INSTITUTIONAL

CORRECTION
FERNANDO V. ABANTO, RCRIM.
TOP 3, February 2024 CLE
Topics and Competencies No. of Item
The examinees can perform the following competencies under each topic:
CORRECTIONAL ADMINISTRATION 100
1. Institutional Correction 40
1.1. Discuss the theories and principles of Penology, Punishment, Penalty, Sentencing, and
Rehabilitation, including the rights, legal limitations, and conditions set forth by the Constitution,
Law, and United Nations Declarations.

12
1.2. Apply the functions, organization, administration, management, operations, planning, decision
making process, training, disciplinary process, and accountability of personnel in the BJMP,
Provincial Jail, BUCOR, and other facilities.
10

1.3. Implement the admission process of persons deprived of liberty, release of persons deprived of
liberty, security and safety processes and requirements of PDLs inside the institution, visitation,
movement, and escorting procedure, the trial of PDLs, custody, control and disciplinary process of
PDLs in the BJMP, Provincial Jail, BUCOR, and other facilities.
10
1.4. Evaluate the principles, management, planning, and decision-making of crises and incidents in
the BJMP, Provincial Jail, and BUCOR in case of riot, escape, hostage, contrabands, fire, food
poisoning, flood, earthquake, typhoon, and other calamities and incidents.

8
 INSTITUTIONAL
• The reformation and
rehabilitation of criminal offenders
are held inside a correctional
institution or penal
establishment BJMP, DSWD (Bahay
Pag Asa), BUCOR Jails and Prisons.
CORRECTION

A branch of the Criminal Justice

System concerned with the custody,
supervision and rehabilitation and
reformation of criminal offenders.
 PENAL MANAGEMENT
Refers to the manner or
practice of managing or
controlling places and all
resources of confinement
as in jails or prisons.
 CORRECTIONAL
It is the ADMINISTRATION
practice or utilization of
a systematic
management of jails or prisons and
other
institutions concerned with the
custody,
treatment, and rehabilitation and
reformation of criminal offenders.
PENOLOGY

The study of punishment for

crime or of criminal offenders. It
includes the study of control and
prevention of crime through
punishment of criminal offenders.
ETYMOLOGY OF THE WORD
PENOLOGY

The term is derived from the Latin

word
“POENA” which means pain or
suffering and
“POENALIS” which means
punishment.
 PENALTY AND PUNISHMENT
Penalty- It refers to the suffering that
is inflicted by the state for the
transgression of the law.

Punishment- General term, it is the

redress that the state takes against an
offending member of society that
usually involves pain and suffering.
 PURPOSES/JUSTIFICATIONS OF
PUNISHMENT

1.Retribution
2.Expiation or Atonement
3.Deterrence
4.Incapacitation and Protection
5.Reformation or Rehabilitation
 1. Retribution (PERSONAL VENGEANCE/
REVENGE)
The punishment should be provided
by the state whose sanction is
violated to afford the society or the
individual the opportunity of imposing
upon the offender suitable punishment
as might be enforced. Offenders
should be punished because they
deserve it.
 2. Expiation or Atonement (GROUP
VENGEANCE )

It is punishment in the form of

group vengeance where the
purpose is to appease the
offended public or group.
 3. Deterrence
Punishment gives lesson to the
offender by showing to others what
would happen to them if they violate
the law. Punishment is
imposed to warn potential offenders
that they cannot afford to do what
the offender has done.
 4. Incapacitation and Protection

Punishment is effected by placing

offenders in
prison so that society will be ensured from
further criminal depredations of criminals.
The public will be protected if the
offender has been held in conditions where
he cannot harm others especially the public.
 5. Reformation or Rehabilitation
It is the establishment of the usefulness
and responsibility of the offender.
Society's interest can be better served by
helping the prisoner to become law abiding
citizen and productive upon his return to the
community by requiring him to undergo
intensive program
of rehabilitation in prison
 SOCIAL JUSTIFICATION OF PENALTY:

1. Prevention – the state must punish the

criminal or prevent or suppress the danger
to the state arising from the criminal acts of
the offender.

2. Self-defense – the state has the right to

punish the criminal as measure of self-
defense so as to protect society from the
threat and wrong inflicted by the criminal.
3. Reformation – the object of punishment in
criminal cases is to correct and reform the
offender.

4. Exemplarity – criminal is punished by the

state as an act to deter others from
committing crimes.

5. Justice – that crime must be punished by

the state as an act of retributive justice, a
vindication of absolute right and moral violated
by the criminal.
 JURIDICAL CONDITIONS (LEGAL REQUISITES)
OF PENALTY
Punishment must be:
1. Productive of suffering – without
however affecting the integrity of the human
personality.
2. Commensurate with the offense –
different crimes must be punished with
different penalties
(Art. 25, RPC).
3. Personal – the guilty one must be the one
to be punished, no proxy
4. Legal – the consequence must be in
accordance with the law.
5. Equal – applicable for all persons.
(Uniformity in Application)
6. Certain – no one must escape its
effects.
7. Correctional – changes the attitude
of offenders and become law-abiding
citizens.
 EARLY FORMS OF PRISON DISCIPLINE:
1. Hard Labor - productive works.
2. Deprivation – deprivation of
everything except
the bare essentials of existence
3. Monotony – giving the same food that
is “off”
diet, or requiring the prisoners to perform
drab or
boring daily routine.
4. Uniformity – “we treat the prisoners alike”. “the
fault of one is the fault of all”.
5. Mass Movement – mass living in cell blocks,
mass eating, mass recreation, mass bathing.
6. Degradation – uttering insulting words or
languages on the part of prison staff to the prisoners
to degrade or break the confidence of prisoners.
7. Corporal Punishment – imposing brutal
punishment or employing physical force to
intimidate a delinquent inmate.
8. Isolation or Solitary Confinement –
noncommunication, limited news, “the lone wolf”.
 CONTEMPORARY FORMS OF PUNISHMENT:
1. Imprisonment – putting the offender in
prison for the purpose of protecting the public
against criminal activities and at the same time
rehabilitating the prisoners by requiring them to
undergo institutional treatment programs.

2. Parole - a conditional release of a prisoners

after serving part of his/her sentence in
prison for the purpose of gradually reintroducing
him/her to free life under the guidance and
supervision of a parole officer.
 3. Probation – a disposition whereby a
defendant after conviction of an offense, the
penalty of which does not exceed six years
imprisonment, is released subject to the
conditions imposed by the releasing court and
under the supervision of a probation officer.

4. Fine – an amount given as a compensation

for a criminal act.

5. Destierro – the penalty of banishing a person

from the place where he committed a crime,
prohibiting him to get near or enter the 25-
kilometer perimeter and 250km.
 THE PRIMARY SCHOOLS OF
PENOLOGY
The Classical School

It maintains the “doctrine of psychological

hedonism” or “free will”. That the
individual calculates pleasures and pains in
advance of action and regulates his conduct
by the result of his calculations.
The Neo-classical School

It maintained that while the classical

doctrine is correct in general, it should
be modified in certain details. Since
children and lunatics cannot
calculate the differences of
pleasures from pain, they should
not be regarded as criminals,
hence they should be free from
punishment.
The Positivist/Italian School

The school that denied individual

responsibility
and reflected non-punitive reactions to
crime and criminality. It adheres that
crimes, as any other act, is a natural
phenomenon. Criminals are
considered as sick individuals who
need to be treated by against them.
treatment programs rather than
punitive actions
HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE ON CORRECTION

• 13th Century – Securing Sanctuary A criminal could avoid

punishment by claiming refugee in a church for a period of 40
days at the end of which time he has compelled to leave the
realm by a road or path assigned to him.

• BENEFITS OF THE CLERGY In the 13th century, a compromise

between the church and the king, where in any member of the
clergy brought to trial in the king's court shall be cleaned from
the jurisdiction by the bishop or chaplain representing him and
placed under the authority of the ecclesiastical court.
• 16th Century – Transportation of criminals in
England, was authorized. At the end of the 16th
Century, Russia and other European countries
followed this system. It partially relieved
overcrowding of prisons.
GALLEYS
long, low, narrow, single
decked ships propelled
by sails, usually rowed
by criminals. A type of
ship used for
transportation of
criminals in the 16 the
century.
HULKS
Decrepit transport,
former warships used
to house prisoners in
the 18th and 19th
century. These were
abandoned warships
converted into prisons as
means of relieving
congestion of prisoners.
They were also called
“floating hells”.
17th C to late 18th C

Death Penalty became prevalent as a

form of punishment.
ANCIENT FORMS OF PUNISHMENT

1. Death Penalty / Capital

Punishment -Affected by burning,
beheading, hanging, breaking at the
wheels, pillory and other forms of
medieval executions.
2. Physical Torture / Corporal
Punishment -It is affected by
maiming, mutilation, whipping and
other inhumane or barbaric forms of
inflicting pain.
3. Social Degradation -The act of
putting the offender into shame or
humiliation.
4. Banishment or Exile / Ostracism /
Outlawry -The sending or putting away
of an offender which was carried out
either by prohibition against coming
into a specified territory such as an
island to where the offender has been
removed. – Presently known as Destierro.
5. Isolation or Solitary Confinement /
BARTOLINA – noncommunication, limited
FORMS OF PUNISHMENT
THROUGH PUBLIC HUMILIATION

1. Crucifixion -was used by the

Romans to add public humiliation to
a death penalty. Roman soldiers
would crucify people naked, and
using different tortuous positions as
a way to further humiliate them.
Crucified bodies were left to decay
on the cross for weeks, and crows
would come to feed on the corpses;
this can be seen as post-mortem
2. Pillory -is a wooden or
metal device mounted on a
post with three holes to fit
the head and the wrists.
The offender had to bend
down while standing up,
while his head and wrists
are trapped in the holes. He
had to remain in this
position for a certain
number of hours,
depending on the crime he
committed.
3. Branding -Human
branding or stigmatizing is
the process in which a
mark, usually a symbol
or ornamental pattern,
is burned into the skin
of a living person, with the
intention that the resulting
scar makes it permanent. It
is done by pressing a
burning, hot iron to the
person’s skin or body
which would result in a
wound caused by the
CORPORAL PUNISHMENT
THAT CAN EVEN RESULT TO
DEATH

1. Mutilation -Is the cutting

off of an organ of the body. As
punishment, mutilation is done in
accordance with the law of
retaliation or lex talionis.

2. Flagellation or flogging -is

the act of methodically beating
or whipping the human body.
3. Stoning -Stoning or
lapidation involves the tossing
of heavy rocks and stones at
the victim until death.

4. Iron Maiden -box-like

structure with the front half
hinged like and door so that a
person could be placed inside.
When the door was shut,
protruding spikes both back
and front entered the body
5. Impalement (Impaling) - a
form of capital punishment; it is
the penetration of an
organism by an object such as a
stake, pole, spear or hook, by
complete (or partial) perforation
of the body, often the central
body mass. Killing by piercing the
body with a spear or sharp pole.

6. Beheading or Decapitation
-is the cutting off of the head
from the body by using an ax or
sword.
7. Strangulation
Through Hanging -Hanging
is the strangulation by use of
a rope while the body is
suspended in the air. As
opposed to decapitation,
hanging was the standard
non-honorable form of the
death penalty
8. Guillotine -is a device
designed for carrying out
executions by decapitation. It
consists of a tall upright frame
in which a weighted and
angled blade is raised to the
top and suspended. The
condemned person is secured
at the bottom of the frame,
with his or her neck held
directly below the blade. The
blade is then released, to
fall swiftly and sever the
head from the body.
9. Garroting -is the strangulation
through the use of a metal collar. It is
done through the use of a garrote, a
wooden chair with an attached metal
in the shape of a loop for the neck.

10. Death by Musketry or Firing

Squad -Firing Squad refers to a group
of soldiers. Usually, all members of
the group are instructed to fire
simultaneously, thus preventing both
disruption of the process by a single
member and identification of the
member who fired the lethal shot. The
prisoner is typically blindfolded or
11. Electric Chair -as a
method of execution was
introduced in 1926 during
the American occupation.
It was used until 1976,
during the time of former
President Ferdinand
Marcos. Article 81 of the
Revised Penal Code is the
provision pertaining to the
death penalty.
THE AGE OF ENLIGHTENMENT

18TH CENTURY
It is a century of change.
It is the period of recognizing human dignity.
It is the movement of reformation
The period of introduction of certain reforms in
the correctional field by certain person
Gradually changing the old positive philosophy of
punishment to a more humane treatment of
prisoners with innovational programs.
NOTE: 1870-1880 (GOLDEN AGE OF PENOLOGY)
Republic Act No. 7659
An act to impose the death penalty on
certain heinous crimes, amending for that
purpose, the revised penal laws, as
amended, other special penal laws, and for
other purposes

Republic Act No. 8177

It is the law that designated lethal injection
as the method for carrying out the capital
punishment in the Philippines.-Developed in
1924 by an anesthesiologist in Nevada.
COMPONENTS OF CHEMICALS USED IN
LETHAL INJECTION:

a. SODIUM THIOPENTAL -a sleep inducing

barbiturate
b. PANCURONIUM BROMIDE -a drug capable
of paralyzing the muscles
c. POTASSIUM CHLORIDE -capable of stopping
heartbeat within seconds

Republic Act No. 9346

The law prohibiting the imposition of the death
penalty. It was approved on June 24, 2006.
TWO RIVAL PRISON IN THE EARLY
HISTORY OF IMPRISONMENT

AUBURN SYSTEM - confinement of

the prisoners in single cells at night
and congregate work in shops during
the day.

PENNSYLVANIA SYSTEM - were

confinement of the prisoners in their
own cells day and night.
Three major government functionaries involved in
the Philippine correctional system:

1. DOJ - supervises the national penitentiaries

through the Bureau of Corrections , administers the
parole and probation system through the Parole and
Probation Administration, and assists the President
in the grant of executive clemency through the
Board of Pardons and Parole.
2. DILG - supervises the provincial, district, city
and municipal jails through the provincial
governments and the Bureau Management of Jail
and Penology, respectively.
3. DSWD - supervises the regional rehabilitation
centers for youth offenders through the Bureau of
BUREAU OF JAIL
MANAGEMENT
AND PENOLOGY
THE BUREAU OF JAIL MANAGEMENT AND
PENOLOGY

Created by virtue of RA 6975, otherwise

known as the Department of the Interior and
Local Government Act of 1990, which took
effect on January 2, 1991.

Section 60 of RA 6975

Republic Act No. 9263 otherwise known as

the Bureau of Fire Protection and Bureau of
Jail Management and Penology
MANDATE

• The BJMP exercises administrative and

operational jurisdiction over all district, city and
municipal jails. It is a line bureau of the
Department of the Interior and Local
Government (DILG).
 JAIL DEFINED
It is a place for locking-up persons
who are convicted of minor offenses
or felonies who are to serve a short
sentences imposed upon them by a
competent court, or for confinement
of persons who are awaiting trial or
investigation of their cases
 ORIGIN OF THEWORD JAIL
It is said to have been derived from the
Spanish word JAULA / CAULA which
means a CAGE.
It is also said to have been derived
from the French word GAOL
pronounced as "geole", a place for the
arrested criminals.
 TYPES OF JAILS
1. Lock-up Jail - Is a security facility, common
to police stations, used for temporary
confinement of individual held for investigation.
2. Ordinary Jails - The type of jail commonly
used to detain a convicted criminal offender who
serves three years or less.
3. Workhouse, Jail Farms or Camp - Facility
that houses minimum custody offenders who are
serving short sentences or those who are
undergoing constructive work programs. It
provides full employment of prisoners, remedial
services and constructive leisure time activities.
FUNCTIONS

a. to enhance and upgrade organizational

capability on a regular basis; thus, making all
BJMP personnel updated on all advancements in
law enforcement eventually resulting in greater
crime solution efficiency and decreased inmate
population.
b. to implement strong security measures for the
control of inmates
c. to provide for the basic needs of inmates
d. to conduct activities for the rehabilitation of
inmates
e. to improve jail facilities and conditions.
DEFINITION OF TERMS

Carpeta
• otherwise known as “inmate record or
jacket”, contains the personal and criminal
records of inmates, documents related to his/her
incarceration such as but not limited to:
commitment order, subpoenas, personal
identification, orders from the court, and all
other papers necessarily connected with the
detention of an inmate.
Mittimus Order
• a warrant issued by a court bearing its seal
and the signature of the judge, directing the jail
or prison authorities to receive inmates for the
Commitment Order
• a written order of the court, or any other
agency authorized by law to issue, entrusting an
inmate to a jail for the purpose of safekeeping
during the pendency of his/her case.
Contraband
• any article, item, or thing prohibited by law
and/or forbidden by jail rules that would pose as
security hazards or endanger the lives of inmates.
Illegal Contraband
• are those that are unlawful in themselves and
not because of some extraneous circumstances
(i.e. dangerous drugs, weapons, potential
 Nuisance Contraband
• are those that may not be classified as illegal
under the Philippine laws but are forbidden by jail
rules i.e. cellphone, money or other commodities
of exchange such as jewelry, appliances and
gadgets, excessive wearing apparels and sleeping
paraphernalia, intoxicating liquors, cigarettes,
pornographic materials, gambling paraphernalia
etc.
Conjugal Visitation
• refers to the visit by the wife/husband for a
short period, usually an hour, more or less, to
her/his incarcerated husband/wife during which
they are allowed privacy and are generally
REVISED POLICY ON CONJUGAL VISITATION (BJMP-LS0-MC-
69)
• CONJUGAL VISITATION — refers to the visit by the
wife/husband for a short period, usually an hour, more or less, to
his/her incarcerated husband/wife during which they are allowed
to privacy and are generally understood to have sexual contact.
• all interested female PDL shall receive an “implant” or “depot
medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA)”, or their variants, to
prevent the occurrence of pregnancy and to qualify from availing
the privilege or her legal or common-law spouse has undergone
sterilization.
• On schedule basis and shall only be availed once a month.
• From Tuesday to Sunday only and maximum of two (2) hours.
• Tues- Fri = 1 to 5pm
• Sat - Sun = 8am to 12 noon; and 1 to 5 pm
Drug Dependents
• are those inmates who have a
psychological craving for habituation to and
abuse of or physiologic reliance on a
chemical/drug substance.
Drug Users
• are those inmates who take
substances/drugs that can alter their body and
mind works.
Escape-Prone Inmates
• are inmates who are likely and have the
tendency to escape from the jail facility.
Detainee
• a person who is accused before a court or
competent authority and is temporarily confined
in jail while undergoing or awaiting
investigation, trial, or final judgment.
Prisoner
• an inmate who is convicted by final
judgment.
Inmate
• is the generic term used to refer to a
detainee or prisoner.
Infirmed Inmates
• are those inmates who are physically or
mentally weak for a prolonged period of time
specifically caused by age or illness.
Inmates with Disability
• are those inmates who have an impairment
that may be physical, cognitive, mental, sensory,
emotional, developmental, or some combination
of these.
Instrument of Restraint
• a device, contrivance, tool or instrument
used to hold back, keep in, check or control
inmates; e.g., handcuffs.
• any untoward or uncommon actions, events, or
conditions such as jail break, riot, noise barrage,
stabbing or assault upon personnel that occurs in jail
and perpetrated by any person, which may or may
not have followed or depended upon another action
of grave or serious consequences such as escape,
injury, death, fire, flood, earthquake, or other
calamity which affects the jail.
Jailbreak
• the escape from jail by more than two (2)
inmates by the use of force, threat, violence or
deceit or by breaching security barriers such as by
scaling the perimeter fence, by tunneling and/or by
other similar means or by burning or destructing of
the facility or a portion of the facility with or without
Jail escape
• it is an act of leaving from jail of an inmate
through unofficial and illegal ways or without any
legal order from the authorities.
Rehabilitation
• a program of activity directed to restore an
inmate’s self-respect and sense of responsibility to
the community, thereby making him/her a law-
abiding citizen after serving his/her sentence.
Reformation
• means amending or improving by changing
inmate's behavior or removing his or her faults or
abuse and removing or correcting an abuse a
wrong or error.
Senior Citizens Inmates
• are those inmates who have reached sixty
years old, or those who have retired from work,
and those who generally belong to the "old age"
bracket.
Sex Offenders
• are those inmates who committed crimes
involving sex, including rape, molestation, acts of
lasciviousness, sexual harassment and
pornography production or distributions.
Sexual Deviate
• inmates who have a type of mental disorder
characterized by a preference for or obsession with
unusual sexual practices, as pedophilia,
sadomasochism, or exhibitionism or inmates whose
Suicidal Inmates
• are those inmates who have a tendency to
commit suicide or to harm themselves.
Bisexual
• are those inmates who have a sexual attraction or
sexual behavior toward both males and females, and
may also encompass sexual attraction to people of
any gender identity or to a person irrespective of that
person’s biological sex or gender.
Gay
• is a male homosexual inmate, who experiences
romantic love or sexual attraction to fellow male
inmates.
Lesbian
• is a female homosexual inmate, who experiences
romantic love or sexual attraction to fellow female
Transgender
• are those inmates whose gender identity or
gender expression does not match with their
innate sexual identity.
Safekeeping
• refers to the temporary custody of a person for
his/her own protection from the community he or
she comes from, and for the community he or she
comes from.
Custody
• the maintenance of care and protection
accorded to people who by authority of law
COMMITMENT AND CLASSIFICATION
OF PRISONERS AND DETAINEES

COMMITMENT - means entrusting for

the confinement of an inmate to a jail by
a competent court or authority, for the
purposes of safekeeping during the
pendency of his/her case
COURTS AND OTHER ENTITIES AUTHORIZED TO
COMMIT A PERSON TO JAIL

a. Supreme Court;
b. Court of Appeals;
c. Sandiganbayan;
d. Regional Trial Court;
e. Metropolitan/Municipal Trial Court;
f. Municipal Circuit Trial Court;
g. Congress of the Philippines; and
h. All other administrative bodies or persons
authorized by law to arrest and commit a person to
jail.
CLASSIFICATION
Refers to assigning or to grouping of
inmates according to their respective
penalty, gender, age, nationality,
health, criminal records, etc.

CATEGORIES OF INMATES
a. Prisoner - inmate who is convicted
by final judgment.
b. Detainee - inmate who is
undergoing investigation/trial or
CLASSIFICATION OF PRISONERS
a. National/Insular Prisoner - one who is
sentenced to a prison term of three (3) years and
one (1) day to reclusion perpetua or life
imprisonment; 3YRS- 1D-RP/LI
b. Provincial Prisoner - one who is sentenced
to a prison term of six (6) months and one (1) day
to three (3) years; 6M- 1D- 3YRS
c. City Prisoner - one who is sentenced to a
prison term of one (1) day to three (3) years; 1D-
3YRS.
d. Municipal Prisoner - one who is sentenced
to a prison term of one (1) day to six (6) months.
1D- 6M
CLASSIFICATION OF DETAINEES
a. Undergoing investigation;
b. Awaiting or undergoing trial; and
c. Awaiting final judgment.
INMATES SECURITY CLASSIFICATION

a. High Profile Inmate - those who require

increased security based on intense media
coverage or public concern as a result of their
offense such as but not limited to those who
have been involved in a highly controversial or
sensationalized crime or those who became
prominent for being a politician, government
official, multi-million entrepreneur, religious or
cause-oriented group leader and movie or
television personality.
b. High Risk Inmate - those who are
considered highly dangerous and who
require a greater degree of security,
control and supervision because of their
deemed being capability of escape, of
rescued, and their ability to launch or
spearhead acts of violence inside the
jail. This includes those charged with
heinous crimes such as murder,
kidnapping for ransom, economic
sabotage, syndicated or organized
c. Medium Risk Inmates -those who
represent a moderate risk to the public and
staff. These inmates still require greater
security, control and supervision as they
might escape from and might commit violence
inside the jail.
d. Minimum Risk Inmates (Ordinary
Inmates) - those inmates who have lesser
tendencies to commit offenses and generally
pose the least risk to public safety. In most
cases, they may be first time offenders and
are charged with light offenses.
e. High Value Target (HVT) - a target,
either a resource or a person, who may
either be an enemy combatant, high
ranking official or a civilian in danger of
capture or death, typically in possession of
critical intelligence, data, or authority
marked as an objective for a mission and
which a commander requires for the
successful completion of the same.
f. Security Threat Group - any formal or
informal ongoing inmates’ group, gang,
organization or association consisting of three or
more members falling into one of the following
basic categories: street gangs, prison gangs,
outlaw gangs, traditional organized crime,
aboriginal gangs, subversive groups and terrorist
organizations.
g. Subversive Group - a group of persons
that adopts or advocates subversive principles
or policies tending to overthrow or undermine an
established government.
h. Terrorist Group - a group of persons that
commits any of the following: piracy and mutiny
in the high seas or in the Philippine waters,
rebellion or insurrection, coup d’état, murder,
kidnapping and serious illegal detention, crimes
involving destruction, arson, hijacking, violation
of laws on toxic substances and hazardous and
nuclear waste control, violations of atomic energy
regulations, anti-piracy and antihighway robbery,
illegal and unlawful possession, manufacture,
dealing in, acquisition or disposition of firearms,
ammunitions or explosives.
i. Violent Extremist Offender (VEO) - a
person whose political or religious
ideologies are considered far outside the
mainstream attitudes of the society or who
violates common moral standards and who
has adopted an increasingly extreme ideals
and aspirations resorting to the
employment of violence in the furtherance
of his/her beliefs.
REQUIREMENTS FOR COMMITMENT

No person shall be committed to any jail

facility without the following required
documents:
a. Commitment Order;
b. Medical Certificate - recent medical
certificate taken within 24 hours prior to
admission;
c. Complaint/Information;
d. Police Booking Sheet; and
e. Certificate of Detention from PNP
RECEPTION PROCEDURES
1. GATER

He or she checks the credentials of the person bringing

the inmate/the committing officer to determine his/her
identity and authority. Also, he or she reviews
completeness the of the following documents before
the person bringing an inmate/the committing officer is
allowed to enter the facility. The documents mentioned
earlier refer to the:
a. Commitment Order;
b. Medical Certificate – recent medical certificate
taken within 24 hours prior to admission;
c. Complaint/Information;
d. Police Booking Sheet; and
e. Certificate of Detention from PNP and/or NBI.
Additionally, the "gater" shall subject the person
to be committed and his/her escorts for search
and inspection as prescribed. Finally, he or she
(gater) refers the person to be committed and
his or her escorts to the Records Unit.

PAT/FRISK SEARCH - is a search wherein the

officer pats or squeezes the subject’s clothing to
attempt to detect contraband. For same gender
searches the Pat/Frisk search is normally
accomplished in concert with Rub Search.
RUB SEARCH - is a search wherein the officer
rubs and/or pats the subject’s body over the
clothing, but in a more intense and thorough
manner. In a rub search, the genital, buttocks,
and breast (of females) areas are carefully
rubbed-areas, which are not searched in a
frisk/pat search. Rub searches shall not be
conducted on cross-gender individuals.

STRIP SEARCH - is a search, which involves

the visual inspection of disrobed or partially
disrobed subject.
VISUAL BODY CAVITY SEARCH - is a
search, which involves the inspection of
the anus and/or vaginal area, generally
requiring the subject to bend over and
spread the cheeks of the buttocks; to
squat and/or otherwise expose body
cavity orifices.
2. RECORDS UNIT

This unit examines the completeness

and authenticity of the requirements for
(Commitment Order, Booking Sheet,
Arrest Report and Information) before it
refers the inmate for examination by
the Health Unit.
3. HEALTH UNIT

Checks the authenticity of the entries in the medical

certificate; conducts thorough physical examination of
the inmate to determine his or her true physical
condition; and asks searching questions to determine
injury/injuries found to have been sustained by the
inmate after the conduct of medical examination or
those injuries not diagnosed prior to commitment in
jail. Inmate is required to undress while undergoing
medical examination. A female inmate shall be
examined by female health personnel. A male inmate
may be examined by either male or female health
personnel;
4. RECORDS UNIT

Receives the inmate and the documents from the

committing officer and conducts the following:
Start the booking procedures:
a. Accomplish the jail booking sheet;
b. Strip-search the inmate to check for any birth
marks, tattoos, etc;
c. Encode the inmate's information to the NIMS;
d. Fingerprint and photograph the inmate with mug
shot background; and
e. List the names of the visitors authorized by the
inmate.
• The person’s “immediate family”
shall include his or her spouse, fiancé or
fiancée, parent or child, brother or
sister, grandparent or grandchild, uncle
or aunt, nephew or niece, and guardian
or ward.
• Apprise the inmate in a dialect that
he/she understands of the provisions of
Art 29 of the RPC which was further
amended by R.A. 10592;
• Facilitate the signing of the Detainee’s
Manifestation if he/she agrees to abide by the
same disciplinary rules imposed upon
convicted inmates. Otherwise, the warden
issues a certification under oath manifesting
that the inmate was apprised of the provision
of Art 29 of the RPC as amended and refused to
abide by the same (period of preventive
imprisonment deducted from term of
imprisonment); and

• Store all documents in the Inmate’s Carpeta.

5. PROPERTY CUSTODIAN

a. Checks the inmate’s belongings for presence

of contraband. Discovery of any contraband shall
be treated in accordance with existing policies.
b. Takes all cash and other personal properties
from the inmate, lists them down on a receipt
form with duplicate, duly signed by him/her and
countersigned by the inmate. The original receipt
should be given to the inmate and the duplicate
be kept by the Property Custodian.
c. Keeps all cash and other valuables
of the inmate in a safety vault. Said
cash and valuables may be turned over
to any person authorized by the
inmate.
d. Refers the inmate to the desk
officer.
6. DESK OFFICER

• Books the newly committed inmate

in the jail blotter; assigns the inmate to
a reception area, if any, where he/she
shall be scheduled for orientation on jail
rules and regulation, and shall undergo
risk assessment and classification,
evaluation and conduct of further
medical evaluation/screening by the
Medical Officer.
7. ASSISTANT WARDEN OR OFFICER
OF THE DAY

• Orients the newly committed

inmates on jail rules and regulations
using the Inmate’s Orientation Sheet.
8. JAIL WARDEN

• Coordinates with concerned agencies regarding

the case of inmate for speedy disposition and to
furnish them with copies of the available needed
documents. The jail warden shall see to it that all
concerned agencies and persons will be informed of
the commitment of the inmate in his/her jail by
submitting a written report. Through his/her paralegal
officer, he/she shall ensure that the courts and
prosecutors’ office are attending to the case of the
inmate by constantly coordinating with them for the
purpose of speeding up the disposition of the case.
For this purpose, the sharing of nonconfidential
information with the concerned agencies is
encouraged.
CLASSIFICATION BOARD

Chairperson - Assistant Warden

Member - Chief, Custodial/Security
Office
Member - Medical Officer/Public Health
Officer
Member - Jail Chaplain
Member - Inmates Welfare and
Development Officer
DUTIES AND FUNCTIONS OF THE
CLASSIFICATION BOARD
• The Classification Board is tasked
to conduct background investigation
of inmates to determine the cell
assignment, the appropriate
rehabilitative program, the type of
supervision and degree of custody and
restrictions applicable to the inmate/s.
The investigation shall focus on the
following:
a. Facts and data of the present case;
b. Inmate's recent criminal history and the
facts about the inmate's attitudes and behavior
while confined in other institutions, if the
inmate is a recidivist or a habitual delinquent;
c. Biography or life history;
d. Medical History;
e. Vocational, recreational, educational and
religious background/interests; and
f. Psychological characteristics as evaluated
by the psychiatrist and psychologist.
CLASSIFICATION
PROCESS
a. Admission of Inmate - Once the
inmate has undergone the registration
process; he/she will be temporarily housed
at the Inmate Classification and Counseling
Unit (ICCU) in jails where it is available. The
inmate shall stay at the ICCU for a
minimum period of thirty (30) days but not
exceeding sixty (60) days or until the
completion of the classification process. At
the ICCU, the newly committed inmate will
undergo assessment by the different health
professionals.
b. Medical Examination - The jail
medical Officer or the jail officer designated
nurse of the Health Unit will conduct a
thorough physical examination on the
newly committed inmate and will note
down significant bodily marks, scars,
tattoos and lesions based on the medical
certificate presented by the committing
officer. He or she must ensure that his/her
findings are congruent to the medical
certificate presented.
c. Dental Examination - The jail
dentist shall perform a thorough dental
examination and recording of his or her
findings. The record shall bear the
signature of the dentist who conducted
the examination. Dental issues that
need immediate attention shall be so
attended to accordingly.
d. Psychological Examination - The
jail psychologist-in-charge shall conduct
psychological examination to determine
the inmate’s psychological state at the
time of examination.
e. Social Case Study - The jail social worker
at the ICCU shall conduct in-depth interview with
the newly admitted inmate, an interview that
considers the "who the inmate is" from birth up
to the present including his/her familial,
educational, social, vocational and other issues
that has an impact on his/her personality.
f. Risk Assessment - A risk
assessment tool shall be utilized to
determine the level of violence/risk the
inmate poses, either external or
internal. This will help in the proper
classification and segregation of
inmates and in the design of specific
development plans.
g. Psychiatric Evaluation - Using the
results of the psychological
examination, social case study, and risk
assessment, the psychiatrist conducts
a psychiatric evaluation to determine
the present mental state of the inmate
and to diagnose any existing
psychiatric illness for further treatment.
The result will be recorded and shall
bear the signature of the psychiatrist
who conducted the examination.
h. Case Management - The case
manager shall be responsible for the
consolidation of all the results and shall
make the proper decision as to the
classification of the inmates and the
identification development programs
for each inmate.
i. Inmate Orientation and
Counseling - While undergoing
assessment, the inmate shall be
oriented on the basic jail rules and
regulations. He/she shall be introduced
to the different development programs
that would best promote his/her
personal growth. In this phase, the
newly committed inmate shall likewise
undergo counseling for him/her to
develop better coping skills thereby
preventing psychological imbalance in
j. Inmate Evaluation and
Classification - Using the different
tools of assessment, the newly
committed inmate will now be classify
based on their physical, mental and
emotional state.
k. Proper cell Assignment and
Development Plans - Based on the
results of the final evaluation, the
inmate may then be assigned to the
cell that is deemed best for his/her
growth and well-being. The newly
committed inmate is encouraged to
participate in the recommended
development programs.
l. Monitoring - After the inmate has
been transferred to his/her assigned
cell and has been attending the
prescribed development programs, the
case manager shall periodically
monitor, and change and enhance
inmate's development program/s
depending on his or her behavioral
progress.
DISCIPLINARY BOARD

• A disciplinary board shall be

organized and maintained for the
purpose of hearing disciplinary cases
involving any inmate who violates jail
rules and regulations.
It shall be composed of the following:

Chairperson - Assistant Warden

Member - Chief, Custodial/Security Office
Member - Medical Officer/Public Health Officer
Member - Chief, Paralegal Unit
Member - Chief, Welfare and Development
Officer
Observers - 2 PDL Representatives
Secretariat - Records Officer

• If the above composition is not feasible

because of personnel limitation, the warden shall
perform the board’s functions and he shall act as
DUTIES AND FUNCTIONS OF THE
DISCIPLINARY BOARD
• The Board is tasked to investigate the
facts of an alleged misconduct referred to it.
All cases referred to it shall be heard and
decided within seventy- two (72) hours from
the date of receipt of the referral for
disciplinary action. Proceedings before the
Board shall be confidential in character,
inquisitorial and summary in nature.
PROCEDURES IN THE HEARING OF
DISCIPLINARY CASES

- Filing of complaint against PDL by a private

complainant or upon the instruction of Jail Warden.

- Desk officer shall immediately refer to the Jail

Investigation Unit for investigation
- Jail Investigation Unit will conduct summary fact-
finding investigation. Witnesses and PDL shall be
summoned for collection or confirmation of their
statements.
- Jail Investigation Unit shall submit to the Warden
a minute
resolution of its findings together with its
• Warden shall evaluate the report:
• no sufficient evidence = dismiss the case
• with sufficient evidence = endorse to the Board/
decide it by himself as summary disciplinary officer
• Upon receipt of the endorsement from the Warden, the
Board, within forty eight (48) hours, shall convene and
evaluate the report and evidence presented.

• pleads guilty = impose disciplinary action

• denies = conduct clarificatory question(decide w/in or
after 48 hrs)
• The Board shall submit its report and decision to the Jail
Warden without undue delay for review and approval.
FOR INMATES
• For Detainees:

a. Admonition or verbal reprimand; lowest form of

punishment
b. Restitution or reparation;
c. Temporary or permanent cancellation of all or
some recreational privileges;
d. reduction of visiting time;
e. Close confinement in a cell for a period not
exceeding
fifteen (15) days, however, that this disciplinary
action shall
be imposed only in the case of an incorrigible PDL,
and when
other disciplinary measures had been proven
exceeding thirty (30) days, provided that this sanction shall
not apply to the legal counsel of the PDL, including
immediate family members, physician and religious
minister serving his needs except when the misconduct
committed by the PDL is attempted escape, in which case,
said persons may be permitted to visit the PDL for a limited
period and only for the purpose of serving his needs;

g. Transfer to another BJMP jail in the area in coordination

with the Court;

h. Permanent cancellation of visiting privileges with respect

to persons not included in the definition of immediate
family under RA 7438, provided that this sanction shall not
apply to the lawyer, physician or religious minister serving
the needs of the prisoner.
(BJMP)
An inmate may be brought out from a jail in any of
the following
instances:
1. To appear as witness or as accused before any
court of justice during preliminary investigation,
arraignment or hearing of a criminal case;
2. To appear as witness with leave of court in any
investigation or formal inquiry being conducted
by a government agency;
3. To view with leave of court the remains of a
deceased relative within the second degree of
affinity or consanguinity; and
4. To undergo with leave of court medical
5. For those inmates who wish to view the remains of a
deceased relative, leave of court shall first be obtained. But
the inmate must satisfy the following conditions:
• The deceased relative is lying in state in a place not
beyond thirty (30) kilometers radius from the place of
confinement of the inmate,
• If beyond 30 km, the inmate must return to prison
during daylight hours;
• The inmate has no record of escape; and
• The inmate is not classified as high risk or high profile
and the jail has adequate resources to ensure his safety
and security.
• It shall be the duty of the inmate to pay for his
transportation and meal expenses, including those of
the jail officers escorting him. He must pay the
necessary amount before he will be allowed to leave.
MODES AND GUIDELINES FOR
RELEASE
1. An inmate may be released through:
a. Service of sentence;
b. Order of the Court;
c. Parole;
d. Pardon; and
e. Amnesty.
2. Before an inmate is released, he/she
shall be properly identified to ensure
that he/she is the same person received
and is subject of release. His/her marks
and fingerprints shall be verified with
those taken when he/she was received.
Any changes or differences in his/her
distinguishing marks and scars shall be
investigated to ascertain his/her real
identity in order to prevent the
mistaken release of another person;
3. No inmate shall be released on a mere verbal
order or an order relayed via telephone. The
release of an inmate by reason of acquittal,
dismissal of case, payment of fines and/or
indemnity, or filing of bond, shall take effect
only upon receipt of the release order served by
the court process server. The court order shall
bear the full name of the inmate, the crime
he/she was charged with, the criminal case
number and such other details that will enable
the officer in charge to properly identify the
inmate to be released;
4. Upon proper verification from the court of the
authenticity of the order, an inmate shall be
released promptly and without unreasonable
delay;

5. Under proper receipt, all money earned, other

valuables held and entrusted by the inmate
upon admission, shall be returned to him/her
upon release; and

6. The released inmate shall be issued a

certification of discharge from jail by the warden
or his/her authorized representative.
PROCEDURE ON RELEASING

1. Desk Officer
Upon receipt of release order, the
desk officer shall coordinate with the
paralegal officer for verification of
the authenticity of said order.
2. Paralegal Officer
Verifies the authenticity of the
release order.
3. Records/Admin Officer
a. Starts processing inmate’s release.
b. Checks inmate records to ensure
that the data in the release order
coincide with the data in the inmate’s
carpeta (spelling of name, offense,
Criminal Case Number, etc.).
c. Checks that the inmate has no other
pending case/s.
d. Routes the release paper to different
signatories.
4. Property Custodian
a. Checks on the receipt of property and returns to
the inmate his/her deposited items.
b. Makes sure that returned items of the inmate are
duly received and properly recorded.
5. Desk Officer
Records the release of inmate and the condition of
the inmate upon his/her release.
6. Jail Warden
Reports to concerned agencies/persons the release
of inmate for aftercare program.
ORGANIZATION AND KEY POSITIONS
IN THE BJMP
• The Bureau shall be headed by a
chief with the rank of Director, and
assisted by a 2 Deputy Chief with the
Rank of Chief Superintendent.
• The Central Office is the Command
and Staff HQ of the Jail Bureau
composed of 3 Command Groups, 6
Coordinating Staff Divisions, 6 Special
Staff Groups and 6 Personal Staff
Groups namely:
• Command Groups
1st Chief, BJMP (Director)
2nd Deputy chief for Admin (Chief Supt)
3rd Deputy chief for Operation (Chief
Supt)
4th Chief of Directorial Staff (Chief
Supt)
APPOINTMENT OF UNIFORMED PERSONNEL
(BJMP)
Rank Appointing authority Recommendation
Attestation Endorsement
Jail Officer I to Senior Jail Officer IV -
Regional Director (Region) and Chief, BJMP
(NHQ), recommended by immediate superior
Jail Inspector to Jail Superintendent - Chief,
BJMP, recommended by immediate superior
Jail Senior Superintendent - DILG Secretary,
recommended by Chief BJMP
Jail Chief Superintendent To Jail Director -
President of the republic of the Philippines
MANNING LEVEL PERSONNEL TO
INMATE RATIO
✓Custodial ratio – 1: 7 inmates
✓Court room ratio – 2:1 inmate
✓Escort ratio – 1:1 + 1
✓Long distance travel – minimum of 3
personnel
✓Reformation officer ratio – 1: 24
inmates
✓Health and welfare personnel-to-
inmate ratio - 1:80 inmates
✓Education and training personnel-to-
inmate ratio - 1:120 inmates
✓Behavior modification personnel-to-
inmate ratio – 1:150 inmates
✓Work and livelihood personnel-to-
inmate ratio – 1:180 inmates
✓Sports and recreation personnel-to-
inmate ratio - 1:225 inmates
✓Moral and spiritual personnel to
inmate ratio - 1:240 inmates
SPECIAL TACTICS AND REPONSE (STAR) TEAM
Duties and Responsibilities:
• 1) Shall serve as the last resort in addressing crisis in jail.
• 2) Shall augment the force during court hearings of high risk/high
profile inmates and other similar tasks.
• 3) Escorts high ranking/key officers and other dignitaries of state.
• 4) Performs other task/functions as the Chief, BJMP/Regional
Director may direct.
Team Composition:
• 1. Team Leader
• 2. Assistant Team Leader
• 3. Communication JNCO
• 4. Supply JNCO
• 5. Other Members
QUICK RESPONSE TEAM (QRT)
• It is created purposely to respond immediately and efficiently
and to contain, control, and solve in the shortest possible time
any form of jail incidents/disturbance while waiting for the
arrival of reinforcement from the National/Regional STAR
team/s and friendly forces.
Duties and Responsibilities:
Acts as first responder to any jail incidents.
• 1) Alarm -gives the alarm through siren, whistle, shouting,
etc.
• 2) Contain - isolates/cordons the affected area.
• 3) Report - provides correct and precise information about
the situation.
• 4) Evaluate - evaluates damage to equipment and facilities; -
GREYHOUND FORCE
• It aims to eliminate in all BJMP manned facilities any
form of contrabands that could have adverse
implications on overall administration of the facilities
and to ultimately establish order in all jails, promote
operational efficiency and encourage adherence to
prescribed operating policies.

NATIONAL INMATES’ MONITORING SYSTEM (NIMS)

• A dynamic stand-alone client application software is
used in Bureau of Jail Management and Penology (BJMP)
Jails nationwide in automating the inmates’ records.
 BUREAU OF
CORRECTIONS
• The Bureau of Corrections, or BuCor,
is an attached agency to the
Department of Justice.
• It is the only primary institution in
the corrections pillar that provides full
custody and rehabilitation programs for
the transformation of insular prisoners,
those sentenced to more than three (3)
years to life imprisonment.
Act No. 1407 or the Reorganization Act of 1905
• approved on November 1, 1905. It created the Bureau of Prisons
under the office of the Department of Commerce and Police.

Executive Order No 292 or Administrative Code of 1987

• renamed the Bureau of Prisons into the Bureau of Corrections.

Republic Act No. 10575 or The BUCOR Act of 2013

• It aims to strengthen, modernize, professionalize and restructure
the BuCor by upgrading its facilities, increasing the number of its
personnel, upgrading the level of qualifications of its personnel
and standardizing their salaries, retirement and other benefits.
THE MANDATES OF BUCOR
1. Safekeeping (Custodial Component)
• Refers to the act that ensures the public, including families of
inmates and their victims, that national inmates are provided
with their basic needs, completely incapacitated from further
committing criminal acts, and have been totally cut off from
their criminal networks or contacts in the free society while
serving sentence inside the premises of the national
penitentiary.-
• The safekeeping of inmates include decent provision of
quarters, food, water and clothing in compliance with
established United Nations standards.
• Shall be undertaken by the Custodial Force consisting of the
corrections officers with the ranking system and salary grades
similar to the BJMP.
• 2. Reformation (Rehabilitation Component)
• Refers to the acts which ensure the public, including families of inmates
and their victims, that released national inmates are no longer harmful
to the community by becoming reformed individuals prepared to live a
normal and productive life upon reintegration to the mainstream society.
• The reformation of national inmates shall include the following:
• 1. Moral and spiritual program
• 2. Education and training program
• 3. Work and livelihood program
• 4. Sports and recreation program
• 5. Health and welfare program; and
• 6. Behavior modification program, to include therapeutic community.
• Shall be undertaken by professional reformation personnel consisting of
corrections technical officers with ranking systems and salary grades
similar to corrections officers.
BUREAU OF CORRECTIONS PURPOSE OF
CONFINEMENT

a. to segregate him from society; and

b. to rehabilitate him so that upon his
return to society he shall be a
responsible and law-abiding citizen.
Classification
• Is the placing/assigning/grouping of
prisoners into types or categories for the
implementation of the best treatment programs.

Diversification
• It is the separation of different types of
inmates for sound execution of their treatment
and custody.
THE 7 PRISONS AND
PENAL FARMS IN THE
PHILIPPINES
1. SAN RAMON PRISON AND PENAL
FARM

• established on August 21, 1869 in

Zamboanga City during the time of
Governor General Ramon Blanco.
• It is the oldest operational prison in the
country.
• It was built purposely for Muslim rebels
and political offenders who went against
the Spanish government. Its original size
was 1,414 hectares.
2. IWAHIG PENAL COLONY

• created on November 16, 1904 and is

located in Puerto Princesa Palawan
• Sub-colonies: Central, Sta. Lucia,
Montible and Inagawan.
• Tagumpay Settlement – distributed to
released inmates who desire to live in the
settlement. (six hectares)
• Largest penal colony
• Prison without walls
• The best and the finest prison
3. CORRECTIONAL INSTITUTION FOR
WOMEN (CIW)

• On November 27, 1929, the Correctional

Institution for Women (CIW), originally
called Women’s Prison
• created under Act No. 3579, to provide
separate facilities for women offenders.
• It is located at Welfareville,
Mandaluyong City.
• All female inmates from the Old Bilibid
Prison
4. NEW BILIBID PRISON (NBP)

• established in Muntinlupa by virtue of

Commonwealth Act No. 67. On November
15, 1940, all inmates of the Old Bilibid
Prison in Manila were transferred to the
NBP.
• • it is divided into three compounds or
camps: maximum security, medium
security and minimum compounds.
• where the central office is found
THE THREE (3) SECURITY CAMPS
1. MAXIMUM SECURITY COMPOUND
(Main Building)
- life termers or those under capital
punishment,
- 20 yrs and above sentence
- those with pending cases, on appeal
- those under disciplinary punishment, those
under detention
- wears tangerine shirt
2. MEDIUM SECURITY COMPOUND (Camp
Sampaguita)
- below 20 yrs and those classified for colony
assignment.

3. MINIMUM SECURITY COMPOUND (Camp

Bukang Liwayway)
- for prisoners who are 65yrs old and above,
- medically certified as invalids
- have six months or less to serve before they
are released
- open camp with less restrictions and
5. DAVAO PRISON AND PENAL FARM

• located in the districts of Panabo and Tagum

in Davao del Norte.
• It originally was 30,000 hectares in size.
• largest income among all other institution
• During World War II, the colony was
converted into a concentration camp that
took in more than 1,000 Japanese
• It is divided into two (2) sub-colonies: the
Panabo sub-colony and Kapalong sub-colony.
• Tanglaw Settlement – released inmates
relocated homesteaders
6. SABLAYAN PRISON AND PENAL FARM

• nearest penal farm from NCR

• located in Occidental Mindoro
• 16,190 hectares in size.
• It has three sub-colonies: Central, Pusog,
Pasugui, Yapang,
• It is here in Sablayan that prisoners from the
National Bilibid Prison are transferred to
address problems on overcrowding in the NBP.
7. LEYTE REGIONAL PRISON

• It is located in Abuyog, Southern

Leyte.
• This prison receives convicted
offenders from Region 6 and from the
National Bilibid Prison.
• Youngest prison.
ORGANIZATION AND KEY POSITIONS OF
THE BUCOR

Head of the BuCor

• 1st in command
• Director General of Corrections (position
and title)
• Undersecretary (rank).
• appointed by the President upon the
recommendation of the Secretary of the
DOJ
• six (6) years term
• Without required rank.
Deputy Directors of Corrections
(Admin, Operation and
Reformation)
• 2nd in command
• Assistant Secretary (rank).
• appointed by the President upon the
recommendation of the Secretary of the
DOJ.
• six (6) years term
Corrections Chief Superintendent
• 3rd officer in command
• Chief Superintendent (rank)

Corrections Senior Superintendent

• 4th officer in command
• Senior Superintendent (rank)

Corrections Superintendent
• 5th officer in command
• Superintendent (rank)
CLASSIFICATION OF INMATES
AS TO SECURITY RISK
• are regarded as highly dangerous and high
security risk inmates. Included in this category
are:
i. those sentenced with Capital Offenses;
ii. those whose minimum sentence is above twenty
(20) years imprisonment;
iii. those whose sentences is on appeal before the
Court of Appeal or the Supreme Court;
iv. those with pending cases;
v. recidivists, habitual delinquents and escapees;
vi. those confined at the Reception and Diagnostic
center;
vii. those under disciplinary punishment or
safekeeping; and
viii. those who are criminally insane or those with
severe personality or emotional disorders that
• This shall include those who cannot be trusted in less
secured areas and those whose conduct or behavior
require minimum supervision.
• Under this category are:
i. those whose minimum sentence of imprisonment is twenty
(20) years and below;
ii. those who are below eighteen (18) years of age or considered
as Children in Conflict with the Law (CICL) ,regardless of the
case and sentence;
iii. those who have two (2) or more records of escapes. They can
be classified as medium security PDL if they have served
eight (8) years since they were recommitted. Those
with one (1) record of escape must serve five (5) years; and
iv. first offenders sentenced to life imprisonment. They may be
classified as medium security if they have served five (5)years
in a maximum security prison or less, upon the
recommendation of the Superintendent. Those who were
detained in a city and/or provincial jail shall not be entitled
3. MINIMUM SECURITY
• inmates are those who can be reasonably trusted
to serve their sentence under less restricted
conditions. Included in this category are:
i. those without pending case and whose convictions
are not on appeal;
ii. those with a severe physical handicap as certified by
the medical
officer of the prison;
iii. those who are sixty-five (65) years old and above;
iv. those who have served one-half (1/2) of their
minimum sentence or one-third (1/3) of their
maximum sentence, excluding Good Conduct Time
Allowance (GCTA); and
v. those who have only six (6) months more to serve
before the
Color of Uniform Based On Security
Classification (BuCor)
1. Maximum Security Inmates
(TANGERINE)
2. Medium Security Inmates (BLUE)
3. Minimum Security Inmates (BROWN)

Color of Uniform in City or

Municipal Jail (BJMP)
• The institutional color of the uniform
for both prisoners and detainees in any
city or municipal jail is YELLOW.
SECURITY PROCEDURES DURING
EMERGENCIES, RIOTS, ESCAPES OR
MAJOR DISTURBANCES

• Control Center shall be under the

command of the Superintendent or, in
his absence, the Assistant
Superintendent, and in the latter’s
absence, the most senior prison guard
present.
Control
Center shall immediately sound the alarm and the
Superintendent or
the Commander of the Guards shall be notified.
2. At the first sound of the alarm, all inmates shall be locked in
their
respective cells while those in work detail shall be
marched in orderly
manner to their cells.
3. The Armorer shall issue firearms to members of the
custodial force
who shall be immediately dispatched to strategic posts.
4. A head count shall be made simultaneously in the different
cells/quarter
of inmates to determine the identity of the escapee.
5. A Recovery Team shall be formed by the Superintendent to
proceed to
all known lairs, hangouts, residences and houses of
• In case of mass jail breaks, all members of the
custodial force shall be immediately issued firearms
and assigned to critical posts to seal off all possible
escape routes while teams search the prison
premises. Prison personnel who are off-duty shall be
required to report for duty immediately.

If any prison officer or employee is held hostage by

the escapee, reasonable caution to insure safety
shall be taken. If it is the Superintendent who is
taken as hostage, the Assistant Superintendent shall
assume command.
PROCEDURE DURING RIOTS AND DISTURBANCES

1. Sound the alarm

2. All visitors shall be immediately ushered out the
prison
3. All guards who are not on duty shall be directed to
immediately report to the Desk Officer. The most
senior guard present shall take command of the
custodial force and make assessment of the
situation.
4. All telephone calls to and from the prison
compound shall be controlled.
5. The Armorer shall issue the necessary anti-riot
equipment and firearms.
conditions, the guard in command shall deploy the
guards into the following groups:
1st Group – This is the initial wave of anti-riot
assault contingent who shall be armed with wicker
shields, protective headgear, gas masks and night
sticks or batons, when these are available. The
objectives of this group are to disperse the rioters
and get their leaders.
2nd Group – This is the back-up force of the 1st
Group who shall be equipped with tear gas guns
and gas grenades.
3rd Group – This is composed of guards who are
trained in the proper handling and use of firearms.
Under the direct command of the guard-in-charge,
• VISITATION BJMP - TUESDAY TO SUNDAY ONLY
MONDAY (WASHDAY)
TUESDAY TO FRIDAY (1:00PM TO 5:00PM)
SATURDAY TO SUNDAY (VISITOR ALLOWED ONE SCHED
ONLY)
8:00 AM – 12:00 NOON OR 1:00 PM TO 5:00 PM
ORDINARY INMATE – MAX OF 5
HIGH RISK INMATE – MAX OF 2 (30MINS TO 1HR ONLY)

• VISITATION BUCOR
NEW: WEDNESDAY TO SUNDAY (8:00AM TO 3:00 PM)
Procedures in Classification,
Admission and Confinement
of Inmates in the Bureau of
Corrections
The RDC shall receive a PDL from any competent
authority upon presentation of the original and/or
certified true copies of the following:

a. Mittimus or Commitment Order;

b. Information and Court Decision in the case;
c. Certificate of Detention, if any;
d. Certificate of on Appeal/ Non-Appeal and No
Pending Case;
e. Provincial Form 35/Jail Booking Sheet with Mug
Shots;
f. Detainees' Manifestation g. Certificate of
GCTA/TASTM/STAL;
a. Pregnancy Test (female offenders);
b. Medical Certificate and Medical records;
c. Chest X-ray result;
d. Drug Dependency Examination Certificate/Result, as
required in
the case decision; and
e. Other documents that may be required prior to the
admission

Any deficiency or lacking in the aforementioned requirements

shall be a sufficient ground for RDC to refuse or deny
admission.

Female PDL shall be received only at the CIW

CICL shall be committed directly to agricultural camps.
BODY SEARCH OF PDL AND PERSONAL BELONGINGS

Upon admission, the PDL shall be searched thoroughly.

He/She shall be allowed to possess such articles as
authorized. A list of all articles taken from the PDL shall be
entered in the PDL’s record and receipted by the Officer-
in-Charge thereof.

Any items that are not allowed inside the security camp in
possession of the newly transferred PDL shall be
confiscated and safekept subject for return to the
immediate family within the period of six (6) months
otherwise will be forfeited in favor of the government or to
be disposed of accordingly.
RECEIVING
Upon admission, the PDL shall be registered by the Receiving
Officer and processed accordingly.

• committed PDL shall be officially recorded in the registration

logbook and must contain the basic entries:
• Issuance of Certificate of Appearance to the Committing
Officer
• Taking of fingerprints conducted by the Identification Unit
and taking of mug shots and photographs for the Carpeta
conducted by Photography Unit.
• assign a PDL number
• Issuance of PDL Provisions
• Male PDL shall undergo the regulation haircut and his
beard/mustache must be shaved off.
ADMISSION AND CONFINEMENT OF PDL

• Reception and Diagnostic Center (RDC)

• Every newly committed PDL shall be mandatorily
housed at the RDC for not more than sixty (60) days,
comprising of a 5-day quarantine period and a 55-day
orientation, diagnostic evaluation, and initial security
classification, after which, he/she will be transferred
to his/her assigned correctional facility based on the
approved resolution of the RDC Initial Classification
Board.

The RDC shall be separate facility located outside of

the security camps
QUARANTINE

The PDL shall be placed in a regular quarantine Cell

for at least
five (5) days for medical observation, during which;

1. A Medical/Psychiatric Examination shall be given to

determine any handicap, physical or mental illness.
2. An Interview of the PDL by the Overseer Section
shall be made to gather data/information to
complete the Registration Form and are to be
provided to all Diagnostic Sections.
• names of his/her relatives or authorized visitors
ASSIGNMENT OF PDL
After the quarantine period, the PDL shall undergo: (55 days)
• mandatory orientation
• diagnostics, and
• classification

MANDATORY ORIENTATION
The PDL shall be oriented on :
• corrections facility’s rules and regulations
• PDL rights and privileges
• diagnostics & diagnostics procedures,
• PDL reformation programs
• health services,
• Time Allowance
• PDL Grievance Machinery
PDL DIAGNOSTICS
The PDL shall undergo procedures to be facilitated by the
different Diagnostics Assessment. The results of the said
examinations shall be the basis for the PDL’s recommended
reformation programs.
a. Medical Assessment
b. Sociology Assessment
c. Psychology Assessment
d. Educational Assessment
e. Vocational Skills Assessment

• The Case Coordination Section shall be in-charge with the

gathering of diagnostic reports, conduct of comprehensive
assessment and evaluation on PDL for the completion of CMR
(Conditional Medical Release) for submission to the RDC
Overseer.
RDC STAFF MEMBERS:

1. The Psychiatrist
2. The Psychologist
3. The Sociologist
4. The Educational Counselor
5. The Vocational Counselor
6. The Chaplain
7. The Medical Officer
8. Custodial Correctional Officer
INITIAL CLASSIFICATION BOARD
Chairperson: RDC Camp Commander
Vice- Chairperson: Deputy Camp Commander
Members: Chief, Medical Sections
Chief, Education Section
Chief, Vocational Skills Section
Chief, Intelligence and Investigation Section
Colony/Camp Chief Overseer
Chief, Monitoring Section
Chief, Psychiology Section
Chief, Sociology Section
Secretariat: Case Coordination Section
• The Board shall convene to determine the appropriate
individual Reformation Programs and Security
Classification of PDL, taking into considerations the
following order of priorities:

• 1. Physical Health;
• 2. Physical capability and capacity;
• 3. Educational attainment;
• 4. Skills and/or talents; and
• 5. Prior occupation

A PDL shall be classified according to sentence and

security risk.
CLASSIFICATION PROCESS

• a. DIAGNOSIS - inmates case history is taken and

his personality is studied
• b. TREATMENT PLANNING - formulation of tentative
treatment program best suited to the needs of the
person
• c. EXECUTION TREATMENT PROGRAM - actual
application of the treatment program
• d. RECLASSIFICATION- process of monitoring the
response of the prisoner to the treatment program
and conduct review to the previous finding compared
to new information available.
MOVEMENT OF PDL

The Director General may authorize a PDL to be taken out

of the security
camp, under the following instances:
a. to appear in court, subject to the condition that an
express authority of the Supreme Court is obtained
upon proper application to effort the
transfer of a PDL;
b. to appear before in any Congressional inquiry in aid of
legislation;
c. for medical examination/treatment or hospitalization in
an outside clinic or hospital;
d. to view the remains of a deceased relative
e. CIW-PDL visit to PDL relatives confined to the nearest
OPPF; and
f. When performing work institutional assignments outside
the remains
of his/her relatives upon written application and submission of
the original or
certified true copies of Local Civil Registrar (LCR)/ Philippine
Statistics Authority
(PSA) of the death certificate, the burial permit and the
documents specified
hereunder:
a) Marriage Certificate/Contract (Wife or husband);
b) Birth Certificate of child and marriage certificate of the PDL
or Birth
Certificate of child only in case of unmarried
parents(Child);
c) Birth Certificate of brother/sister and Birth Certificate of the
PDL (Brother/sister);
d) Birth Certificate of the PDL (Father/mother);
e) Birth Certificate of grandchild and of the latter's parent who
IN THE CASE OF HIGH-RISK OR HIGH-PROFILE PDL
The application and its supporting documents, together with
the PDL record, the favorable recommendation of the
Superintendent thereof and the Director
General, shall be forwarded to the Secretary of Justice for
approval or consideration at least three (3) working days
before the privilege is to be availed.
DURATION OF PRIVILEGE
The PDL may be allowed not more three (3)hours to view the
deceased relative in the place where the remains lie in state
but shall not be allowed to pass any other place in transit, or
to join the funeral cortege.
DISTANCE OF TRAVEL
The privilege may be enjoyed only if the deceased relative is in
a place within a radius of thirty (30) kilometers by road from
the correctional facility. Where the distance is more than thirty
(30) kilometers, the privilege may be extended if the inmate
can leave and return to his place of confinement during the
INMATE HEAD COUNT

• Head count of inmates shall be

conducted four (4) times a day or as
often as necessary to ensure that all
inmates are duly accounted for.
• If the inmate count does not tally
with the list of inmates, the matter shall
be reported immediately to the Chief
Overseer.
• BUCOR- 4 times
• BJMP- 5-6 times
BOARD OF DICIPLINE (BOD)
• A Board of Discipline shall be established and maintained in each
camp of the OPPF. The Board shall conduct a full-time
administrative hearing of cases of PDL with rules and regulations
violations.
• Chairperson: Camp Commander
• Vice- Chairperson: Deputy Camp Commander
• Secretary: BOD Administrative Staff
a) Administrative Officer
b) Stenographer
• Prosecutor: Chief Investigation
• Members: Reformation Coordinator
Medical Officer
Chief Overseer
PROCEDURE IN DISCIPLINARY CASES
• Written complaint/s or report against any PDL shall be
filed with the Camp Commander through the PDL
Complaint Center.
• Camp Commander shall conduct the initial
investigation and submit the report thereafter to the
Superintendent.
• If the Superintendent finds that the report or
complaint is baseless, he/she shall order the
dismissal. Otherwise, he/she shall authorized the
Investigating Section to conduct further investigation.
• Upon the recommendation of the Investigating
section, the Superintendent may endorse the
case to the Board of Discipline or other
concerned offices for proper disposition.
• The Board of Discipline shall hold sessions as
often as necessary. It shall decide cases referred
to it within five (5) working days after the
termination of hearings (summary in nature).
• The decision of the BOD shall be subject for
review and approval of the Superintendent to be
final.
DISCIPLINARY SANCTIONS
• a. Caution or reprimand.
• b. Cancellation of recreation, education, entertainment and visiting
privileges.
• c. Deprivation, suspension, and non- entitlement of GCTA
• Light Violations = three (3) months
• Less Serious Violation = six (6) months
• Serious Violations = Twelve (12) months
• d. Change of security status to higher classification
• e. Service of time in disciplinary cell (shall not exceed 2 months)
• f. Transfer to another OPPF as recommended by the Superintendent
and approved by the Director General.

• Note: the use of instrument of restraint shall not be applied as

punishment
PDL RELEASE

• a) by maximum expiration of his/her sentence;

• b) by order of the Court or of competent authority; or
• c) after being granted parole, probation, or pardon, amnesty
or any other form of Executive Clemency

Who may authorize release.

• a) the Supreme Court or lower courts (acquittal /grant of bail)
• b) the President (executive clemency)
• c) the Board of Pardons and Parole (parole)
• d) the BuCor Director General (expiration of the sentence)
• Before a PDL is released, he/she shall be properly
identified. The fingerprints and other identification
marks shall be verified with those taken upon
admission including the changes in his/her
distinguishing marks since admission.
• A PDL shall not be released on the basis of authority
relayed through telephone, text, e-mail, viber or other
electronic platforms.
• PDL shall only be released by the virtue of a written
court order received by the Superintendent.
• A PDL shall be released without delay.
• Illegal Release of PDL before and after election.
— The Director General, required by law to keep
prisoners in their custody shall not order or allow any
prisoner detained in the national penitentiary to leave
the premises sixty (60) days before and thirty (30)
days after an election.

• Separation and Placement Center. —Thirty (30)

days before scheduled date of release, a PDL shall be
transferred to the Separation and Placement Center to
prepare him/her for reentry into free society, provided
he/she is not under punishment or an escape risk, and
is cleared of his/her government property
accountability.
CELL CAPACITY
• 1. Ideal inhabitable floor area per inmate - 4.7
square meters
• 2. Maximum number of inmates per cell - 10
• 3. Maximum number of bunk beds - 5 units
two levels
• 4. Wash area - 1 unit
• 5. Water closet (toilet bowl) - 1 unit
• 6. Bath area - 1 unit
GOOD CONDUCT TIME ALLOWANCE UNDER R.A.
10592

• 1-2 years - 20 days per month

• 3-5 years - 23 days per month
• 6-10 years - 25 days per month
• 11 years and above - 30 days per month

Note: At any time during the period of

imprisonment, he shall be allowed another
deduction of fifteen days (15), in addition to
numbers one to four hereof, for each month of
study, teaching or mentoring service time
rendered.
SPECIAL TIME ALLOWANCE FOR
LOYALTY (STAL)

Deduction of 1/5
➢evaded the service of his sentence
➢gives himself up to the authority

✓within 48 hours following the issuance of a

proclamation announcing the passing away
of the calamity by the President of the
Philippines
Deduction of 2/5
Sentence
➢If did not return or gave himself up

➢Returned on or after 48 hours following the

announcement of passing of calamity by the
president
✓This Article shall apply to any prisoner whether
undergoing preventive imprisonment or serving
sentence.“

NOTE: Art 158 - Evasion of Service of Sentence

due to failure to return within 48 hours after
passing of calamity or disorder. Surrendered
after 48 hours shall also be charged with Art.
WHO GRANTS TIME ALLOWANCES.
1. Director of the Bureau of Corrections
2. Chief of the Bureau of Jail
Management and Penology
3. Warden of a provincial, district,
municipal or city jail shall grant
allowances for good conduct.
✓Such allowances once granted shall
not be revoked."
RELEASE OF INMATES (BUCOR)
1. An inmate may be released from prison upon the
expiration his sentence, by of order of the court or
of competent authority or after being granted parole,
pardon.
2. The order or amnesty bearing the seal of the court
and duly signed by the clerk of court or by the
judge himself must be received by the
Superintendent before he will authorize the release of
the inmate.
3. The approval of the Director of the BuCor is
required before the release of an inmate can be
authorized. Before an inmate is released, he shall
be properly identified by comparing his fingerprints
and other identification marks with those which were
4. An inmate who is scheduled to be released
shall be transferred to the Separation and
Placement Center thirty (30) days before his
scheduled release to prepare him for re-entry
into free society. He shall undergo a one(1)-
day seminar in preparation for his life outside
prison.
5. There is a rule that states that inmates
cannot be released from prison sixty (60) days
before an election and thirty (30) days after an
election, except for valid and legal reasons.
- END -