Special English For

Computer Science
Dr. Mahdi Talebi
Scores
• 30% Project
• 70% Final
 Essay 1:
The Role of Computer Science in Modern Technology
Computer science has revolutionized the world by
enabling the development of software, hardware,
and networking solutions that power almost
every industry today. From artificial intelligence
(AI) to cybersecurity, the field continues to evolve
rapidly, shaping the way humans interact with
technology.
One of the fundamental aspects of computer
science is programming, which involves writing
code using different programming languages
such as Python, Java, and C++. A developer or
software engineer uses algorithms to solve
problems efficiently and create applications that
can run on multiple platforms, including mobile
devices, desktops, and cloud environments.
Another critical area is data structures and
databases, which help in storing, organizing, and
retrieving information effectively. Many modern
systems rely on big data and cloud computing to
process vast amounts of information in real time.
Machine learning, a subset of AI, enables
computers to learn from data and make decisions
without explicit programming.
With the increasing reliance on the internet,
cybersecurity has become essential. Protecting
networks, servers, and operating systems from
malware, hacking, and data breaches is crucial
for businesses and individuals alike.
Computer science also plays a key role in
networking and communication protocols,
ensuring that devices can communicate securely
and efficiently. The development of 5G
technology and wireless networks has further
enhanced global connectivity, making it easier to
transmit large amounts of data with minimal
delay.
As the field advances, professionals must keep up
with emerging trends such as blockchain, virtual
reality (VR), and edge computing. These
innovations continue to expand the possibilities
of technology, influencing industries from finance
to healthcare. Ultimately, computer science
remains at the heart of technological progress,
driving innovation and improving efficiency in
countless applications.
Software – A collection of programs and data that
enable a computer to perform specific tasks.
Hardware – The physical components of a
computer system, such as the processor, memory,
and storage devices.
Networking – The practice of connecting
computers and devices to share resources and
information.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) – The simulation of
human intelligence by machines, enabling them to
perform tasks such as learning and problem-solving.
Cybersecurity – The protection of computer systems
and networks from unauthorized access, attacks, or
damage.
Programming – The process of writing and
developing computer code to create software
applications.
Code – A set of instructions written in a
programming language to be executed by a
computer.
Programming Language – A formal language used
to communicate instructions to a computer (e.g.,
Python, Java, C++).
Developer / Software Engineer – A professional
who designs, develops, and maintains software
applications.
Algorithm – A step-by-step procedure used for
problem-solving and computation.
Application – A software program designed to
perform specific tasks for users.
Platform – The environment in which software
runs, such as Windows, macOS, Linux, or mobile
operating systems.
Data Structures – Ways of organizing and storing
data efficiently (e.g., arrays, linked lists, trees).
Database – A structured collection of data that
allows for easy storage, retrieval, and
management.
Big Data – Large and complex datasets that
require specialized tools and techniques to
process.
Cloud Computing – The delivery of computing
services over the internet, including storage,
processing, and networking.
Machine Learning – A subset of AI that enables
computers to learn from data and improve their
performance over time.
Malware – Malicious software designed to
disrupt, damage, or gain unauthorized access to
computer systems.
Hacking – The act of gaining unauthorized access
to computer systems or networks.
Data Breach – The unauthorized access,
disclosure, or theft of sensitive data.
Communication Protocol – A set of rules that
define how data is transmitted over a network.
5G Technology – The fifth generation of wireless
communication technology, offering faster speeds
and lower latency.
Wireless Network – A network that allows
devices to connect without physical cables, using
Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, or cellular technology.
Blockchain – A decentralized and secure digital
ledger used for recording transactions.
Virtual Reality (VR) – A simulated digital
environment that users can interact with through
specialized hardware.
Edge Computing – A computing model that
processes data closer to the source rather than
relying on centralized cloud servers.
Virtual Reality (VR) – A simulated digital
environment that users can interact with through
specialized hardware.
Edge Computing – A computing model that
processes data closer to the source rather than
relying on centralized cloud servers.
• Malware is a type of programming language used to
develop applications. (True/False)
• Cloud computing allows users to store and process data on
their personal computers without using the internet.
(True/False)
• A database is a structured collection of data used for easy
retrieval and management. (True/False)
• Cybersecurity protects computer systems from
unauthorized access and attacks. (True/False)
• Virtual reality (VR) is used to create digital environments
for user interaction. (True/False)