Infrastructure for Data Transfer
and Governance
Simple Explanation for Degree
Students
Introduction
• The Internet depends on two key aspects:
• 1. Infrastructure – the physical and technical
systems that carry data.
• 2. Governance – the rules and policies that
ensure data is secure and managed properly.
Infrastructure for Data Transfer
• Infrastructure is like the 'roads and highways'
of the Internet.
• • Fiber optic and undersea cables
• • Servers and data centers
• • Routers and switches
• • Wireless networks (Wi-Fi, 4G/5G)
• • Protocols, IP addresses, DNS
Importance of Infrastructure
• • Enables global connectivity
• • Supports business, education, and
entertainment
• • Provides reliable and fast communication
• • Forms the base for cloud computing and e-
commerce
Governance of Data
• Governance is like the 'traffic rules' of the
Internet.
• • Security – protection from cyberattacks
• • Privacy – safeguarding personal information
• • Regulations – laws like GDPR, IT Act
• • Standards – rules for compatibility (HTML,
IPv6, HTTPS)
Importance of Governance
• • Protects users from cybercrime
• • Builds trust in online services
• • Ensures safe and fair use of the Internet
• • Promotes digital inclusion
Challenges
• • Digital divide – lack of access in some
regions
• • Cybersecurity threats
• • Different policies in different countries
• • Adapting to rapid technology changes (IoT,
AI, 5G)
Conclusion
• • Infrastructure provides the physical systems
for data transfer.
• • Governance ensures security, privacy, and
fairness.
• • Both are essential for a safe, reliable, and
efficient Internet.