INSTRUMENTA
L AND
MIXED
ENSEMBLES
BAMBOO AND NATIVE INSTRUMENTS
Bamboo Clapper
• Percussion bamboo instrument
Kalatok (Bamboo Knockers)
• Rhythm instrument
Tulali
• Bamboo flute
Bungkaka
• Bamboo buzzer
Type Xylophone
• Bamboo marimba style
Bamboo Clapper Kalatok
(Bamboo Knockers)
Type Xylophone
Tulali Bungkaka
MIXED ENSEMBLES
• Combination of instruments +
voices
Examples of large forms:
• Opera
• Oratorio
• Cantata
• Mass/ Requiem Mass
• Symphonies with vocal parts
CHAMBER ORCHESTRA
• Small instrumental ensemble
• Few performers per part
• Between a chamber ensemble
and a full orchestra
CHAMBER MUSIC
• Few performers only 2 – 9
players
• One player per part
• Popular in intimate settings
Chamber Music Examples
1. Solo Sonatas – solo instrument
with piano/hapsichord
2. String Quartet – 2 violins, viola,
cello
• If piano replaces one – Piano
Quartet
3. Other Forms
• Duo (2)
• Trio (3)
• Quintet (5)
• Sextet (6)
• Septet (7)
ORCHESTRA
• Large group of instrumental
performers under a conductor
• Varies from small groups to
100+ performers
Four main sections:
• Strings
• Woodwinds
• Brass
• Percussion
SYMPHONY ORCHESTRA
• Large ensemble (~100 players)
Sections:
• Strings
• Woodwinds
• Brass
• Percussion
Covers vocal ranges:
• Soprano
• Alto
• Tenor
• Bass
CONCERTO
• Soloist + Orchestra
• Solo instrument (piano, violin,
etc.) plays main role
BAND
• Large ensemble, mostly wind &
percussion instruments
• Common in parades, funerals,
sports events
• Can also be a concert ensemble
RONDALLA
• Famous Philippine string
ensemble
Instruments:
• Banduria (lead melody)
• Laud, Octavina (alto & contra)
• Piccolo banduria (ornamental
parts)
• Guitarra, Banjo (rhythm &
harmony)
• With percussion for varied
effects
PANGKAT/BANDANG KAWAYAN
• Unique Filipino ensemble
(bamboo instruments)
Examples:
• Bumbong (bamboo tube)
• Talunggating (native
marimba)
• Tipaklong (bamboo harp)
• Gabbang (Muslim xylophone-
style)
FAMILY ENSEMBLE & SPECIAL
ENSEMBLE
Family Ensemble – group of related
members (Tajanlangit, Figueroa,
Posadas)
Special Ensembles – use of electronic
instruments in modern music
CONDUCTOR
• Director of the orchestra
• Knows every detail of the music
• Uses baton and hands to guide
performers
Thank
You!
Reporter: Bandola, Aya Tenesa
