Web Application Security Testing Guide

By Swati

By Swati

I’m Swati. I accidentally started testing in 2004, and since then have worked with at least 20 clients in 10 cities and 5 countries and am still counting. I am CSTE and CSQA certified. I love my job and the value it adds to software…

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Updated September 4, 2025
Edited by Kamila

Edited by Kamila

Kamila is an AI-based technical expert, author, and trainer with a Master’s degree in CRM. She has over 15 years of work experience in several top-notch IT companies. She has published more than 500 articles on various Software Testing Related Topics, Programming Languages, AI Concepts,…

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Reviewed by Vijay

Reviewed by Vijay

I'm Vijay, and I've been working on this blog for the past 20+ years! I’ve been in the IT industry for more than 20 years now. I completed my graduation in B.E. Computer Science from a reputed Pune university and then started my career in…

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We publish unbiased product and service reviews; our opinions are our own and are not influenced by our advertising partners. Learn more about how we review products and read our advertiser disclosures.

Due to the huge amount of data stored in web applications and an increase in the number of transactions on the web, proper Web Application Security Testing is becoming very important day-by-day.

In this tutorial, we will provide you with a detailed understanding of the meaning, tools and key terms used in website security testing along with its testing approach.

Let’s begin!!

Web Application Security Testing

What is Web Application Security Testing?

Web Application Security Testing, also known as Web AppSec, is a method to test whether web applications are vulnerable to attacks. It involves a series of automated and manual tests and different methodologies to identify and mitigate security risks in any web application.

Security Testing is a process that checks whether the confidential data stays confidential or not (i.e., it is not exposed to individuals/entities for which it is not meant) and the users can perform only those tasks that they are authorized to perform.

For Example, a user should not be able to deny the functionality of the website to other users or a user should not be able to change the functionality of the web application in an unintended way, etc.


Recommended Security Testing Services

#1) Raxis

Raxis Logo Web Application Security Testing

Raxis Strike offers high-end web application penetration tests performed by Raxis’ elite team of penetration testers. Taking a hacker’s viewpoint, they attempt to exploit business logic vulnerabilities as well as code and configuration issues. The penetration test report gives your development team useful, actionable feedback to give them the tools they need to secure your application.

Their team recommends testing with several roles, from unauthenticated to administrative users and representative roles in-between, allowing your penetration tester to fully test access controls to be sure users cannot access information beyond their role. SaaS customers often provide users in multiple environments so the Raxis team can validate that users cannot access other customer’s data.

Why we recommend this service:

  • Manual testing follows the OWASP Top 10 framework, including broken access controls, authentication failures, injection flaws, security misconfigurations, cryptographic failures, and business logic errors.
  • Meets or exceeds requirements for various compliance standards, including NIST 800-171/CMMC, PCI, HIPAA, GLBA, ISO 27001, and SOX.
  • Detailed reporting includes an analysis of the application, a play-by-play storyboard of the test, screenshots of hacker tool outputs, and a clear remediation plan. Reports are compliant with NIST 800-115, the standard for penetration testing reporting.
  • Can include a retest to validate remediation efforts.
  • Also offered as a continuous service that can be integrated into a development team’s SDLC process.

#2) Acunetix

Acunetix Banner

Acunetix is an end-to-end web application security scanner. This will give you a 360-degree view of the security of your organization. It is capable of detecting 6500 types of vulnerabilities like SQL injections, XSS, Weak Passwords, etc. It makes use of advanced macro recording technology for scanning complex multi-level forms.

Why do we recommend this tool?

The platform is intuitive and easy to use. You can schedule and prioritize full scans as well as incremental scans. It contains a built-in vulnerability management functionality. With the help of CI tools like Jenkins, new builds can be scanned automatically.


#3) Invicti (formerly Netsparker)

Invicti Banner

Invicti (formerly Netsparker) is a platform for all web application security testing requirements. This web vulnerability scanning solution has capabilities of vulnerability scanning, vulnerability assessment, and vulnerability management.

Why do we recommend this tool?

Invicti is best for scanning precision and unique asset discovery technology. It can be integrated with popular issue management and CI/CD applications.

Invicti provides proof of exploit on the identification of vulnerability to confirm that it is not a false positive. It has an advanced scanning engine, advanced crawling authentication features, and WAF integration functionality, etc.

With this tool, you will get detailed scanned results with insights on vulnerability.


#4) Intruder

Intruder Logo

Intruder is a cloud-based vulnerability scanner that performs thorough reviews of your entire tech stack, covering web apps and APIs, single page applications (SPAs), and their underlying infrastructure.

Why do we recommend this tool?

Intruder comes with a number of integrations that speed up issue detection and remediation and you can use its API to add Intruder to your CI/CD pipeline and optimize your security workflow.

Intruder will also perform emerging threat scans when new issues arise, saving your team time by automating manual tasks.

By interpreting the raw data drawn from leading scanning engines, Intruder returns intelligent reports that are easy to interpret, prioritize, and action.

Each vulnerability is prioritized in context for a holistic view of all vulnerabilities, reducing your attack surface.


#5) Blacksight

Blacksight

Blacksight is an online website vulnerability scanner. It allows you to perform both instant and recurring scans of your website. It is quite accurate in detecting issues and presenting you with more clarity regarding the security risks plaguing your website. 

Why do we recommend this tool?

Blacksight can be used for free to scan your main website. Its scanner is highly customizable. You can easily incorporate additional subdomains in your targets when scanning a website for vulnerabilities. You can also invite collaborators to help you with detected issues. Blacksight also presents you with comprehensive reports that include tips on how to tackle a detected threat.

Website: https://scanner.blacksight.io/


Recommended Security Testing Services

#1) ScienceSoft – When Automated Tools Aren’t Enough

ScienceSoft

Even the most sophisticated tools can’t imitate some complex attack scenarios and take into account all threat factors. A cybersecurity team, on the other hand, conducts testing from a real hacker’s perspective in a safe and controlled environment.

ScienceSoft has 20+ years of experience in cybersecurity and tests web applications of any complexity. It is recognized as a Top Penetration Testing Company by Clutch.

Service Highlights:

  • Penetration testing of web apps and their infrastructures conducted by Certified Ethical Hackers.
  • Defining app- and industry-specific attack vectors.
  • Security code review, including SAST, DAST, and manual review.
  • Report on all detected issues and remediation guidance.

Why we recommend this vendor:

  • In cybersecurity since 2003.
  • Testing and reporting according to authoritative guidelines and threat classifications, including PTES, NIST, OWASP, WASC, and CVSS methodologies.
  • Clients highlight detailed reports and actionable recommendations ScienceSoft provided.
  • Knowledge of regional and domain-specific compliance standards and regulations, including HIPAA, GAMP, PCI DSS, SOC 2, and GDPR.
  • ISO 27001 and ISO 9001-certified security and quality management systems.
  • Accurate and cost-efficient testing since the vendor combines manual exploration and automated tools.

Web App Security Testing Approach

In order to perform a useful security test of a web application, the security tester should have good knowledge of the HTTP protocol. It is also important to have an understanding of how the client (browser) and the server communicate using HTTP.

Additionally, the tester should at least know the basics of SQL injection and XSS.

Hopefully, the number of security defects present in the web application will not be high. However, being capable of describing all the security defects accurately with all the required details will definitely help.

Web Application Security Testing Methodology and Checklist

Here are the top methods to perform web app security tests.

#1) Password Cracking

The security testing on a Web Application can be kicked off by “Password Cracking”. In order to log in to the private areas of the application, one can either guess a username/ password or use some password cracker tool for the same. A list of common usernames and passwords is available along with open-source password crackers.

If the web application does not enforce a complex password (example, with alphabets, numbers, and special characters or with at least a required number of characters), it may not take very long to crack the username and password.

If a username or password is stored in cookies without being encrypted, then an attacker can use different methods to steal the cookies and the information stored in the cookies like username and password.

For more details, see an article on “Website Cookie Testing”.

#2) URL Manipulation through HTTP GET Methods

A tester should check whether the application passes important information in the query string or not. This happens when the application uses the HTTP GET method to pass information between the client and the server.

The information is passed through the parameters in the query string. The tester can modify the parameter value in the query string to check if the server accepts it.

Via HTTP GET request user information is passed to the server for authentication or fetching data. The attacker can manipulate every input variable passed from this GET request to a server in order to get the required information or to corrupt the data.

In such conditions, any unusual behavior by the application or web server is the doorway for the attacker to get into an application.

#3) SQL Injection

The next important factor that should be checked is SQL Injection.

Entering a single quote (‘) in any textbox should be rejected by the application. Instead, if the tester encounters a database error, it means that the user input is inserted in some query which is then executed by an application. In such a case, the application is vulnerable to SQL injection.

SQL injection attacks are very critical as an attacker can get access to vital information from the server database. To check SQL injection entry points into your web application, find out the code from your codebase where direct MySQL queries are executed on the database by accepting some user inputs.

If the user input data is crafted in SQL queries to query the database, an attacker can inject SQL statements or part of the SQL statements as user inputs to extract vital information from a database.

Even if an attacker is successful in crashing the application, from the SQL query error shown on a browser, the attacker can access information they are searching for. Special characters from the user inputs should be handled/escaped properly in such cases.

#4) Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)

A tester should additionally check the web application for XSS (Cross-site scripting). Any HTML, for example, <HTML> or any script, for example, <SCRIPT> should not be accepted by the application. If it is, then the application can be prone to an attack by Cross-Site Scripting.

The attacker can use this method to execute a malicious script or URL on the victim’s browser. Using cross-site scripting, an attacker can use scripts like JavaScript to steal user cookies and information stored in the cookies.

Many web applications get some useful information and pass this information on to some variables from different pages.

For Example, http://www.examplesite.com/index.php?userid=123&query=xyz

The attacker can easily pass on some malicious input or <script> as a ‘&query’ parameter which can explore important user/server data on the browser.

Important: During security testing, the tester should be very careful and should not modify any of the following:

  •  Configuration of the application or the server.
  •  Services running on the server.
  •  Existing user or customer data hosted by the application.

Additionally, a security test should be avoided in a production system.

Some Key Terms Used in Security Testing

Before we proceed further, it would be useful to familiarize ourselves with a few terms that are frequently used in web application security testing.

#1) What is “Vulnerability”?

This is a weakness in the web application. The cause of such a weakness can be due to the bugs in the application, an injection (SQL/ script code), or the presence of viruses.

#2) What is “URL Manipulation”?

Some web applications communicate additional information between the client (browser) and the server in the URL. Changing some information in the URL may sometimes lead to unintended behavior by the server and this is termed URL Manipulation.

#3) What is “SQL injection”?

This is the process of inserting SQL statements through the web application user interface into some query that is then executed by the server.

#4) What is “XSS (Cross-Site Scripting)”?

When a user inserts HTML/ client-side script in the user interface of a web application, this insertion is visible to other users and it is termed XSS.

#5) What is “Spoofing”?

Spoofing is the creation of hoax look-alike websites and emails.

Conclusion

The purpose of a security test is to discover the vulnerabilities of the web application so that the developers can remove them and make the web application as well as its data safe from any kind of unauthorized action.

Recommended Reading => Difference between SAST/DAST/IAST/RASP

Feel free to share your feedback/suggestions about this tutorial in the comments section below. We would love to hear from you.

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187 thoughts on “Web Application Security Testing Guide”

  1. I think web applications should be througly tested for security testing. Any penetration in web application or server can lead to loss of important data as well company revenue.

    In our company we are not concentrating more on securtiy testing, i have pointed this out to my lead and he is convienced now.

    You can set aside some fix test plan time for security testing of web application.

    I would also love to see detailed article on SQL injection..

    Reply
  2. Can Some One help me with the testing related to Pay Pal and credit card transaction. What points should be take care while testing it.

    Reply
  3. Hello,
    I found this article interesting and came across it while trying to find out more info on security testing. I have good manual testing experience and I am keen on learning the security testing. Can anyone let me know of any online training for web application security testing. What are the pre-requisities required before taking up this training.
    Please mail me on [email protected]
    Thanks

    Reply
  4. As i m a new to testing field and need lot knowledge.can any one plz elaborate tis article like how fresher ll be expecting.Thinking tat no one knows abt security and how to implement sql injection in real scenario.

    Reply
  5. hi..i don’t have that much experience in security testing can u please guide me i’m interested to learn some basics regarding how to hack the application by using script injections………..i’m waiting for your informative reply dear:)

    Reply
  6. This article is very useful.. I exept detailed description on security testing with example in further articles.
    Thanks

    Reply
  7. Hi Vijay,

    Recently I had been to an interview and encounted to a new term hard error and soft error.

    They have asked me the difference between Hard and soft error.

    If u have the ans. pls reply for the thread.

    Regards
    Vis

    Reply
  8. Came across this website/blog just randomly. Looks great… lot of information, tips and techniques!
    Hope to keep visiting 🙂

    Reply
  9. Great article, these days I am very much keen to go into depth and to look for work as penetration tester and this article covers the depth overview of it.Thanks for it.

    Reply
  10. Hi All,

    Its nice artical ,I am thank full to Inder P Singh but could you please elobarate the security testing with steps by steps,

    Reply
  11. please give me solution ..

    we have web based application , some unauthorised user access our application and login to application.. how to test those ?

    Reply
  12. Very helpful article for beginners…Thanks for putting up this information here
    can u please provide the step by step of security testing, regarding security testing of the web application with an example. I think theoretical explanation is not enough for security testing.

    Also any PPT on the same would be of great advantage.

    email Id – [email protected]

    Thanks for your help in Advance!

    Reply
  13. hi sir,

    Security testing is always demanding.right now iam working as manual testing professional.iam very ambitious to become as security testing professional.

    thank you

    Reply
  14. Hi Friends,

    I’m new in testing field Manual testing. can any one tell me about security testing.
    How do we done or check security testing in manually.

    plz gave me som examples.

    and also send example in SQL injection attack

    on my mail id
    [email protected]

    Reply
  15. Wavvvv. Its really amazing. The way they explain is really down to earth.Hope it is enough to get a minimum knowledge on security testing.Once again thanks to website.

    Reply
  16. Nice Article and it is useful for us, Could u please give detail information(article) on SQL Injection. No one can famaliries it.

    Thanks…….

    Reply
  17. This is the realy usefull for me and also for those who want to learn more about the SQL injection and software testing, but i was expecting more can anyone send me detailed description???

    Reply
  18. Hello Vijay,

    I would like to learn How test the WEBSITE security, to avoid from Hacking. Are there any effective tools which are easy to use ?

    Or are there any skills I can learn to Test this very effectively ?

    Please advice, waiting for your reply desperately.

    Reply
  19. hi my self nitin i have 1 yer exprience in software development. before one month i got a job in software testing company as QA now i want to do career in software testing. so plz help me……..
    Thanks in advance

    Reply
  20. very useful article and it helps me in some way.Thanks for it…and can any one please explain me about SQL Injection…

    Reply
  21. Hi,
    This is Meer Sr Test Engineer, I was hard to me to understand SQL Injection,After reading this article. Its so easy to to understand, even a layman(LLR in testing) can come to know, thanks to all that shares their real time knowledge.
    Plz can anyone mail the information on XSS and SQL injection more detail as when n how to start the testing.

    Thnx in adv,
    My mail ID:[email protected]

    regards,
    Meer

    Reply
  22. I was expecting the detailed description of whole Security Testing…
    Information is good for intermediates but for lyman like me freshers i think little bit detailed description must be given…

    Reply
  23. Informative guide on security testing for web applications. Valuable insights for ensuring robust security measures. Appreciate the detailed explanation!

    Reply
  24. Thanks Inder P singh,

    Nice article , I would like to know how to perform the security testing of Webservices , Restful API’s and JMS services. Can you share me the steps and tools which can be used to do that.

    My email Id :[email protected]

    Regards,
    Hemant

    Reply
  25. I’m really very impressed from this website i have learnt a lot from here, you guys are one of the reason that i’m continuing my journey from an internee to Team Lead.

    Thanks

    Reply
  26. Hi Guys,

    I’m very new to this field, so far i understand what is cloud testing, i have take over a task to do a web, android and ios cloud testing. Is there anyone can guide me what type of requirement we need to find a good software for this

    Reply
  27. I’m really well inspired from this website . Taking up the challenge and looking forward to make blogs like this.

    Reply
  28. Thank you ..These are very helpful. I’m looking for WAP testing, what all things should be taken into consideration whil WAP testing and specially security testing.

    Reply
  29. This article is very useful.. I exept detailed description on security testing with example in further articles.
    Thanks

    Reply
  30. Good article, I got enought information regarding the tesing, but some points are provided in very brief, more discription is required. kindly suggest me some good book for web based application testing.
    Thanks in advance

    Reply
  31. Great article, these days I am very much keen to go into depth and to look for work as penetration tester and this article covers the depth overview of it.Thanks for it.

    b/w does any one knows good institute in UK/India for web security testing training?

    Thanks and Regards

    Reply
  32. IAM A 1+EXP AS MANUAL TESTER IN MNC,IAM GOOD AT COMPLETE STLC(SOFTWARE TESTING LIFE CYCLE).PLEASE GUIDE ME WHAT I NEED TO LEARN TO MAKE A PERFECT BASEMENT IN SOFTWARE TESTING.
    THANKS A LOT IN ADVANCE.
    MY MAIL ID: [email protected]
    MOBILE : 9431577453

    Reply
  33. please help me from where i can start the security testing for web application? which tool would be better? please guide me.

    Reply
  34. its a very precious information provided, on web , like this very very few sites existing with required full information

    Reply
  35. Exhaustive testing

    “Exhaustive testing” is a term used to describe a thorough process in which every scenario, input, and state of a system is investigated to guarantee that it functions. The goal of this approach is to find faults, vulnerabilities, or defects that might arise in different situations. Extensive testing is rigorous, but since there are so many combinations to consider, it can be resource- and time-intensive. To cover a variety of scenarios, testers use techniques including decision tables, equivalency partitioning, and boundary analysis. Although robustness is the goal, it might not be possible for complicated systems. Thus, in order to effectively manage resources and guarantee high-quality software performance, testers frequently strike a compromise between comprehensive testing and risk-based testing.

    Reply
  36. Hi Inder P Singh,

    It is a very basic and nice information for Security Testing.
    Inder, Could you possible to give example on the above information?

    Reply
  37. can u please provide the step by step of security testing, regarding security testing of the web application with an example. I think theoretical explanation is not enough for security testing.

    Reply
  38. It’s really such a great article to get started to know the security testing concepts. However that would really helpful if you could also provide some examples or websites Url WHERE readers can get such adequate information about all the concepts for security testing.

    Reply
  39. Hello,
    I found this article interesting and came across it while trying to find out more info on security testing. I have good manual testing experience and I am keen on learning the security testing. Can anyone let me know of any online training for web application security testing. What are the pre-requisities required before taking up this training.

    Reply
  40. Hello Inder P,

    You article on Security testing is very informative one. I am hoping to see an article on SQL Injection as well..

    Thanks again for sharing this great information with us.

    Regards,
    Yoginder

    Reply
  41. This is really nice info mentioned here. But as far as Security Testing is concerned, can anyone provide me links from where I can get the collective information on the famous attacks on web applications till date…..
    Kindly share your thoughts on this forum or send me email on [email protected]

    Reply
  42. Hi QA/TEST ENGINEERS,

    IAM A 1+EXP AS MANUAL TESTER IN MNC,IAM GOOD AT COMPLETE STLC(SOFTWARE TESTING LIFE CYCLE).PLEASE GUIDE ME WHAT I NEED TO LEARN TO MAKE A PERFECT BASEMENT IN SOFTWARE TESTING.
    THANKS A LOT IN ADVANCE.
    MY MAIL ID:[email protected]
    MOBILE : 9391395989

    Reply
  43. hi dude
    i selected a topic security testing as my company presentation for 25 min time could u send some tips to make this one effective

    Reply
  44. Hi,
    I have 1+ year experience in automation. Want to learn Security testing from sketch. Please guide me with the same and would appreciate if could be provided with some notes.

    Thanks and regards
    Megha

    Reply
  45. Very nice article but it will be very helhul if you provide some example with every Security Testing Approch.

    Thanks…….

    Reply
  46. Its realy worthy information for all testers. I think in india there are very few peoples who are realy in the Security Testing i want to be one of them. thanks for such a great information.
    thanks

    Reply
  47. articals are realy good and helpfull thanks for that
    i wan to the difference between sanity and smoke testing plz let me know

    Reply
  48. Thanks for the detailed guide. As a tester, I appreciated the article. The step-by-step approach is invaluable. Penetration testing, vulnerability scanning, and secure coding techniques are clear and easy to understand. The inclusion of real examples and practical advice adds value to the content.
    I absolutely agree that security testing integration is important throughout the development life cycle. This approach does ensure that vulnerabilities can be identified and fixed early, which can save organizations from potential breaches and reputational damage.

    Reply
  49. Previously I was involved in security testing, but didn’t know the impact of “security test defects”. This material helped me a lot to understand the same.

    Reply
  50. You can also get OWASP Testing Guide V4.0, which has indept coverage of all that is security testing. It is under creative commons licence so is free to download and distribute.

    Good Luck.

    Reply
  51. Hi…This is very bad information that i got from this site..I just suggest to every one please don’t visit it.All information are wrong.

    Reply
  52. Dear Prashant and others,

    I will definitely write an article on the SQL injection and share it with you.

    Thanks

    Reply
  53. All contents are really very useful for understanding the concept of Security Testing.

    Thankyou so much……..

    Reply
  54. dear pkduong,

    sure as a security we need to study hacking and anti hacking too.i need explanation regarding hacking and antic hacking.
    thank you

    Reply
  55. Hello,

    I am QA Engg.
    Nice Article and it is useful for us, Could u please give detail information(article) on SQL Injection. No one can famaliries it.some example pls.

    Thanks…….

    Reply
  56. Its normal artical but could you please elobarate the security testing with steps by steps . how to test any Server with example.

    Reply
  57. Dear all,

    Long time to visit this site. I love this one, it’s just basic thing of security testing as the article mention, just the term. We have lot of things to talk about this topic. Hope to see another one deeper 🙂

    For moment, I just thought one question:

    To be a security tester, should we try to study hacking technique and practice to hack some sites?

    Thanks for reading my comment :),
    Duong

    Reply
  58. Dear Mr.Inder P Singh (Article Author),
    Great Article.
    Thanks for your time.

    What I feel is, Its good, If you would have discussed about

    HTTPS (HTTP Secured), Thats where
    encription,
    decription,
    public key,
    private key,
    digital signature,
    ciphers,
    authentication,
    authorization,
    SSL/TLS,
    128 bit encription,
    SSL Hand shake etc., Comes in to picture (for better idea about security).

    Its worth reading your article.

    Thanks,
    Govardhan Reddy M,
    Software Test Engineer,
    “The best is yet to come”.

    Reply
  59. anyone here can help me? Let say Zalada website is serve through https, can anyone guide me steps on how to downgrade it to http so that a hacker can intercept and do man in the middle attack on specific user? For example, using this exploit to obtain Carol Danvers credential

    Reply

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