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Composition of Functions

The document explains the composition of functions using two specific functions, f(x) and h(x). It provides step-by-step solutions for finding (f∘h)(x), (f∘h)(4), and (h∘f)(x), demonstrating how to substitute and evaluate these compositions. The final results are (f∘h)(x) = x² + 9x + 20, (f∘h)(4) = 72, and (h∘f)(x) = x² + 5x + 8.

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Britz Vincent Bel-ida
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16 views9 pages

Composition of Functions

The document explains the composition of functions using two specific functions, f(x) and h(x). It provides step-by-step solutions for finding (f∘h)(x), (f∘h)(4), and (h∘f)(x), demonstrating how to substitute and evaluate these compositions. The final results are (f∘h)(x) = x² + 9x + 20, (f∘h)(4) = 72, and (h∘f)(x) = x² + 5x + 8.

Uploaded by

Britz Vincent Bel-ida
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

In composition of functions, we will have a lot

of substitutions. You learned in previous


lesson that to evaluate a function, you will
just substitute a certain number in all of the
variables in the given function. Similarly, if a
function is substituted to all variables in
another function, you are performing a
composition of functions to create another
function. Some authors call this operation as
“function of functions”.
Given 𝑓(𝑥)=x2+5𝑥+6, and
ℎ(𝑥)=𝑥+2
Find the following:

a. (𝑓∘ℎ)(𝑥)

b. (𝑓∘ℎ)(4)

c. (ℎ∘𝑓)(𝑥)
Given 𝑓(𝑥)=x2+5𝑥+6, and
ℎ(𝑥)=𝑥+2

a. (𝑓∘ℎ)(𝑥) =𝑓(ℎ(𝑥))
Solution.
definition of function

=𝑓(𝑥+2)
composition

Since 𝑓(𝑥) =𝑥2+5𝑥+6 given


replace h(x) by x+2

𝑓(𝑥+2)=(𝑥+2) 2+5(𝑥+2)+6 replace x by

=𝑥2+4𝑥+4+5𝑥+10+6
x+2
perform the

=𝑥2+9𝑥+20
operations
combine similar terms
Given 𝑓(𝑥)=x2+5𝑥+6, and
ℎ(𝑥)=𝑥+2
b. (𝑓∘ℎ)(4)=𝑓(ℎ(4))
Step 1. Evaluate ℎ(4) Step 2. Evaluate 𝑓(6)
ℎ(𝑥)=𝑥+2 𝑓(𝑥)=𝑥2+5𝑥+6
ℎ(4)=4+2 𝑓(6)=62+5(6)+6
=6 =36+30+6

(𝑓∘ℎ)(4) =𝑓(ℎ((4))To evaluate composition of function, always


=72

=𝑓(6)
∴ =72
start with the inside function (from right to left).

substituted the resulted value to 𝑓(𝑥).


In this case, we first evaluated ℎ(4) and then
Alternative solution:
(𝑓 ∘ ℎ)(𝑥)) = 𝑓(ℎ(𝑥)) definition of function

𝑓(ℎ(𝑥)) = 𝑥2 + 9𝑥 + 20, from item a


composition

(𝑓 ∘ ℎ)(4)) = 4 2 + 9(4) + 20 replace all x’s by


4 = 16 + 36 + 20 perform the indicated operations
= 72 simplify
(ℎ∘𝑓)(𝑥)
Map Diagram
composition, (𝑓 ∘ ℎ)(4) = 𝑓(ℎ((4)).
From the definition of function

Looking at the mapping diagram for

left, ℎ(4) = 6. Substituting 6


values and working from right to
c. (ℎ ∘ 𝑓)(𝑥) = ℎ(𝑓(𝑥))

= ℎ(𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 + 6),
definition of composition of functions

Since ℎ(𝑥) = 𝑥 + 2 given


substitute f(x) by x 2 + 5x + 6, given

ℎ(𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 + 6) = 𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 + 6 + 2

= 𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 + 8
substitute x by x 2 + 5x + 6
combine similar terms

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