AQI Parameters Analysis of
Chandigarh
Submitted by: - Kislay Kritesh (2020CE10254)
Supervised by: - Prof. Gazala Habib
Air Quality Index
• Government organizations develop air quality indices to provide the
public with information on the current condition of air pollution.
• As air pollution levels rise, both the Air Quality Index (AQI) and the
associated public health risk also increase.
• The Air Quality Index (AQI) often assesses pollutants such as
particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10), ground-level Ozone (O3), Carbon
monoxide (CO), Sulfur dioxide (SO2), and Nitrogen dioxide (NO2).
• The Air Quality Index (AQI) is categorized into several levels, each
associated with a certain degree of health risk. These classifications
often consist of “Good”, “Moderate”, “Unhealthy for Sensitive
Groups”, “Unhealthy”, “Very Unhealthy”, and “Hazardous”.
Major Pollutant
(PM10)
• PM10 refers to particulate matter
with a diameter of 10 micrometers or
smaller. These particles are small
enough to be inhaled into the lungs
and can penetrate deeply into the
respiratory system, potentially
causing a range of health problems.
• PM10 can originate from various
sources, including vehicle emissions,
combustion of fossil fuels, sea salt
spray, wildfires and volcanic
eruptions and dusts from arid
regions.
• Exposure to high levels of PM10 is
associated with various health
effects, such as respiratory
infections, strokes, acute or chronic
bronchitis and high blood pressure.
Fig. A schematic diagram of PM10 and PM2.5
compared to human hair
Finer Pollutant
(PM2.5)
• PM2.5 refers to particulate matter with a diameter of 2.5
micrometers or smaller. Similar to PM10, PM2.5 particles can be
inhaled into the respiratory system and pose health risks, as they are
slightly smaller than PM10 particles.
• PM2.5 can come from a variety of sources, including vehicle
emissions, industrial processes, construction activities, agricultural
operations, and natural sources like dust storms and wildfires.
• Exposure to elevated levels of PM2.5 can lead to various health
effects, including coughing and wheezing, asthma attacks, acute
and chronic bronchitis, high blood pressure, heart attack, strokes
and premature death.
Nitrogen Oxides (NOx)
NOx, or nitrogen oxides, are a The primary components of NOx NOx contributes to air pollution,
group of highly reactive gases are nitric oxide (NO) and has several adverse
that form when nitrogen and nitrogen dioxide (NO2). They are environmental and health
oxygen react during major air pollutants emitted effects, and leads to air quality
combustion at high from various sources, including degradation, environmental
temperatures. vehicle emissions and industrial damage and respiratory issues.
activities.
Methodology
• Firstly, we identify all the necessary parameters that
indicate air quality and pick a suitable city.
• Then, we obtain the recorded data from the
previous five years from government websites.
• After that, we perform statistical analysis of this
acquired data, calculating the mean, max. and
standard deviation of major pollutants.
• Lastly, we present these findings and identify trends
wherever possible.
PM particles Mean v/s Year
PM2.5 & PM10 Yearly Mean
180
160
140
Conc. (in microg/m3)
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
PM2.5 PM10
PM particles Mean v/s Month
160
140
120
Conc. (in μicrog/m3)
100
80
60
40
20
0
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec
PM2.5 PM10
PM particles Maximum Value v/s Month
300
250
Conc. (in microg/m3)
200
150
100
50
0
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec
PM2.5 PM10
PM particles Standard Deviation v/s Month
45
40
35
Conc. (in microg/m3)
30
25
20
15
10
0
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec
PM2.5 PM10
Gaseous Pollution Mean v/s Month
30
25
20
Conc. (in μg/m3)
15
10
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Month
CO SO2 NO2 O3
Gaseous Pollution Maximum Value v/s Month
200
180
160
140
Conc. (in μg/m3)
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Month
CO SO2 NO2 O3
Gaseous Pollution Monthly Standard Deviation
18
16
14
12
Conc. (in μg/m3)
10
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Month
CO SO2 NO2 O3
Gaseous Pollution Mean v/s Year
20
18
16
14
Conc. (in microg/m3)
12
10
0
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
CO SO2 NO2 O3
Mean Variation of AQI during Day
160
140
120
100
Conc. (in μg/m3)
80
60
40
20
0
0 5 10 15 20 25
Mean Monthly Variation of AQI
200 178.8562332790
75
180
161.7182258371
34 150.5235677798
160 21
132.7246408092
140 09
Conc. (in microg/m3)
113.1982649592
107.5024815797 108.6113719252
120 100.0092785517 49
93 44 95.88573408784
08 01
100
73.78818860877
80 62.32277843708 69
63.22591501033
99 42
60
40
20
0
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec
Mean Yearly Variation of AQI
160
139.62782348971
1
140 128.39656777881
8
120
104.62725994951
Conc. (in microg/m3)
100
77.025341810597
80 7
60
40
20
0
2020 2021 2022 2023
Monthly Standard Deviation of AQI
120
100
Conc. (in microg/m3)
80
60
40
20
0
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec
Conclusion
An important observation is the noticeable The increased amount of rainfall during The fluctuation in seasons emphasizes the
trend of decreased air pollution levels these months serves as a natural impact of weather patterns on the
from July to September, which aligns with purification process, efficiently removing composition of the atmosphere and
the rainy season. airborne contaminants and enhancing the emphasizes the need to take
overall quality of the air. meteorological aspects into account when
developing strategies for managing air
quality.
Thank you
