Prepared by: Group 3

Sajina Basnet
Anusa Dhoju
Prakash K.C
Karina Maharjan
Grishma Mainali
Pooja Paudel
 INTRODUCTION

⚫ The Individuals with Disabilities

Education Act (IDEA) is a federal law
in the United States that ensures
students with disabilities are
provided with a Free Appropriate
Public Education (FAPE) tailored to
their individual needs.
⚫ Under IDEA, early intervention
services are provided to infants and
toddlers (birth to age three) who
have developmental delays or
disabilities.
 Purpose of IDEA

Equal Access to Education:

Ensuring that children with disabilities have the same opportunities for
education as those without disabilities, including access to the general
education curriculum in the least restrictive environment.
Specialized Services:
Providing individualized special education and related services that address
the unique needs of each child with a disability, enabling them to reach their
full potential.
Parent and Child Rights:
Safeguarding the rights of both the child and the parents by ensuring they
are involved in educational decision-making and that there are clear
procedures for addressing any disputes.
Accountability:
Holding schools and educational institutions accountable for providing the
necessary support and resources to help children with disabilities succeed
academically.
Preparation for Adulthood:
Equipping students with the skills they need for successful transition into
postsecondary education, employment, and independent living, thus
promoting greater independence and inclusion in society.
 FOUR PARTS OF IDEA

⚫ Part A (Concerned with general provisions and

administrative issues of the law).
✔ Part A revolves around congressional findings relevant to the
act, and the definition of these issues. These definitions and
findings are of great importance in the sense that they offer
guidelines for the interpretation and use of IDEA.
✔ Part A is in place to make education as accessible to
individuals with disabilities as to non-disabled children.

⚫ Part B (Special Education Services)

✔ revolves around funding that the federal government offers to
states for special education of children with disabilities.
✔ Part B covers assistance for providing a free appropriate public education for
children with disabilities ages 3–21.
✔ Part B, Section 619 focuses on services for children ages 3–5 .
⚫ Part C (Early Intervention Services)
✔ This part of IDEA recognizes the need and importance of
identifying, reaching and provide services to infants and
toddlers with disabilities and their families.
⚫ Part D (National Activities to Improve Education of
Children with Disabilities)
✔ includes provisions for federal grants available to support activities related to
improving services for children with disabilities, including personnel
development, technical assistance and dissemination, technology, and parent-
training and information centers.
 PRINCIPLES IF IDEA

⚫ Appropriate Evaluation
⚫ Free Appropriate Public
Education (FAPE)
⚫ Individualized
Education Program (IEP)
⚫ Least Restrictive
Environment (LRE)
⚫ Parent and Student
Participation
⚫ Procedural Safeguards
 Appropriate Evaluation
⚫ Its purpose is to ensure that children with disabilities are
accurately identified and provided with the educational
services and supports they need to succeed in school.
⚫ Children become eligible to receive special education and
related services through an evaluation process.
⚫ The goal of IDEA's regulations for evaluation is:
⮚ to help minimize the number of misidentifications;
⮚ to provide a variety of assessment tools and strategies;
⮚ to prohibit the use of any single evaluation as the sole
criterion of whether a student is placed in special
education services;
⮚ to provide protections against evaluation measures that
are racially or culturally discriminatory.
 Free Appropriate Public Education (FAPE)

⚫ "special education and related services that:

⚫ A) are provided at the public's expense, under public
supervision and direction, and without charge;
⚫ B) meet the standards of the State educational
agency;
⚫ C) include an appropriate preschool, elementary, or
secondary school education in the State involved
⚫ To provide FAPE, schools must provide students with
an "education that emphasizes special education and
related services designed to meet their unique needs
and prepare them for further education,
employment, and independent living."
 Individualized Education Program (IEP)

⚫The IDEA requires that public schools create IEP

for each student who is found to be eligible under
both the federal and state eligibility/disability
standards.
⚫The IEP also specifies the services to be provided
and how often, and it specifies accommodations
and modifications to be provided for the student.
⚫When a child qualifies for services, an IEP team
is convened to design an education plan.
 contnd....

In addition to the child's parents, the IEP team must include at

least:

•one of the child's regular education teachers (if applicable)

•a special education teacher
•someone who can interpret the educational implications of the
child's evaluation, such as school psychologist.
•any related service personnel deemed appropriate or
necessary
•an administrator or CSE (Committee of Special Education)
representative .
 Least Restrictive Environment (LRE)

⚫ The IDEA requires that “...To the maximum extent

appropriate, children with disabilities, including children in
public or private institutions or other care facilities, are
educated with children who are not disabled.” Least
Restrictive Environment (LRE) means that:

⚫ Any placement outside the general education classroom

must be justified by the child’s individual disability-related
needs
⚫ Students must have meaningful access to same age peers
without disabilities, when appropriate.
⚫ Schools must consider providing any needed services in the
general education classroom and other integrated settings
 Contnd...

⚫Involvement in music, art, physical education,

school trips, clubs, extracurricular and other
activities must be accommodated
⚫Funding is never an appropriate reason for a
more restrictive placement
⚫States must maintain a full range of
placement options to meet the needs of
children who require specialized treatment
programs.
 Parent and Student Participation

⚫ The IDEA is very specific about what schools must do

to ensure that parents have the opportunity to be
active participants in each step of the special education
process. Parents, and (whenever appropriate) the
student, must be meaningfully involved in:

⚫ The development, review, and revision of the IEP

⚫ Educational placement decisions
⚫ Determining what data needs to be collected during
evaluation
⚫ Reviewing evaluation data
⚫ Transition planning and services starting by age 14
 Procedural Safeguards

⚫ The IDEA includes important procedural safeguards to

ensure that the rights of children with disabilities and their
parents are protected and that they have access to the
information needed to effectively participate in the process.

Parents are entitled to notice in writing including:

⚫ A parental rights notice to provide information about
special education, procedural safeguards, and student and
parent rights
⚫ Notice in writing of IEP meetings
⚫ Prior written notice whenever the school proposes to
change or refuses to change the educational programming
or educational placement of their child
 Contnd..

Parents are entitled to access student records:

⚫They may review educational records for
their child
⚫They may obtain copies of educational
records for their child
⚫They may place a statement of correction or
explanation in the student’s record if it
contains something they disagree with.
 13 disability categories defined by IDEA

⚫Specific Learning Disability (SLD)

⚫Other Health Impairment (OHI)
⚫Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
⚫Emotional Disturbance (ED)
⚫Speech or Language Impairment
⚫Visual Impairment, Including Blindness
 CONT….

⚫Deafness
⚫Hearing Impairment
⚫Deaf-Blindness
⚫Orthopedic Impairment
⚫Intellectual Disability (ID)
⚫Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)
⚫Multiple Disabilities