Fundamental Rights in
1973 Constitution
The 1973 Constitution of Pakistan provides a
comprehensive
framework for governance, with special
emphasis on ensuring the fundamental rights
of citizens. Fundamental rights are enshrined
in Part II, Chapter 1, of the Constitution and
are meant to guarantee civil liberties,
equality, and social justice, essential for a
democratic society.
Fundamental rights are the basic rights
guaranteed by the state to all
individuals to ensure their freedom,
equality, and human dignity. These
rights are essential for the well-being,
protection of individual autonomy,
safeguarding against arbitrary state
actions, and promoting a life of dignity
and respect.
Rights may be defined as claims of
individual that are essential for the
development of his or her own self and
that are recognized by the state
The rights have real meaning only if
individual perform their duties. A duty
is something that someone is expected
or required to do.
Infact rights and duties are two wheels
on which the chariot of life moves.
They serve as a foundation for
democracy and protect individuals
against state overreach and
discrimination, ensuring that every
citizen can lead a life of honour and
self-respect.
Enforcement of Fundamental Rights
Article 199 empowers High Courts to
safeguard the fundamental rights of the
people.
Article 184(3) allows the Supreme
Court to action in matters of public
importance related to fundamental
rights.
Protection of Individual
Freedom
Article 9: no one shall be deprived of
life or liberty save in accordance
with law.
Article 10: Safeguards against
arbitrary arrest and detention.
Article 10-A: Right to a fair trial
and due process.
Safeguards against Exploitation
and Abuse
Article 11: Prohibition of slavery, forced labor,
and child labor. All forms of forced labour and
traffic in human beings are prohibited. No child
below the age of fourteen years shall be engaged
in any factory or mine or any other hazardous
employment.
Article 12: Protection against retrospective
punishment
• Article 13: Protection
P against double punishment
and self incrimination.
• Article 14: Inviolability of dignity of man
and prohibition of torture.
Freedom of Movement, Assembly and
Association
• Article 15: Freedom of movement and
residence within Pakistan, subject to
reasonable restrictions in the public interest.
• Article 16: Freedom of assembly, subject to
public order.
• Article 17: Every citizen shall have the right
to form associations or unions or be a
member of political pparty
• Article: Freedom of Trade , Business and
Association
Freedom of Speech, Information,
and Religion
• Article 19: Freedom of speech, subject
to reasonable restrictions for security,
decency, and public order.
• Article 19-A: Right to information.
• Article 20: Freedom to profess,
practice, and propagate one’s religion.
• Article 21: Protection against
compulsory religious taxes.
• Article 22: Safeguards against
discrimination in educational
institutions based on religion.
Social and Economic
Rights
• Article 23: Every citizen shall have
the right to acquire, hold and dispose
of property in any part of Pakistan
• Article 24: Protection of property
rights.
• Article 25-A: Right to education for
children aged 5 to 16 years.
Equality of Citizens
• It means protected by the law and no
person is above the law
• Article 25: All citizens are equal before
the law and are entitled to equal protection
of the law.
• No discrimination on the basis of sex.
• Article 26: Non-discrimination in respect
of access to public places.
• Article 27: Safeguards against
discrimination in services.
Safeguards for
Vulnerable Groups
• Article 28: Preservation of
language, script, and culture of
minorities.
• Special provisions: Protections for
women, children, and marginalized
communities.
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