Here's how you know. Continue Reading
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Tip
04 Oct 2024
How to solve the pinning problem in Java virtual threads
Virtual threads in Java offer many benefits, but they're not a drop-in replacement for traditional threads. Understand and plan around their limitations, most notably pinning. Continue Reading
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Tip
04 Oct 2024
The interface segregation principle: A fun and simple guide
Want a fun way to learn the interface segregation principle of SOLID object-oriented design? Imagine a remote control that tries to do everything but just mucks it all up. Continue Reading
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Tip
03 Oct 2024
Simplifying native interoperability in Java with JEP 454
Finalized in Java 22, JEP 454 helps developers safely and efficiently call native functions and manage memory outside of Java. Here's a rundown of how it works. Continue Reading
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Tip
03 Oct 2024
What's wrong with Java? Nothing, but evaluate alternatives
Java's benefits don't always fit a given task, and a different language might be a better choice. Use these comparisons to choose the best code for your needs. Continue Reading
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Tip
02 Oct 2024
An introduction to TypeSpec, a new API definition language
Standardizing API descriptions and converting API definitions into different formats can be challenging. TypeSpec, a new API definition language, aims to solve that. Continue Reading
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Blog Post
01 Oct 2024
Benefits of Spring Boot's application.yml file with examples
Are you still stuck in the dark ages, configuring your Spring Boot apps with application.properties files? You really should start using an appliation.yml file. Here's just a few of the benefits ... Continue Reading
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Blog Post
30 Sep 2024
Profiles, Spring Boot and application properties files
Spring profiles are a powerful and flexible tool for Java developers to build scalable, enterprise-grade applications, from customizing configurations to altering IoC behavior across environments. Continue Reading
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Tutorial
24 Sep 2024
OpenAI API tutorial: How to use AI prompt chaining
This walkthrough teaches developers how to chain AI prompts and models using the OpenAI API, in this case to identify and present specific data from William Shakespeare plays. Continue Reading
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Video
04 Sep 2024
Model-view-controller design pattern tutorial
How well do you know the MVC design pattern? The basic concept is simple, but the details trip up many developers. This deep dive explores what MVC is and how to best implement it. Continue Reading
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Video
19 Aug 2024
Spring Web MVC crash course
There's still a place in the world for server-side rendering. Learn the Java way to build HTTP responses on the server with this Spring MVC crash course for beginners. Continue Reading
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Video
16 Aug 2024
How to deploy Spring Boot apps in AWS
You don't need a Kubernetes cluster to host your cloud-native Spring Boot microservices. Learn how to quickly deploy your Spring Boot applications in AWS using ECS and Fargate. Continue Reading
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Definition
14 Aug 2024
What is an API (application programming interface)?
An application programming interface (API) is code that enables two software programs to communicate. Continue Reading
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Video
13 Aug 2024
Standalone Spring Boot console apps with CommandLineRunner
Want to create a Spring Boot application that runs at the command line? It's easy. Simply implement the CommandLineRunner interface, and override the required run method. Here's how. Continue Reading
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Video
06 Aug 2024
OpenAPI, Swagger and Spring Boot REST APIs
It's easy to integrate Swagger into your Spring Boot apps with SpringDoc's OpenAPI starter. Code generation, documenting REST APIs and testing endpoints has never been easier. Continue Reading
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Video
29 Jul 2024
Java tic-tac-toe game coding tutorial
What's the best way to learn how to program? Code up some of your favorite childhood games. Here, we'll show you how to code a tic-tac-toe game in Java. Continue Reading
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Tutorial
29 Jul 2024
Natural language programming using GPTScript
GPTScript enables programmers to use natural language syntax and tap into OpenAI when building apps. Here's a basic GPTScript tutorial with examples for beginners. Continue Reading
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Definition
26 Jul 2024
What is a bitwise operator?
A bitwise operator is a character that represents an action taken on data at the bit level, as opposed to bytes or larger units of data. Continue Reading
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Video
19 Jul 2024
GET vs. POST: What's the difference?
POST and GET are the two most-used RESTful HTTP methods. But how well versed are you on the differences between them? Continue Reading
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Video
18 Jul 2024
How to apply the Liskov substitution principle in Java
The Liskov substitution principle is often mistaken for polymorphism and inheritance. To really understand the SOLID LSP, you must understand the nuance and distinction. Continue Reading
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Video
17 Jul 2024
How to install MySQL on Windows
Need a well-maintained, open-source, standards-based database to test your Java apps and Spring Boot microservices? Here's how to download and install the MySQL Community Edition. Continue Reading
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Tutorial
12 Jul 2024
Using generics in Typescript: An in-depth tutorial
Generic variables give the TypeScript language versatility and compile-time type safety that put it on par with Java, C# and C++. These examples show how to use TypeScript generics. Continue Reading
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Video
09 Jul 2024
Python's GIL removal is a poison pill and benefits Mojo
Developers have pleaded for 30 years for the stewards of the language to remove Python's GIL. If they do it now, it will be the end of Python. Continue Reading
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Tip
03 Jul 2024
Top benefits of the Zig programming language
Does the world really need another programming language? Yes, say developers behind Zig. Here are five of the top features Zig brings to the programming world. Continue Reading
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Tip
03 Jul 2024
How to use parallel streams in Java with virtual threads
Virtual threads in Java currently lack integration with the stream API, particularly for parallel streams. Here's how a JDK 22 preview feature addresses the problem. Continue Reading
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Video
20 Jun 2024
No-GIL Python is a mistake
Python's GIL is slated for the chopping block, and while the promise is improved performance, the reality of removing the GIL may be quite different. Continue Reading
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Blog Post
18 Jun 2024
Code a tic-tac-toe game in Java
The best way to learn to code? Code up some fun games from your childhood. Here's how to code the popular tic-tac-toe game in Java. Continue Reading
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Tip
14 Jun 2024
ORM vs. SQL: When to use each
Object relational mapping and raw SQL are two different ways to interact with relational databases. Learn when to use each of the two methods and when using both is appropriate. Continue Reading
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Tip
10 Jun 2024
5 Java ORM tools to know
ORMs are a popular method for connecting to databases from Java. Consider the tradeoffs of these ORM tools to decide which tool to run with. Continue Reading
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Tip
05 Jun 2024
Advanced Java pattern matching techniques, with examples
Dive deeper into Java pattern matching techniques with these examples that range from nested records to type inference, variables and generics. Continue Reading
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Video
30 May 2024
Constructor overloading in Java
Not every language supports method overloading, but Java always has. Here's how to perform constructor overloading in Java. Continue Reading
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Tip
28 May 2024
4 distributed ledger technology risks and how to solve them
Ready to use distributed ledger technologies for smart contracts or other transactions? Know what risks to avoid and overcome to maximize these platforms for your organization. Continue Reading
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Tip
23 May 2024
Introduction to pattern matching in Java
Pattern matching in Java helps developers better describe data structures and avoid runtime errors, while making code more readable and easier to maintain. Here's how it works. Continue Reading
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Tip
10 May 2024
An introduction to the RESTful API Modeling Language (RAML)
The RESTful API Modeling Language, or RAML, can be a powerful tool for developers looking to create an efficient, standardized API management strategy. Continue Reading
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Video
10 May 2024
Java records tutorial
Java is constantly evolving, but some changes are more significant than others. This Java records tutorial teaches you about this decade's largest language enhancement to date. Continue Reading
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Video
01 May 2024
Java's default constructor tutorial
They say you don't get anything for free, but in the world of software development, Java developers can use the default constructor without paying any price. Continue Reading
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Tip
01 May 2024
Use sealed classes in Java to control your inheritance
Need to limit the number of possible subclasses in your codebase? Here comes Java's sealed classes to your rescue. Continue Reading
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Tip
29 Apr 2024
Know how and when to use blockchain vs. distributed ledgers
Blockchain and distributed ledgers are similar but not quite synonymous. Learn their differences and how they are used, including together, for transactions and data storage. Continue Reading
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Tip
11 Apr 2024
Speed up Python and NumPy by avoiding the conversion tax
Data and memory transfers in Python come with a hidden performance tax. Here's how to use NumPy for optimal performance by avoiding jumps across a hidden line of conversions. Continue Reading
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Tip
09 Apr 2024
5 code refactoring patterns, with examples
First-time finished code is rarely elegant or maintainable. Refactoring helps keep a growing codebase maintainable and extendable over time -- as long as you know where to stop. Continue Reading
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Video
09 Apr 2024
Top REST API URL naming convention standards
There is no official REST URL naming standard. However, these 15 RESTful API naming conventions will help you create highly interoperable web services. Continue Reading
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Blog Post
08 Apr 2024
Worlds toughest core Java interview question
The trickiest Java interview question ever asked? In five words or less, explain the red 'x' the Eclipse IDE displays at the end of the provided Java code snippet. Continue Reading
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Video
04 Apr 2024
10 constructor types in Java
How many different types of Java constructors could you name? The Java spec names 10. Generic, canonical and anonymous Java constructor types just might be new to you. Continue Reading
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Video
04 Apr 2024
How Java 17 records work
Devs aren't using Java 17 records nearly enough. With the power to clean up your code and make your apps faster, Java records should be the norm and not the exception. Continue Reading
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Video
01 Apr 2024
How to use Git's 'set upstream push' command
Need to fix the 'no upstream branch' error message? Then you need to run the 'git set upstream push' command. Here's how. Continue Reading
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Tutorial
27 Mar 2024
How the saga design pattern in microservices works
When a sequence of steps must be performed to support an operation, the microservices saga design pattern is a perfect fit. Continue Reading
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Definition
25 Mar 2024
Spring Framework (Spring)
The Spring Framework (Spring) is an open source software development framework that provides infrastructure support for building Java-based applications on any deployment platform. Continue Reading
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Video
19 Mar 2024
Learn Maven tutorial for beginners
Apache Maven is the Java world's most popular build tool, and if you're a Java developer, it behooves you to learn it. This Maven tutorial will make you an expert in a hurry. Continue Reading
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Video
12 Mar 2024
Full Java constructors tutorial
How well do you know how Java constructors work? This quick Java constructors tutorial teaches you about defaults, overloading, initializing and parameterizing constructors in Java. Continue Reading
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Definition
05 Mar 2024
EAI (enterprise application integration)
Enterprise application integration (EAI) is the process of connecting an organization's business applications, services, databases and other systems into an integrating framework that facilitates communications and interoperability. Continue Reading
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Blog Post
04 Mar 2024
Best crash course to learn Jenkins from scratch
Need to learn Jenkins CI fast? This Jenkins tutorial will quickly get you up to speed on how to use the popular CI/CD tool. Continue Reading
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Blog Post
27 Feb 2024
Brackets vs braces vs parentheses: What's the difference?
Stop using the terms square brackets, round brackets and squiggly brackets. Use the terms braces, brackets and parenthesis instead. Here's the difference between them. Continue Reading
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Video
22 Feb 2024
Why we use static final in Java for constants
Java doesn't have global constants per se, but it does have static final variables. Here we explore how these two keywords make a variable constant in Java. Continue Reading
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Definition
15 Feb 2024
event handler
In programming, an event handler is a callback routine that operates asynchronously once an event takes place. Continue Reading
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Blog Post
14 Feb 2024
String to long in Java
The correct way to convert a String to long in Java is with the parseLong method of the wrapper class. The constructor conversion approach is deprecated! Use parseLong instead. Continue Reading
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Blog Post
02 Feb 2024
How to unstage a file in Git
Want to unstage a file in Git? Use the restore command. Other options to have Git remove a file from the staging index have unintended consequences you'd really rather avoid. Continue Reading
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Blog Post
01 Feb 2024
Why the Java const keyword is unimplemented
Why is the const keyword in Java not implemented? It's part of the language, but it can't be used to make a variable constant. Here's why const is included in Java, and why Java's const keyword is ... Continue Reading
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Tip
30 Jan 2024
2024 technology predictions around AI, Mojo and blockchain
Blockchain, AI, anti-competitive activity and the new programming language Mojo are sure to fill the headlines in 2024. Continue Reading