{"id":481,"date":"2016-04-04T14:54:54","date_gmt":"2016-04-04T14:54:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sqltutorial.org\/?page_id=481"},"modified":"2025-01-25T03:05:32","modified_gmt":"2025-01-25T10:05:32","slug":"sql-case","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.sqltutorial.org\/sql-case\/","title":{"rendered":"SQL CASE Expression"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Summary<\/strong>: in this tutorial, you will learn how to use the SQL <code>CASE<\/code> expression to add if-else logic to the SQL statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id='introduction-to-sql-case-expression'>Introduction to SQL CASE expression <a href=\"#introduction-to-sql-case-expression\" class=\"anchor\" id=\"introduction-to-sql-case-expression\" title=\"Anchor for Introduction to SQL CASE expression\">#<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The <code>CASE<\/code> expression allows you to add if-else logic to queries, making them more powerful. The <code>CASE<\/code> expression has two forms:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Simple <code>CASE<\/code> expression.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Searched <code>CASE<\/code> expression.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>SQL allows you to use the <code>CASE<\/code> expression in the places where you can use an expression. For example, you can use the <code>CASE<\/code> expression in the clauses such as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sqltutorial.org\/sql-select\/\">SELECT<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sqltutorial.org\/sql-order-by\/\">ORDER BY<\/a>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sqltutorial.org\/sql-having\/\">HAVING<\/a> of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sqltutorial.org\/sql-select\/\">SELECT<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sqltutorial.org\/sql-delete\/\">DELETE<\/a>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sqltutorial.org\/sql-update\/\">UPDATE<\/a> statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id='simple-case-expression'>Simple CASE expression <a href=\"#simple-case-expression\" class=\"anchor\" id=\"simple-case-expression\" title=\"Anchor for Simple CASE expression\">#<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Here&#8217;s the syntax of the simple <code>CASE<\/code> expression:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-1\" data-shcb-language-name=\"SQL (Structured Query Language)\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"sql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-sql\">CASE expression\n  WHEN when_expression_1 THEN result_1\n  WHEN when_expression_2 THEN result_2\n  WHEN when_expression_3 THEN result_3\n  ELSE else_result\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">END<\/span><\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-1\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">SQL (Structured Query Language)<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">sql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>The <code>CASE<\/code> expression compares an expression to a set of expressions (<code>when_expression_1<\/code>, <code>when_expression_2<\/code>, <code>when_expression_3<\/code>, &#8230;) using the equality operator (=).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The <code>CASE<\/code> statement returns the <code>result_1<\/code>, <code>result_2<\/code>, or <code>result_3<\/code> if the <code>expression<\/code> matches the corresponding expression in the <code>WHEN<\/code> clause.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If the <code>expression<\/code> does not match any expression in the <code>WHEN<\/code> clause, it returns the <code>else_result<\/code> in the <code>ELSE<\/code> clause.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The <code>ELSE<\/code> clause is optional. If you omit the <code>ELSE<\/code> clause and the expression does not match any expression in the <code>WHEN<\/code> clauses, the <code>CASE<\/code> expression returns <code>NULL<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id='simple-case-expression-example'>Simple CASE expression example <a href=\"#simple-case-expression-example\" class=\"anchor\" id=\"simple-case-expression-example\" title=\"Anchor for Simple CASE expression example\">#<\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Let&#8217;s take a look at the employees table.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"169\" height=\"273\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sqltutorial.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/employees.png\" alt=\"employees_table\" class=\"wp-image-237\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>The following statement uses a simple CASE expression to get the work anniversaries of employees in the year of 2000:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-2\" data-shcb-language-name=\"SQL (Structured Query Language)\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"sql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-sql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">SELECT<\/span>\n  first_name,\n  last_name,\n  hire_date,\n  <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">CASE<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-number\">2000<\/span> - <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">EXTRACT<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">YEAR<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">FROM<\/span> hire_date)\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">WHEN<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">THEN<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-string\">'1 year'<\/span>\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">WHEN<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-number\">3<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">THEN<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-string\">'3 years'<\/span>\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">WHEN<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-number\">5<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">THEN<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-string\">'5 years'<\/span>\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">WHEN<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-number\">10<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">THEN<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-string\">'10 years'<\/span>\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">WHEN<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-number\">15<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">THEN<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-string\">'15 years'<\/span>\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">WHEN<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-number\">20<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">THEN<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-string\">'20 years'<\/span>\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">WHEN<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-number\">25<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">THEN<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-string\">'25 years'<\/span>\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">WHEN<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-number\">30<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">THEN<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-string\">'30 years'<\/span>\n  <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">END<\/span> anniversary\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">FROM<\/span>\n  employees\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">ORDER<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">BY<\/span>\n  first_name;<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-2\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">SQL (Structured Query Language)<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">sql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sqltutorial.org\/playground\/?q=U0VMRUNUIGZpcnN0X25hbWUsIGxhc3RfbmFtZSwgaGlyZV9kYXRlLCBDQVNFIDIwMDAgLSBFWFRSQUNUKFlFQVIgRlJPTSBoaXJlX2RhdGUpIFdIRU4gMSBUSEVOICcxIHllYXInIFdIRU4gMyBUSEVOICczIHllYXJzJyBXSEVOIDUgVEhFTiAnNSB5ZWFycycgV0hFTiAxMCBUSEVOICcxMCB5ZWFycycgV0hFTiAxNSBUSEVOICcxNSB5ZWFycycgV0hFTiAyMCBUSEVOICcyMCB5ZWFycycgV0hFTiAyNSBUSEVOICcyNSB5ZWFycycgV0hFTiAzMCBUSEVOICczMCB5ZWFycycgRU5EIGFuaXZlcnNhcnkgRlJPTSBlbXBsb3llZXMgT1JERVIgQlkgZmlyc3RfbmFtZTs%3D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Try it<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-3\" data-shcb-language-name=\"SQL (Structured Query Language)\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"sql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-sql\"> first_name  |  last_name  | hire_date  | anniversary\n<span class=\"hljs-comment\">-------------+-------------+------------+------------<\/span>\n Adam        | Fripp       | 1997-04-10 | 3 years\n Alexander   | Hunold      | 1990-01-03 | 10 years\n Alexander   | Khoo        | 1995-05-18 | 5 years\n Britney     | Everett     | 1997-03-03 | 3 years\n Bruce       | Ernst       | 1991-05-21 | NULL\n Charles     | Johnson     | 2000-01-04 | NULL\n Daniel      | Faviet      | 1994-08-16 | NULL\n...<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-3\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">SQL (Structured Query Language)<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">sql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>The <code><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sqltutorial.org\/sql-date-functions\/sql-extract\/\">EXTRACT<\/a><\/code> function extracts the year from the hire date. The following expression subtracts the hire year from the year 2000 to get the total number of years an employee has worked for the company until 2000:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-4\" data-shcb-language-name=\"SQL (Structured Query Language)\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"sql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-sql\">2000 - EXTRACT(YEAR FROM hire_date)<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-4\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">SQL (Structured Query Language)<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">sql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>The <code>CASE<\/code> expression compares the years of service with 1, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If the years of service equals one of these numbers, it returns the work anniversary of the employee. Otherwise, it returns <code>NULL<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To retrieve employees who have a work anniversary in 2000, you can filter out NULL from the result set:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-5\" data-shcb-language-name=\"SQL (Structured Query Language)\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"sql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-sql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">WITH<\/span> work_anniversary_employees <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">AS<\/span> (\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">SELECT<\/span>\n  first_name,\n  last_name,\n  hire_date,\n  <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">CASE<\/span> (<span class=\"hljs-number\">2000<\/span> - <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">EXTRACT<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">YEAR<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">FROM<\/span> hire_date))\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">WHEN<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">THEN<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-string\">'1 year'<\/span>\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">WHEN<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-number\">3<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">THEN<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-string\">'3 years'<\/span>\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">WHEN<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-number\">5<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">THEN<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-string\">'5 years'<\/span>\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">WHEN<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-number\">10<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">THEN<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-string\">'10 years'<\/span>\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">WHEN<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-number\">15<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">THEN<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-string\">'15 years'<\/span>\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">WHEN<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-number\">20<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">THEN<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-string\">'20 years'<\/span>\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">WHEN<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-number\">25<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">THEN<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-string\">'25 years'<\/span>\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">WHEN<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-number\">30<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">THEN<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-string\">'30 years'<\/span>\n  <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">END<\/span> anniversary\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">FROM<\/span>\n  employees\n) \n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">SELECT<\/span> first_name, last_name, hire_date, anniversary\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">FROM<\/span>  work_anniversary_employees\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">WHERE<\/span> anniversary <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">IS<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">NOT<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-literal\">NULL<\/span>;<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-5\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">SQL (Structured Query Language)<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">sql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>Output:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-6\" data-shcb-language-name=\"SQL (Structured Query Language)\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"sql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-sql\"> first_name | last_name  | hire_date  | anniversary\n<span class=\"hljs-comment\">------------+------------+------------+-------------<\/span>\n Alexander  | Hunold     | 1990-01-03 | 10 years\n David      | Austin     | 1997-06-25 | 3 years\n Diana      | Lorentz    | 1999-02-07 | 1 year\n John       | Chen       | 1997-09-28 | 3 years\n Ismael     | Sciarra    | 1997-09-30 | 3 years\n Luis       | Popp       | 1999-12-07 | 1 year\n...<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-6\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">SQL (Structured Query Language)<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">sql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id='searched-case-expression'>Searched CASE expression <a href=\"#searched-case-expression\" class=\"anchor\" id=\"searched-case-expression\" title=\"Anchor for Searched CASE expression\">#<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Here&#8217;s the syntax of the searched <code>CASE<\/code> expression:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-7\" data-shcb-language-name=\"SQL (Structured Query Language)\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"sql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-sql\">CASE\n  WHEN boolean_expression_1 THEN result_1\n  WHEN boolean_expression_2 THEN result_2\n  WHEN boolean_expression_3 THEN result_3\n  ELSE else_result\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">END<\/span>;<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-7\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">SQL (Structured Query Language)<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">sql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>In this syntax, the <code>CASE<\/code> expression evaluates the boolean expressions in each <code>WHEN<\/code> clause from top to bottom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If the expression is <code>true<\/code>, the searched <code>CASE<\/code> statement returns the result in the corresponding <code>THEN<\/code> clause.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If no expression evaluates to <code>true<\/code>, the <code>CASE<\/code> expression returns the <code>else_result<\/code> in the <code>ELSE<\/code> clause.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Like the simple <code>CASE<\/code> expression, the <code>ELSE<\/code> clause is optional. If you omit it and no Boolean expression evaluates to <code>true<\/code>, the <code>CASE<\/code> expression returns <code>NULL<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Note that the simple <code>CASE<\/code> expression evaluates one boolean expression whereas the searched <code>CASE<\/code> expression evaluates multiple boolean expressions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id='searched-case-expression-example'>Searched CASE expression example <a href=\"#searched-case-expression-example\" class=\"anchor\" id=\"searched-case-expression-example\" title=\"Anchor for Searched CASE expression example\">#<\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The following query uses the searched <code>CASE<\/code> expression to rank employee&#8217;s salary:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-8\" data-shcb-language-name=\"SQL (Structured Query Language)\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"sql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-sql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">SELECT<\/span>\n  first_name,\n  last_name,\n  <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">CASE<\/span>\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">WHEN<\/span> salary &lt; <span class=\"hljs-number\">3000<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">THEN<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-string\">'Low'<\/span>\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">WHEN<\/span> salary &gt;= <span class=\"hljs-number\">3000<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">AND<\/span> salary &lt;= <span class=\"hljs-number\">5000<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">THEN<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-string\">'Medium'<\/span>\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">WHEN<\/span> salary &gt; <span class=\"hljs-number\">5000<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">THEN<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-string\">'High'<\/span>\n  <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">END<\/span> salary_ranking\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">FROM<\/span>\n  employees\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">ORDER<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">BY<\/span>\n  first_name;<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-8\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">SQL (Structured Query Language)<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">sql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sqltutorial.org\/playground\/?q=U0VMRUNUIGZpcnN0X25hbWUsIGxhc3RfbmFtZSwgQ0FTRSBXSEVOIHNhbGFyeSA8IDMwMDAgVEhFTiAnTG93JyBXSEVOIHNhbGFyeSA%2BPSAzMDAwIEFORCBzYWxhcnkgPD0gNTAwMCBUSEVOICdNZWRpdW0nIFdIRU4gc2FsYXJ5ID4gNTAwMCBUSEVOICdIaWdoJyBFTkQgc2FsYXJ5X3JhbmtpbmcgRlJPTSBlbXBsb3llZXMgT1JERVIgQlkgZmlyc3RfbmFtZTs%3D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Try it<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Output:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-9\" data-shcb-language-name=\"SQL (Structured Query Language)\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"sql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-sql\"> first_name  |  last_name  | salary_ranking\n<span class=\"hljs-comment\">-------------+-------------+----------------<\/span>\n Adam        | Fripp       | High\n Alexander   | Hunold      | High\n Alexander   | Khoo        | Medium\n Britney     | Everett     | Medium\n Bruce       | Ernst       | High\n Charles     | Johnson     | High\n Daniel      | Faviet      | High\n David       | Austin      | Medium\n...<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-9\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">SQL (Structured Query Language)<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">sql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>In this example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>If the salary is less than <code>3000<\/code>, the <code>CASE<\/code> expression returns &#8220;<code>Low<\/code>&#8220;.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>If the salary is between <code>3000<\/code> and <code>5000<\/code>, it returns &#8220;<code>Medium<\/code>&#8220;.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>When the salary is greater than <code>5000<\/code>, the <code>CASE<\/code> expression returns &#8220;<code>High<\/code>&#8220;.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id='summary'>Summary <a href=\"#summary\" class=\"anchor\" id=\"summary\" title=\"Anchor for Summary\">#<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Use the <code>CASE<\/code> expression to add if-else logic to your query.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Use simple <code>CASE<\/code> expression to evaluate one expression.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Use searched <code>CASE<\/code> expression to evaluate multiple expressions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id='databases'>Databases <a href=\"#databases\" class=\"anchor\" id=\"databases\" title=\"Anchor for Databases\">#<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pgtutorial.com\/postgresql-tutorial\/postgresql-case\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">PostgreSQL CASE Expression<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mysqltutorial.org\/mysql-control-flow-functions\/mysql-case-function\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">MySQL CASE Expression<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sqlitetutorial.net\/sqlite-case\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">SQLite CASE Expression<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.oracletutorial.com\/oracle-basics\/oracle-case\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Oracle CASE Expression<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sqlservertutorial.net\/sql-server-basics\/sql-server-case\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">SQL Server CASE Expression<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.db2tutorial.com\/db2-basics\/db2-case-expression\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Db2 CASE Expression<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id='quiz'>Quiz <a href=\"#quiz\" class=\"anchor\" id=\"quiz\" title=\"Anchor for Quiz\">#<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\"\n  name=\"quiz\"\n  src=\"\/quiz\/?quiz=case\"\n  height=\"700\"\n  width=\"600\"\n  class=\"iframe\"\n><\/iframe>\n\n\n<div class=\"helpful-block-content\" data-title=\"\">\n\t<header>\n\t\t<div class=\"wth-question\">Was this tutorial helpful ?<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"wth-thumbs\">\n\t\t\t<button\n\t\t\t\tdata-post=\"481\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-post-url=\"https:\/\/www.sqltutorial.org\/sql-case\/\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-post-title=\"SQL CASE Expression\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-response=\"1\"\n\t\t\t\tclass=\"wth-btn-rounded wth-yes-btn\"\n\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t<svg\n\t\t\t\t\txmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"\n\t\t\t\t\tviewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n\t\t\t\t\tfill=\"none\"\n\t\t\t\t\tstroke=\"currentColor\"\n\t\t\t\t\tstroke-width=\"2\"\n\t\t\t\t\tstroke-linecap=\"round\"\n\t\t\t\t\tstroke-linejoin=\"round\"\n\t\t\t\t\tclass=\"feather feather-thumbs-up block w-full 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