PYTHON

• Name derived from famous BBC

comedy show namely Monty Python’s
flying circus
❖ Python was created by Guido Van Rossum
❖ The language was released in February I991
❖ Python got its name from a BBC comedy series from seventies-
“Monty Python‟s Flying Circus”
❖ Python can be used to follow both Procedural approach and
Object Oriented approach of programming
❖ It is free to use
❖ Python is based on or influenced with two programming
languages:
❖ ABC language [replacement of BASIC]
❖ Modula-3
❖Easy to use Object oriented language
❖Expressive language
❖Interpreted Language
❖Its completeness
❖Cross-platform Language
❖Fee and Open source
❖Variety of Usage / Applications
• Python is compact and very easy to use object oriented
language with very simple syntax rules. It is very high
level language and thus very-very programmer -friendly

• More capable to express code‟s purpose than many

other language like – swapping of two numbers:

In C++ In Python
int a=2, b=3, tmp; a,b=2,3
tmp=a; a,b=b,a
a=b;
b=tmp; MA, PGT(CS), KV OEF KANPUR &
VINOD KUMAR
VER
• It is interpreted not compiled, thus executes code line by
line and it makes python easy-to-debug and suitable for
beginners and advanced users

• When you install Python, you get everything i.e. you

don‟t need to install additional libraries. All functionality
is available with Python additional library. Features like
web-pages, database connectivity, GUI features are
available in Python standard library. Python follows –
“Battery included” philosophy
• Python can run equally well on variety of platforms –
Windows, Linux/UNIX, Macintosh, supercomputers,
smart phones. Python is portable language.

• It is feely available i.e. without any cost can be

downloaded from www.python.org.
• It is also open source i.e. you can modify,
improve/extend an open-source software
• Python is being used in many
diverse fields/applications, some
of which are:
• Scripting
• Web Applications
• Game Development
• System Administrations
• Rapid Prototyping
• GUI Programs
• Database Applications
❖Not the fastest language
❖Lesser Libraries than C, Java, Perl
❖Not Strong on Type-binding
❖Not Easily convertible
• Because of its interpreted nature Python is not fast as
compare to compiled language. Python is first compiled
into an internal byte-code which is then executed by
Python interpreter.

• Python offers library support for almost all computing

programs, but its library is still not competent with
languages like C, java as they have larger collection
available.
• Python is not very strong on data type checking i.e.
“Type- mismatch” issues. For example if you declare
variable as integer but later store a string value in it,
Python will not raise any error.

• Because of its lack of syntax, Python is easy to

program but it becomes disadvantage when it comes
to translate python program to another language.
 Before we start working on Python we need to install Python in our
computer. There are multiple distributions available today:

❖ Default Installation available from www.python.org is called

Cpython installation and comes with python interpreter,
Python IDLE(Python GUI) and Pip(package installer)
❖ ANACONDA Python distribution is one such highly
recommended distribution that comes with preloaded many
packages and libraries(NumPy, SciPy, Panda etc)
❖ Other Popular IDEs like Sypder, PyCharm, etc. Spyder IDE is
available as a part of ANACONDA.
After Python installation we can start working with
python. In Python we can work in 2 ways:

Interactive
Mode
Python (Immediat
working e Mode)
Ways Script
Mode
The default installation of Cpython comes
with Python
Interpreter, Python IDLE and pip(package installer). To
work in either interactive mode or script we need to open
Python IDLE
To work in interactive mode, follow the
process given below:
(i) Click start button 🡪 All Programs 🡪
Python 3.6.x 🡪IDLE Or
Click start button 🡪 All Programs 🡪 Python
3.6.x 🡪Python
(command
❖Interactive modes – one command at a time
❖Python executes the given command and gives the output.
❖In interactive mode we type command at IDLE prompt
( >>> )
❖For e.g if you type 20 + 30 in from of IDLE prompt
>>> 20 + (command give by user)
30 (output given by
50 the above examplepython)
❖From you can see than at >>> we
have to just give the command to execute and python
we execute it if it is error free otherwise gives an error.
 ( )
( )
( )
( )

)
print
(“Hello”)
❖Script Mode – multiple commands can be saved in a file
as a
program and then we can execute the entire program
❖we type Python program in a file and then use the
interpreter to execute the content from the file.
❖Working in interactive mode is convenient for beginners
and for testing small pieces of code, as we can test them
immediately. But for coding more than few lines, we
should always save our code so that we may modify and
reuse the code
❖In Python IDLE :
❖Click File 🡪 New
❖In new window type the commands you want to save in
program
❖For example:
❖print(“Hello World!”)

❖File🡪Save to save file. Give extension.py to execute it

as python script
 Save
the
progra
m and
( ) press
F5
Type the below code
in script file:
#My First Program
print(“Hello World!”)
When you execute the script file output will be only
Hello World
Note: the first line starts from # which makes
line as a comment i.e. only for programmer
information not for interpreter. Comments are
ignored by interpreter
 To print or display output Python 3.x provides print()
function. Examples:-
print(“Welcome to Python”)
it will print Welcome to Python
print('Python rocks!')
it will print Python rocks!
Note: Python allows both single quotation and
double quotation to enclose string. In any case
both opening and closing must be same.
print(„Look carefully”)
it will give error because both opening and
closing quotes are different.
Note
:
1) In Python 2.x print is a statement, not a function
2)Python is case-sensitive i.e. it will treat small
letter and capital letter as two different entities
like m & M will be treated differently in Python.

3)We can use up arrow (↑) and down arrow (↓) to

select previous command and press enter to recall
and execute.
4)print statement is required only while working
with script mode otherwise in interactive mode
#This is my first program
#sample of basic statements
#print(“Watch out”)
print(“Johny Johny Yes Papa”)
print(“No Papa”)
(a) (b)
This is my first program sample of basic
Watch out
statements Watch out Johny Johny Yes
Johny Johny Yes Papa No Papa No Papa
Papa

(c) (d)
Johny Johny Yes Papa This is my first
No Papa program Johny
Johny Yes Papa No
Papa
 (a) “Sayonara” (b) “Sayonara”
(c) “Sayonara” (d) “Sayonara”
(e) {Sayonara}
• Who developed Python Programming Language?
• Is Python Object Oriented Language?
• Python is a high level interpreted language. What does it
means
• What does cross-platform means?
• Python is free and open source. What do you understand
by this feature?
• What is the difference in interactive mode and Script mode
in Python?