Object-Oriented
Programming: The
Fundamentals
This presentation explores key concepts of object-oriented
programming (OOP), a powerful paradigm for building software
applications.
Encapsulation: Bundling Data and Behavio
Data Protection Code Organization
Encapsulation protects data within an object by It organizes code by grouping data and the functions
restricting direct access. It promotes data integrity and that operate on that data. This makes code more
reduces the risk of errors. maintainable and modular.
Abstraction: Focusing on Essential Featur
Simplified Interfaces Code Reusability
Abstraction hides complex implementation details, It promotes code reusability by allowing objects to
presenting only the essential features to the user. be used in different parts of the program without
revealing their internal workings.
Inheritance: Hierarchical Code Reuse
Parent Class
1
The parent class, or base class, provides fundamental properties and behaviors.
Child Class
2 Child classes, or derived classes, inherit properties and behaviors from
their parent class and can add their own.
Code Reduction
3 Inheritance avoids redundant code by allowing child
classes to reuse code from the parent class.
Polymorphism:
Flexibility in Object
Interactions
Different Implementations
Polymorphism allows objects of different classes to
respond to the same method call in their own way.
Flexible Code
It promotes flexibility by enabling code to work with
objects of different classes through a common interface.
Improved Maintainability
Polymorphism simplifies code maintenance by reducing
the need for separate code for each object type.
Classes and Objects:
The Building Blocks
Class Object
A class is like a blueprint that An object is an instance of a
defines the structure and class, a real-world entity that
behavior of an object. has its own unique data.
Constructors and
Methods: Defining
Object Behavior
1 2
Constructor Methods
A special method that initializes Functions that define the
an object's data when it is object's behavior and allow it to
created. interact with other objects.
OOP Principles and Best Practices
Adhering to OOP principles like encapsulation, abstraction, inheritance, and polymorphism leads to modular,
maintainable, and reusable code. By following best practices, such as using meaningful names, designing clear
interfaces, and testing your code thoroughly, you can build robust and scalable applications.
