Joanna
Grade 7
THIRD-GENERATION
PROGRAMMING
LANGUAGES
FORTRAN
(Formula
Translation)
Designed by:
John Backus and his team (1957)
Important Features:
One of the first high-level programming
languages
Used mainly for scientific and
mathematical calculations
Efficient for handling complex formulas
Usage:
Used in scientific computing,
weather modelling, and engineering
simulations
Compiled or
Interpreted?
Compiled
COBOL
(Common
Business
Oriented
Language)
Designed by:
Grace Hopper and CODASYL
Committee (1959)
Important Features:
Focuses on business and finance
applications
Uses simple English-like syntax for
readability
Great for handling large amounts of data
Usage:
Used in banking, payroll systems,
and government records
Compiled or Interpreted?
Compiled
BASIC (Beginner's All-purpose
Symbolic Instruction Code)
Designed by: John G. Kemeny
and Thomas E. Kurtz (1964)
Key Features:
User-friendly and beginner-friendly
Interactive execution for quick
learning
Encourages structured programming
Common Uses:
Educational purposes and simple software
development
Compilation Type:
Originally interpreted, later compiled versions are
available
Java
Designed by:
James Gosling (1995)
Key Features:
Platform-independent (Write Once, Run
Anywhere)
Object-oriented design for modular coding
Secure and widely supported
Common Uses:
Mobile applications (Android), enterprise
systems, and web development
Compilation Type:
Both (Compiled to bytecode, then
interpreted by the JVM)
C++
Designed by:
Bjarne Stroustrup (1983)
Key Features:
Supports procedural and object-oriented
paradigms
High-performance and resource-efficient
Direct memory manipulation capability
Common Uses:
Game development, operating systems,
and performance-critical applications
Compilation Type:
Compiled
Python
Designed by:
Guido van Rossum (1991)
Key Features:
Easy-to-read and beginner-friendly
syntax
Extensive libraries for various
applications
Supports multiple programming
styles
Common Uses:
Web development, artificial intelligence, automation, and data science
Compilation Type:
Interpreted
