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Programming Languages Week 1 2

The document provides an overview of the history and categories of programming languages, highlighting their evolution from machine language in the 1940s to modern languages like Java and Kotlin. It discusses various programming paradigms, including imperative, functional, object-oriented, and logic programming. Additionally, it explains the differences between compilation and interpretation, as well as the significance of syntax and semantics in programming.

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6 views6 pages

Programming Languages Week 1 2

The document provides an overview of the history and categories of programming languages, highlighting their evolution from machine language in the 1940s to modern languages like Java and Kotlin. It discusses various programming paradigms, including imperative, functional, object-oriented, and logic programming. Additionally, it explains the differences between compilation and interpretation, as well as the significance of syntax and semantics in programming.

Uploaded by

salvation1226
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Introduction to

Programming
Languages
Week 1-2 Lecture Topics
History of Programming
Languages
 - 1940s: Machine language (binary instructions)
 - 1950s: Assembly language (symbolic
instructions)
 - 1960s-1970s: High-level languages (FORTRAN,
COBOL, BASIC)
 - 1980s: Object-oriented programming (C++,
Smalltalk)
 - 1990s: Scripting and web development
languages (Python, JavaScript)
 - 2000s-Present: Modern languages (Java, C#,
Rust, Kotlin)
Categories of
Programming Languages
 - Low-level Languages
 * Machine Language
 * Assembly Language

 - High-level Languages
 * Procedural (C, Pascal)
 * Object-Oriented (Java, C++)
 * Functional (Haskell, Lisp)
 * Scripting (Python, Ruby)
Programming Paradigms

 - Imperative Programming
 * Focus on how tasks are performed (C, Python)

 - Functional Programming
 * Emphasizes functions and immutability (Haskell, Lisp)

 - Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)


 * Focus on objects and classes (Java, C++)

 - Logic Programming
 * Based on formal logic (Prolog)
Compilation vs.
Interpretation
 - Compilation
 * Translates source code to machine code
 * Executable file generated (e.g., C, C++)

 - Interpretation
 * Executes code line-by-line
 * No intermediate file (e.g., Python, JavaScript)

 - Hybrid Approach
 * Combines both (e.g., Java using JVM)
Syntax and Semantics

 - Syntax
 * Structure or form of a program (rules for
writing code)

 - Semantics
 * Meaning of the program (what the code does)

 - Importance
 * Syntax ensures correctness
 * Semantics ensures functionality

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