{"id":1907,"date":"2016-10-24T17:15:22","date_gmt":"2016-10-24T14:15:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.systemcodegeeks.com\/?p=1907"},"modified":"2016-10-23T11:28:07","modified_gmt":"2016-10-23T08:28:07","slug":"linux-box-router","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.systemcodegeeks.com\/linux\/linux-box-router\/","title":{"rendered":"Linux Box as Router"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>In continuation of my previous posts where i\u2019m create a distributed cloud infrastructure i need to connect VM\u2019s on multiple Host Machines<\/p>\n<p>Pre knowledge of routing (IPTables) and networking is required for information below. Technically this is what containers like docker or software routers do internally when they need to connect 2 different network\u2019s<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.systemcodegeeks.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/distributedhostrouting.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1913\" src=\"http:\/\/www.systemcodegeeks.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/distributedhostrouting.png\" alt=\"distributedhostrouting\" width=\"700\" height=\"256\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.systemcodegeeks.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/distributedhostrouting.png 700w, https:\/\/www.systemcodegeeks.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/distributedhostrouting-300x110.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Lets assume<\/p>\n<p>HostMachine1 has VM\u2019s on network 10.0.0.1\/24<br \/>\nHostMachine2 has VM\u2019s on network 192.168.0.1\/24<\/p>\n<p>Now our Gateway1 and Gateway2 have 2 Network Interfaces\/NIC cards.<\/p>\n<p>Gateway1 and Gateway2 are connected by switch hence on same network as well as their respective VM networks as they have 2 NIC cards connected.<\/p>\n<p>Let assume Gateway1 has IP 10.0.0.2<br \/>\nLet assume Gateway2 has IP 192.168.0.2<\/p>\n<p>Both Gateway1 and Gateway2 can connect to each other as they are directly connected.<\/p>\n<p>My Current Configuration on Gateway1 which is our target router and i\u2019ve below Network Interfaces on that<\/p>\n<pre class=\"brush:bash\">enp0s9: &lt;BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP&gt; mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000\r\n    link\/ether 08:00:27:9d:08:3f brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff\r\n    inet 10.0.0.169\/24 brd 10.0.0.255 scope global enp0s9\r\n       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever\r\n    inet6 fe80::a00:27ff:fe9d:83f\/64 scope link\r\n       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever\r\n enp0s10: &lt;BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP&gt; mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000\r\n    link\/ether 08:00:27:7b:12:89 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff\r\n    inet 192.168.1.120\/16 brd 192.168.255.255 scope global enp0s10\r\n       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever\r\n    inet6 fe80::a00:27ff:fe7b:1289\/64 scope link<\/pre>\n<p>Now we need to add routing table configurations on either gateway1 or gateway2 to forward packets from one network to another.<\/p>\n<p>We can do this 2 ways.<\/p>\n<p>Either by creating network bridge<\/p>\n<pre class=\"brush:bash\"># Install brige utils that gives us easy commands to creatr bridge network\r\napt-get install bridge-utils\r\nor\r\nyum install bridge-utils\r\n\r\n# Create new Bridge\r\nbrctl addbr br0\r\n\r\n# Enable Spanning Tree Support if you need\r\nbrctl stp br0 on\r\n\r\n# Make sure you get your Devices down before creating bridge and explicity assign 0.0.0.0 to make sure they loose ip\r\nifconfig enp0s9 0.0.0.0 down\r\nifconfig enp0s10 0.0.0.0 down\r\n\r\n# Add them to our newly created bridge network\r\nbrctl addif br0 enp0s9\r\nbrctl addif br0 enp0s10\r\n\r\n# Finally get all interfaces up.\r\nifconfig enp0s9 up\r\nifconfig enp0s10 up\r\nifconfig br0 up<\/pre>\n<p>or<\/p>\n<p>by modifying routing table. I\u2019m explaining second concept here<\/p>\n<p>Enable forwarding in the kernel:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"brush:bash\">echo 1 &gt;&gt; \/proc\/sys\/net\/ipv4\/ip_forward<\/pre>\n<p>To set this value on boot uncomment this line in\/etc\/sysctl.conf<\/p>\n<p>#net.ipv4.ip_forward=1<\/p>\n<p>Now i need to route traffic from one Interface to another using routing tables<br \/>\nBelow are statements that can do that<\/p>\n<pre class=\"brush:bash\"># Always accept loopback traffic\r\niptables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT\r\n\r\n# We allow traffic from the HostMachine1 side\r\niptables -A INPUT -i enp0s9  -j ACCEPT\r\n\r\n# We allow traffic from the HostMachine2 side\r\niptables -A INPUT -i enp0s10  -j ACCEPT\r\n\r\n######################################################################\r\n#\r\n#                         ROUTING\r\n#\r\n######################################################################\r\n\r\n# enp0s9 is HostMachine1 Network\r\n# enp0s10 is HostMachine2 Network\r\n\r\n# Allow established connections\r\niptables -A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT\r\n\r\n# Masquerade.\r\niptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o enp0s10  -j MASQUERADE\r\n\r\n# fowarding\r\niptables -A FORWARD -i enp0s9 -o enp0s10  -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT\r\n\r\n# Allow outgoing connections from the HostMachine1 side.\r\niptables -A FORWARD -i enp0s10 -o enp0s9  -j ACCEPT<\/pre>\n<p>Finally on HostMachine1 route all traffic on subnet 192.168.0.1\/24 to Gateway1<\/p>\n<p>I use Mac as one my host machine hence below command<\/p>\n<p>sudo route -n add 192.168.1.1\/24 10.0.0.169<\/p>\n<p>If you are using any *nix systems command would be<\/p>\n<p>ip route add 192.168.1.1\/24 via 10.0.0.169 dev<\/p>\n<div class=\"attribution\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"reference\">Reference: <\/span><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/ashwinrayaprolu.wordpress.com\/2016\/10\/20\/linux-box-as-router\/\">Linux Box as Router<\/a> from our <a href=\"http:\/\/www.systemcodegeeks.com\/join-us\/scg\/\">SCG partner<\/a> Ashwin Kumar at the <a href=\"http:\/\/ashwinrayaprolu.wordpress.com\/\">Technology Portal<\/a> blog.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In continuation of my previous posts where i\u2019m create a distributed cloud infrastructure i need to connect VM\u2019s on multiple Host Machines Pre knowledge of routing (IPTables) and networking is required for information below. Technically this is what containers like docker or software routers do internally when they need to connect 2 different network\u2019s Lets &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":33,"featured_media":192,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1907","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-linux"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Linux Box as Router - System Code Geeks - 2026<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"In continuation of my previous posts where i\u2019m create a distributed cloud infrastructure i need to connect VM\u2019s on multiple Host Machines Pre knowledge of\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.systemcodegeeks.com\/linux\/linux-box-router\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Linux Box as Router - System Code Geeks - 2026\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"In continuation of my previous posts where i\u2019m create a distributed cloud infrastructure i need to connect VM\u2019s on multiple Host Machines Pre knowledge of\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.systemcodegeeks.com\/linux\/linux-box-router\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"System Code Geeks\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/systemcodegeeks\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2016-10-24T14:15:22+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.systemcodegeeks.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/linux-logo.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"150\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"150\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Ashwin Kumar\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@systemcodegeeks\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@systemcodegeeks\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Ashwin Kumar\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.systemcodegeeks.com\/linux\/linux-box-router\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.systemcodegeeks.com\/linux\/linux-box-router\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Ashwin Kumar\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.systemcodegeeks.com\/#\/schema\/person\/5892b539fc4bffe2c42437203e50fb49\"},\"headline\":\"Linux Box as Router\",\"datePublished\":\"2016-10-24T14:15:22+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.systemcodegeeks.com\/linux\/linux-box-router\/\"},\"wordCount\":291,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.systemcodegeeks.com\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.systemcodegeeks.com\/linux\/linux-box-router\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.systemcodegeeks.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/linux-logo.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Linux\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.systemcodegeeks.com\/linux\/linux-box-router\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.systemcodegeeks.com\/linux\/linux-box-router\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.systemcodegeeks.com\/linux\/linux-box-router\/\",\"name\":\"Linux Box as Router - 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