Acids, Bases,
and pH
Discover the chemistry of
everyday substances.
Agenda •What are acids and bases?
•Their unique properties.
•Safety tips.
•Understanding the pH scale.
•How acids and bases react.
Sour, Slippery,
and More!
Have you ever noticed
how different things feel
or taste? Many everyday
substances have unique
properties that help us
identify them.
Chemistry All Around Us
Acids and bases aren't just in labs; they're
everywhere! Think about the sour taste of
lemon juice (an acid) or the slippery feel of
soap (a base). These common chemicals are
in our food and cleaning products daily.
Meet the Acids!
•Taste sour, like lemons or vinegar.
•Can be corrosive; wear safety gear.
•React with metals, causing fizzing.
•Found in food and your stomach!
Meet the Bases!
•Taste bitter (like soap!).
•Feel slippery or soapy.
•Neutralize acids.
•Can be corrosive.
Acids Bases
Bases often taste bitter and feel
Acids often taste sour, like lemons or
slippery, like soap. They turn red litmus
vinegar. They can be corrosive and turn
paper blue. Bases are also called
blue litmus paper red. Acids are found
alkalis.
in many foods.
Handle with
Care!
Acids and bases can be harmful if
not handled properly. Always wear
safety goggles and gloves in the
lab. At home, store cleaning
products safely away from children
and pets.
Acids at Home
Many foods and drinks you enjoy every
day are actually acids! Lemon juice,
vinegar, and even carbonated sodas
are common examples found right in
your home.
Bases at Home
You use bases every day! Common
household bases include baking soda,
which can clean and deodorize, and
soap, used for washing. Stronger bases
like drain cleaner are powerful for
tough clogs.
Why Are These Important?
We've learned about acids and bases. Why do you think it's useful
and important to know about them? How might understanding acids
and bases help you in your everyday life, from food to cleaning
products?
What is pH?
The pH scale helps us measure how
acidic or basic a substance is. It's a
numerical system that ranges from 0
to 14. For instance, lemon juice is
acidic (low pH), while baking soda is
basic (high pH).
pH: Acidic, Basic, or Neutral?
•pH scale ranges from 0 to 14.
•Acidic: pH values below 7 (0-6.9).
•Neutral: pH value is exactly 7 (like pure water).
•Basic (Alkaline): pH values above 7 (7.1-14).
Measuring pH with
Indicators
Indicators are special substances that change color depending on
whether a solution is an acid or a base. Litmus paper turns red in
acids and blue in bases. Red cabbage juice also changes color,
showing different pH levels.
pH Matters Everywhere!
pH is vital for our health, like keeping our blood at the right level. It
also helps preserve food, preventing spoilage, and is crucial for
monitoring water quality in our environment.
What Happens When
They Mix?
When acids and bases combine, they react in a process called
neutralization. They become more neutral, meaning their strong
acidic or basic properties are reduced. Think of it like balancing
things out!
What Will You Test?
If you could test anything for pH, what would it be? Think about
common items at home or school. Also, where have you seen acids
and bases used in your daily life, besides just testing their pH?
Resources
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•Acids taste sour, bases feel slippery.
Conclusio •pH measures how acidic or basic.
n •Indicators help test pH levels.
•Acids and bases can neutralize.
