Machine And Equipment
Under The Guidance of Ms. Sharmila Sure Ass. Professor, DFT
Presented By: Abhitosk Kumar Akhil Tyagi Amar Kumar Amar Nath Prasad
Spreading Spreading is the process of superimposing lengths of fabric on a spreading table, cutting table, or specially designed surface in preparation for cutting process.
Number of layers of fabric dictated by the number of
garments desired and the fabric thickness
Spreading can be done by hand or machine.
Depending upon the fabric and cutting technology, up to 200 layers of fabric may be cut at one time
Pattern making. Grading (manual, miniaturization using a pantograph/
computerized).
Making a lay plan ( half garment lay, whole garment
lay, single size lay, multiple size lay: sectional lay, interlocking lay, mixed multi size lay).
Spreading table is covered with a layer of brown
paper before spreading.
Most common for spreading is one in which all the plies of
fabric in a lay are of same length under a complete marker plan. same size or
It may contain different garments parts of same style of
Garment parts of various sizes are scrambled so that the
garment pieces can be interlocked in the most commercial way. single marker.
Spread/ lay up is total amount of fabric prepared for a
Spreading Surfaces Spreading Tables Spreading Machines Fabric Control Devices
Requires flat ,smooth surface. Smoothness is required to lower friction, can be done using laminated top, tempered hardboard, or compressed air floatation Determined by the fabric type, spreading equipment, cutting method and firms quality standards.
Spreading and cutting can be done at the same surface. Available in standard widths corresponding to fabric width. Needs to be about 10 inches wider than the fabric.
Table tracks or rails are placed to synchronize movement of spreading machine with fabric unrolling.
Table With Laminated Top Gerber Spreading Table
Pin table
Vacuum table Air flotation table Conveyor table
Table With Laminated Top
Must Be Smooth,
level and even.
About 10 inches
wider than the fabric.
Should have
strong support.
Gerber Spreading Table
This Model is
available with or without air flotation.
Specially designed
sturdy steel construction capable of withstanding the load of a fully equipped spreader totaling a weight of up to 800kg.
Gerber Spreading Table
Multi Adjustable
height from 75cm to 95cm.
Leveling of table
is done easily and quickly by adjusting the leveling screw in table tags.
Available in
different width sizes.
Pin Table
It has rows of pin
located below the surface to hold fabric in precise location.
Used for accurate
matching of repeating pattern.
PIN table- Advantage
Improving the
quality
Spreading and
matching in one step.
Avoiding of
relaying operations.
Reducing the
fabric consumption.
Vacuum Table
It is used to
compress lay and prevent shifting or movement during cutting.
Spread is
covered with plastic film to form a seal over the lay.
Vacuum Table
It Compress the
lay by 80%.
3 to 4 times the
productivity rate is possible.
Especially with
the fabrics like thick flannel and thick lining for winter apparel.
Air Flotation Table
It reduces
friction and allow easy movement of a lay onto an adjacent cutting area.
Reduces stress
on the fabric or the operators.
Conveyor Table
Table Top is made
in PVC band with textile internal structure is placed over a 3 cm wood plane.
The conveyorized
spreading table speed can be synchronized to the cutter and a single ply feeder.
Conveyor Table
It is conveyorized
surface which carry the fabric to the cutting machine in order to save time.
It may be used
with computerized cutting systems, large die pressers and laser cutters.
Spreading by hand Spreading using machine
Fabric is drawn from package (if its a roll it can be mounted
on a fame and carried along the table where the end is secured by weights and clamps).
Fabrics commonly spread by hand are checks, crosswise
stripes other regularly repeating patterns, repeat designs are placed at the interval of a garment length.
Stacking up is done and then the lay is spiked onto sharp
spikes set vertically n the spreading table.
Cost of hand spreading is partly offset by the ability to cut
fabric in bulk.
Fundamental purpose of spreading machine is to superimpose layers of fabric in a smooth, tension-free manner for accurate and efficient cutting. Automatic spreading machine can spread up to 100-150 yards per minute. Spreading speed can only be utilized on long spreads with few defects. It increases productivity, decreases variability, and is cost-efficient.
Manual spreading machine Semi-automatic spreading machine Automatic spreading machine Spreading machine For tubular knitted fabric
Manual Spreading Machine
Fabric is pulled from roll by
hand
Edge alignment is done by
human operator
Mechanical devices may be
used to facilitate unrolling.
Suitable for short lays and
frequent fabric and color changes.
Used for small businesses
Semi-automatic spreading machine
Cloth unwound and spread
semi-automatically using manually driven carriage.
Edge alignment is taken care
by built in mechanisms.
Suitable for long and broad
lays.
Very efficient and suitable for
small businesses.
Automatic spreading machine
Moving carriage is fully
automated.
Equipped with photo
cells(alignment of selvedges), fabric loading and threading devices, cutting devices at the end of the lay, a platform(for operator to sit or stand)
More efficient for large scale
enterprises.
Spreading Machine For Tubular Knitted Fabric
It is specially designed to lay
up tubular knitted fabric
A specially designed former is
placed inside the fabric and then threaded through two nip rollers that feed the fabric on to the spreading table.
The former ensures that
control is maintained over the fabric tube and that no differential movement takes place.
The material flow is interrupted between spreading and cutting process because of
Small Orders Short but different ply heights Quickly changing fashion trends Late ordering
The VEITH LAY STORAGE SYSYEM is a micro processor controlled interim store for completed lay which are waiting to be cut.
Improved Material Flow Improved workload for spreading machines and cutters. Space Saving Simple method to increase production capacity.
Mechanism that control fabric as it is carried up and down the table and unrolled by the spreading machine.
It includes:
Tensioning mechanisms Positioning devices Width indicators. End treatment systems
Synchronizes the rate of spreading with the rate fabric is unrolled. Covered roller- driven and timed to the movement of the machine. Momentum of large roll is stopped when machine slows down or stops. Different roll covers can be used for better gripping and for different types of fabric and weights.
Sensors monitor position and control fabric placement during spreading. Electronic edge sensor monitor selvages as fabric is spread. Any deviation is corrected by a motor that shifts the roll to correct position. One-eighth inch tolerance is there with these devices.
Sound an alarm whenever the fabric becomes narrower than the established width. It is necessary to determine whether the fabric will fit the marker or has to be removed as a defect.
Depend on spreading mode: F/F or FOW F/F spread utilizes an end catcher and a folding blade.
They are mounted on opposite ends of the fabric to catch and hold the fabric as the blade shapes and creases the fold. An overfeed device may be built that automatically feeds extra material whenever a fold is to be made.
FOW spread has a knife box and an end catcher. Knife box contains a cutting unit that operates in a track and cuts across the fabric width when engaged. Each ply must be cut at the end of the marker. End catcher simply holds the fabric end in place for cutting.
End catcher with rods
Needle Plates Clamps Weights Paper
NEEDLE PLATES is a very useful utility, which helps to fix. Its needle keep the whole lay from distortion of its single ply. This is especially imp. For the transport of the lay and for the cutting operation itself.
CLOTHING from fabric to fashion. Technology Of Clothing Manufacture : By Carr and
Latham.
