{"id":1030,"date":"2018-10-21T18:47:40","date_gmt":"2018-10-21T11:47:40","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.sqlservertutorial.net\/?page_id=1030"},"modified":"2024-04-01T09:36:57","modified_gmt":"2024-04-01T02:36:57","slug":"sql-server-count","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.sqlservertutorial.net\/sql-server-aggregate-functions\/sql-server-count\/","title":{"rendered":"SQL Server COUNT() Function"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Summary<\/strong>: in this tutorial, you will learn how to use the SQL Server <code>COUNT()<\/code> function to get the number of items in a set.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id='introduction-to-sql-server-count-function'>Introduction to SQL Server COUNT() function <a href=\"#introduction-to-sql-server-count-function\" class=\"anchor\" id=\"introduction-to-sql-server-count-function\" title=\"Anchor for Introduction to SQL Server COUNT() function\">#<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>SQL Server <code>COUNT()<\/code> is an <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sqlservertutorial.net\/sql-server-aggregate-functions\/\">aggregate function<\/a> that returns the number of items in a set.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The following shows the syntax of the <code>COUNT()<\/code> function:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-1\" data-shcb-language-name=\"SQL (Structured Query Language)\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"sql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-sql\">COUNT(&#91;ALL | DISTINCT  ] expression)<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-1\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">SQL (Structured Query Language)<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">sql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>In this syntax:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>ALL<\/code> instructs the <code>COUNT()<\/code> function to apply to all values. <code>ALL<\/code> is the default.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>DISTINCT<\/code> instructs the <code>COUNT()<\/code> function to return the number of unique non-null values.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&nbsp;<code>expression<\/code> is an expression of any type but <code>image<\/code>, <code>text<\/code>, or <code>ntext<\/code>. Note that you cannot use a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sqlservertutorial.net\/sql-server-basics\/sql-server-subquery\/\">subquery<\/a> or an aggregate function&nbsp;in the expression.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>The <code>COUNT()<\/code> function has another form as follows:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-2\" data-shcb-language-name=\"SQL (Structured Query Language)\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"sql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-sql\">COUNT(*)<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-2\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">SQL (Structured Query Language)<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">sql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>In this form, the <code><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sqlservertutorial.net\/sql-server-aggregate-functions\/sql-server-count-star\/\">COUNT(*)<\/a><\/code> returns the number of rows that satisfy a certain condition. The <code>COUNT(*)<\/code> does not support <code>DISTINCT<\/code> and takes no parameters. It counts each row separately and includes rows that contain <code>NULL<\/code> values.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In summary:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>COUNT(*)<\/code> counts the number of items in a set. It includes <code>NULL<\/code> and duplicate values.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>COUNT(ALL expression)<\/code> evaluates the <code>expression<\/code> for each row in a set and returns the number of non-null values.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>COUNT(DISTINCT expression)<\/code> evaluates the <code>expression<\/code> for each row in a set, and returns the number of unique, non-null values.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id='sql-server-count-function-examples'>SQL Server COUNT() function examples <a href=\"#sql-server-count-function-examples\" class=\"anchor\" id=\"sql-server-count-function-examples\" title=\"Anchor for SQL Server COUNT() function examples\">#<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The following statement <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sqlservertutorial.net\/sql-server-basics\/sql-server-create-table\/\">creates a new table<\/a> named <code>t<\/code>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sqlservertutorial.net\/sql-server-basics\/sql-server-insert\/\">insert<\/a> some data into the table, and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sqlservertutorial.net\/sql-server-basics\/sql-server-select\/\">query<\/a> data against it:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-3\" data-shcb-language-name=\"SQL (Structured Query Language)\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"sql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-sql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">CREATE<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">TABLE<\/span> t(\n    val <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">INT<\/span>\n);\n\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">INSERT<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">INTO<\/span> t(val)\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">VALUES<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>),(<span class=\"hljs-number\">2<\/span>),(<span class=\"hljs-number\">2<\/span>),(<span class=\"hljs-number\">3<\/span>),(<span class=\"hljs-literal\">null<\/span>),(<span class=\"hljs-literal\">null<\/span>),(<span class=\"hljs-number\">4<\/span>),(<span class=\"hljs-number\">5<\/span>);\n\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">SELECT<\/span> val <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">FROM<\/span> t;<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-3\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">SQL (Structured Query Language)<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">sql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>Output:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-4\" data-shcb-language-name=\"PHP\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"php\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-php\">val\n-----------\n<span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>\n<span class=\"hljs-number\">2<\/span>\n<span class=\"hljs-number\">2<\/span>\n<span class=\"hljs-number\">3<\/span>\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">NULL<\/span>\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">NULL<\/span>\n<span class=\"hljs-number\">4<\/span>\n<span class=\"hljs-number\">5<\/span><\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-4\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">PHP<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">php<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id='basic-sql-server-count-example'>Basic SQL Server COUNT(*) example <a href=\"#basic-sql-server-count-example\" class=\"anchor\" id=\"basic-sql-server-count-example\" title=\"Anchor for Basic SQL Server COUNT(*) example\">#<\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The following example uses the <code>COUNT(*)<\/code> function to return the number of rows in the <code>t<\/code> table:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-5\" data-shcb-language-name=\"SQL (Structured Query Language)\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"sql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-sql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">SELECT<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">COUNT<\/span>(*) val_count\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">FROM<\/span> t;<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-5\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">SQL (Structured Query Language)<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">sql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>Output:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><span><code class=\"hljs\">val_count\n---------\n8<\/code><\/span><\/pre>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id='sql-server-countdistinct-expression-example'>SQL Server COUNT(DISTINCT expression) example <a href=\"#sql-server-countdistinct-expression-example\" class=\"anchor\" id=\"sql-server-countdistinct-expression-example\" title=\"Anchor for SQL Server COUNT(DISTINCT expression) example\">#<\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The following example uses the <code>COUNT(DISTINCT expression)<\/code> to return the number of unique, non-null values in the t table:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-6\" data-shcb-language-name=\"SQL (Structured Query Language)\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"sql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-sql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">SELECT<\/span>\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">COUNT<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">DISTINCT<\/span> val) val_count\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">FROM<\/span>\n    t;<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-6\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">SQL (Structured Query Language)<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">sql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>The following shows the output:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-7\" data-shcb-language-name=\"PHP\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"php\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-php\">val_count\n-----------\n<span class=\"hljs-number\">5<\/span>\nWarning: <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">Null<\/span> value is eliminated by an aggregate <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">or<\/span> other SET operation.\n\n(<span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span> row affected)<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-7\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">PHP<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">php<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id='sql-server-count-expression-example'>SQL Server COUNT( expression ) example <a href=\"#sql-server-count-expression-example\" class=\"anchor\" id=\"sql-server-count-expression-example\" title=\"Anchor for SQL Server COUNT( expression ) example\">#<\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The following example uses the <code>COUNT(expression)<\/code> to return the number of non-null values in the t table:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-8\" data-shcb-language-name=\"SQL (Structured Query Language)\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"sql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-sql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">SELECT<\/span>\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">COUNT<\/span>(val)\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">FROM<\/span>\n    t;<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-8\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">SQL (Structured Query Language)<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">sql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>The following shows the output:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-9\" data-shcb-language-name=\"PHP\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"php\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-php\">val_count\n-----------\n<span class=\"hljs-number\">6<\/span>\nWarning: <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">Null<\/span> value is eliminated by an aggregate <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">or<\/span> other SET operation.\n\n(<span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span> row affected)<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-9\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">PHP<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">php<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id='practical-examples-of-count-function'>Practical examples of COUNT() function <a href=\"#practical-examples-of-count-function\" class=\"anchor\" id=\"practical-examples-of-count-function\" title=\"Anchor for Practical examples of COUNT() function\">#<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>We&#8217;ll use the tables in the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sqlservertutorial.net\/getting-started\/sql-server-sample-database\/\">sample database<\/a> for the demonstration.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The following statement uses the COUNT(*) function to return the number of rows in the <code>products<\/code> table:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-10\" data-shcb-language-name=\"SQL (Structured Query Language)\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"sql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-sql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">SELECT<\/span> \n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">COUNT<\/span>(*) product_count\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">FROM<\/span>\n    production.products;<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-10\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">SQL (Structured Query Language)<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">sql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>Output:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><span><code class=\"hljs\">product_count\n-------------\n321\n\n(1 row affected)<\/code><\/span><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>The following example uses the <code>COUNT(*)<\/code> function to retrieve the number of products whose model year is <code>2016<\/code> and the list price is higher than <code>999.99<\/code>:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-11\" data-shcb-language-name=\"SQL (Structured Query Language)\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"sql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-sql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">SELECT<\/span> \n   <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">COUNT<\/span>(*)\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">FROM<\/span> \n    production.products\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">WHERE<\/span> \n    model_year = <span class=\"hljs-number\">2016<\/span>\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">AND<\/span> list_price &gt; <span class=\"hljs-number\">999.99<\/span>;<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-11\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">SQL (Structured Query Language)<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">sql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>Output:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-12\" data-shcb-language-name=\"SQL (Structured Query Language)\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"sql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-sql\">Result\n<span class=\"hljs-comment\">-----------<\/span>\n7\n\n(1 row affected)<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-12\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">SQL (Structured Query Language)<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">sql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id='using-sql-server-count-function-with-group-by-clause'>Using SQL Server COUNT() function with GROUP BY clause <a href=\"#using-sql-server-count-function-with-group-by-clause\" class=\"anchor\" id=\"using-sql-server-count-function-with-group-by-clause\" title=\"Anchor for Using SQL Server COUNT() function with GROUP BY clause\">#<\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The following statement uses the <code>COUNT(*)<\/code> function to find the number of products in each product category:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-13\" data-shcb-language-name=\"SQL (Structured Query Language)\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"sql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-sql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">SELECT<\/span> \n    category_name,\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">COUNT<\/span>(*) product_count\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">FROM<\/span>\n    production.products p\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">INNER<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">JOIN<\/span> production.categories c \n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">ON<\/span> c.category_id = p.category_id\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">GROUP<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">BY<\/span> \n    category_name\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">ORDER<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">BY<\/span>\n    product_count <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">DESC<\/span>;\n<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-13\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">SQL (Structured Query Language)<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">sql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>The following shows the output:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><span><code class=\"hljs\">category_name        product_count\n-------------------- -------------\nCruisers Bicycles    78\nMountain Bikes       60\nRoad Bikes           60\nChildren Bicycles    59\nComfort Bicycles     30\nElectric Bikes       24\nCyclocross Bicycles  10\n\n(7 rows affected)<\/code><\/span><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>In this example, first, the <code><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sqlservertutorial.net\/sql-server-basics\/sql-server-group-by\/\">GROUP BY<\/a><\/code> clause divided the products into groups using category names then the <code>COUNT()<\/code> function&nbsp;is applied to each group.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id='using-sql-server-count-with-having-clause-example'>Using SQL Server COUNT() with HAVING clause example <a href=\"#using-sql-server-count-with-having-clause-example\" class=\"anchor\" id=\"using-sql-server-count-with-having-clause-example\" title=\"Anchor for Using SQL Server COUNT() with HAVING clause example\">#<\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The following statement returns the brand and the number of products for each. In addition, it returns only the brands that have the number of products greater than 20:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-14\" data-shcb-language-name=\"SQL (Structured Query Language)\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"sql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-sql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">SELECT<\/span> \n    brand_name,\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">COUNT<\/span>(*) product_count\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">FROM<\/span>\n    production.products p\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">INNER<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">JOIN<\/span> production.brands c \n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">ON<\/span> c.brand_id = p.brand_id\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">GROUP<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">BY<\/span> \n    brand_name\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">HAVING<\/span>\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">COUNT<\/span>(*) &gt; <span class=\"hljs-number\">20<\/span>\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">ORDER<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">BY<\/span>\n    product_count <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">DESC<\/span>;\n<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-14\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">SQL (Structured Query Language)<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">sql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>The output is as follows:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><span><code class=\"hljs\">brand_name           product_count\n-------------------- -------------\nTrek                 135\nElectra              118\nSurly                25\nSun Bicycles         23\n\n(4 rows affected)<\/code><\/span><\/pre>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id='summary'>Summary <a href=\"#summary\" class=\"anchor\" id=\"summary\" title=\"Anchor for Summary\">#<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Use the <code>COUNT(*)<\/code> to retrieve the number of rows in a table.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Use the <code>COUNT(ALL expression)<\/code> to count the number of non-null values.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Use the <code>COUNT(DISTINCT expression)<\/code> to obtain the number of unique, non-null values.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"helpful-block-content\" data-title=\"\">\n\t<header>\n\t\t<div class=\"wth-question\">Was this tutorial helpful?<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"wth-thumbs\">\n\t\t\t<button\n\t\t\t\tdata-post=\"1030\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-post-url=\"https:\/\/www.sqlservertutorial.net\/sql-server-aggregate-functions\/sql-server-count\/\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-post-title=\"SQL Server COUNT() Function\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-response=\"1\"\n\t\t\t\tclass=\"wth-btn-rounded wth-yes-btn\"\n\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t<svg\n\t\t\t\t\txmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"\n\t\t\t\t\tviewBox=\"0 0 24 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