{"id":4227,"date":"2024-07-25T14:42:12","date_gmt":"2024-07-25T07:42:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.sqlservertutorial.net\/?page_id=4227"},"modified":"2024-07-29T07:46:28","modified_gmt":"2024-07-29T00:46:28","slug":"java-connect-to-sql-server","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.sqlservertutorial.net\/java-sql-server\/java-connect-to-sql-server\/","title":{"rendered":"How to Connect to SQL Server from Java using JDBC"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Summary<\/strong>: in this tutorial, you will learn how to connect to the SQL Server from a Java program.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Checking Java & JDK #<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Step 1. Open a terminal on your computer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Step 2. Run the following command:<\/p>\n\n\n

java -version<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> Java<\/span> (<\/span>java<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
It’ll return the following information like this:<\/p>\n\n\n
java version \"22.0.2\"<\/span> 2024<\/span>-07-16\nJava<\/span>(TM)<\/span> SE Runtime Environment<\/span> (build 22.0<\/span>.2<\/span>+9<\/span>-70<\/span>)<\/span>\nJava HotSpot<\/span>(TM)<\/span> 64-Bit Server VM<\/span> (build 22.0<\/span>.2<\/span>+9<\/span>-70<\/span>, mixed mode, sharing)<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> Java<\/span> (<\/span>java<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
The output shows the Java version 22.0.2<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n
To verify the JDK compiler, you can issue the javac<\/code> command:<\/p>\n\n\n
javac -version<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> Java<\/span> (<\/span>java<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
Output:<\/p>\n\n\n
javac 22.0<\/span>.2<\/span><\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> Java<\/span> (<\/span>java<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
Downloading Microsoft JDBC Driver for SQL Server #<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Step 1. Open the Download Microsoft JDBC Driver for SQL Server page<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Step 2. Download Microsoft JDBC Driver for SQL Server.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Step 3. Unzip the download file and copy the file mssql-jdbc-12.6.3.jre11.jar<\/code> to a directory such as D:\\jdbc driver\\mssql<\/code>. We’ll add this file to the library of a Java project in the next step.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Creating a new SQL Server database #<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
We’ll create a new database on the local SQL Server called BookStore<\/code><\/a>. Please follow this tutorial<\/a> to create it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Creating a new Java Project #<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Step 1. Launch the IntelliJ IDE.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Step 2. Create a new project called SQLServerJava<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Step 3. Right-click the project name and choose the Open Module Settings<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Step 4. Choose the Libraries<\/strong> under Project Settings <\/strong>and click New Project Library<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Step 5. Select the Microsoft JDBC Driver for the SQL Server file D:\\jdbc driver\\mssql\\mssql-jdbc-12.6.3.jre11.jar<\/code> and click the OK button.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Creating a Java Program #<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Step 1. In the src<\/code> directory, create a new file Main.java<\/code> that stores the Main<\/code> class:<\/p>\n\n\n
import<\/span> java.sql.DriverManager;\nimport<\/span> java.sql.SQLException;\n\npublic<\/span> class<\/span> Main<\/span> <\/span>{\n    public<\/span> static<\/span> void<\/span> main<\/span>(String[] args)<\/span> <\/span>{\n        \/\/ Register JDBC driver<\/span>\n        try<\/span> {\n            Class.forName(\"com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver\"<\/span>);\n        } catch<\/span> (ClassNotFoundException e) {\n            System.err.println(\"SQL exception occurred while connecting to the SQL Server.\"<\/span>);\n            e.printStackTrace();\n            return<\/span>;\n        }\n\n        \/\/ Connect to the SQL Server<\/span>\n        var<\/span> url = \"jdbc:sqlserver:\/\/localhost:1433;databaseName=BookStore;encrypt=true;trustServerCertificate=true;\"<\/span>;\n        var<\/span> user = \"joe\"<\/span>;\n        var<\/span> password = \"YourPassword\"<\/span>;\n\n        try<\/span> (var<\/span> connection = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password)) {\n            System.out.println(\"Connected to the SQL Server database successfully.\"<\/span>);\n        } catch<\/span> (SQLException e) {\n            System.err.println(\"SQL exception occurred while connecting to the SQL Server.\"<\/span>);\n            e.printStackTrace();\n        }\n    }\n}<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> Java<\/span> (<\/span>java<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
How it works.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
First, import DriverManager<\/code> and SQLException<\/code> classes from the java.sql<\/code> package:<\/p>\n\n\n
import<\/span> java.sql.DriverManager;\nimport<\/span> java.sql.SQLException;<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> Java<\/span> (<\/span>java<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
Second, register the JDBC driver:<\/p>\n\n\n
try<\/span> {\n    Class.forName(\"com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver\"<\/span>);\n} catch<\/span> (ClassNotFoundException e) {\n    System.err.println(\"SQL exception occurred while connecting to the SQL Server.\"<\/span>);\n    e.printStackTrace();\n    return<\/span>;\n}<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> Java<\/span> (<\/span>java<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
Third, initialize the url<\/code>, user<\/code>, and password<\/code> for connecting to the SQL Server:<\/p>\n\n\n
var<\/span> url = \"jdbc:sqlserver:\/\/localhost:1433;databaseName=BookStore;encrypt=true;trustServerCertificate=true;\"<\/span>;\nvar<\/span> user = \"joe\"<\/span>;\nvar<\/span> password = \"YourStrongPassword\"<\/span>;<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> Java<\/span> (<\/span>java<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
The url<\/code> represents the connection string to connect Java to SQL Server, which has the following structure:<\/p>\n\n\n
jdbc:sqlserver:\/\/[serverName[\\instanceName][:portNumber]][;property=value[;property=value]]<\/span><\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> Java<\/span> (<\/span>java<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
In this syntax:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
If you see an error instead, you need to install JDK<\/a> on your computer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n