Arduino Uno Crash Course
Your Gateway to Interactive Electronics
Presented by: The Tech Skills Academy
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What is Arduino?
An open-source electronics platform based on easy-to-use
hardware and software.
It's a combination of a small, programmable microcontroller
board (hardware) and a user-friendly software
environment (IDE).
Designed to make interactive electronic projects accessible to
everyone.
Purpose of Arduino
•To simplify the process of creating digital devices that can read
inputs (sensors, buttons) and control outputs (motors, LEDs).
•Originally for rapid prototyping for students without electronics
or programming background.
•Fosters a global community of makers, contributing to vast
accessible knowledge.
Common Arduino Projects:
• Home Automation Systems
• Robotics & Drones
• Line Follower Robots
• Obstacle Aviodance Robot
Arduino Uno Feature Specification
Specifications
Microcontroller ATmega328P
•The most popular and iconic Operating Voltage 5V
board, ideal for beginners.
Slide 4 of 12 Input Voltage
7-12V
(recommended)
14 (6 with
Digital I/O Pins
PWM)
Analog Input Pins 6
Clock Speed 16 MHz
Flash Memory 32 KB
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Anatomy of the Arduino Uno: Pins
These are your connection points for external components.
• Digital Pins (0-13): For ON/OFF signals.
• Analog Pins (A0-A5): For reading continuous values from sensors
Power Pins:
•GND (Ground): Reference 0V.
•5V & 3.3V: Regulated power outputs.
•Vin: Input for external power.
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What are PWM Pins?
PWM = Pulse Width Modulation. It's a technique to simulate analog
output using digital pins.
• Digital pins are either HIGH (ON) or LOW (OFF).
• PWM rapidly switches a digital pin ON and OFF.
• The "duty cycle" (proportion of ON time) determines the average voltage.
• Higher duty cycle = brighter LED / faster motor.
• On Arduino Uno, PWM pins are marked with a ~ (Tilde): Pins 3, 5, 6, 9,
10, 11.
• Controlled using the analogWrite(pin, value) function (value 0-255).
Power Supply Options
How to get power to your Arduino Uno:
[Link] Cable:
1. Connects to your computer or a USB wall adapter.
2. Provides a stable 5V.
[Link] Power Jack (Barrel Jack):
1. Connect an AC-to-DC adapter or battery pack (recommended 7-12V).
2. Onboard regulator converts to 5V.
[Link] Pin:
1. Supply unregulated voltage (5V) directly.
Coding the Arduino
•Arduino IDE: The software environment for writing, compiling, and uploading your code (c
"sketches").
•Language: Based on C++, with simplified functions for hardware interaction.
Structure of an Arduino Sketch:
void setup() Structure of an Arduino
{
pinMode(5, OUTPUT); Sketch:
pinMode(6, OUTPUT);
pinMode(7, OUTPUT);
}
void loop()
{
digitalWrite(5, HIGH);
digitalWrite(6, LOW);
digitalWrite(7, LOW);
delay(1000); // Wait for 1000 millisecond(s)
digitalWrite(5, LOW);
digitalWrite(6, HIGH);
digitalWrite(7, LOW);
delay(1000); // Wait for 1000 millisecond(s)
digitalWrite(5, LOW);
digitalWrite(6, LOW);
digitalWrite(7, HIGH);
delay(1000); // Wait for 1000 millisecond(s)
delay(1000);
}
Code Execution Demo On
TinkerCAD:
Example 2: Learning The
void setup() PWM Pin
{
pinMode(6, OUTPUT);
}
void loop()
{
for (int i = 0; i <= 255; i++) {
analogWrite(6, i);
delay(5); // Add delay to see brightness change
gradually
}
delay(1000); // Hold at full brightness for a
second
Explanation:
}
The Arduino Gradually Increase The Brightness Of The Led
On The Pin 6 Using PWM. In The Setup Pin 6 Is Set As
OUTPUT, The Loop Slowly Increase The Brightness Of The
Led From 0 To 255 With A Small Delay.
Example 2: Learning The
PWM Pin
THANK
YOU!
Start your Arduino
journey today!
