Reproduction in Human
The Male and Female Reproductive
Systems
The Human Reproductive System
It has four specific functions:
To produce To store and To nurture To produce
gametes (egg transport offspring as it hormones
and sperm these develops
cells) reproductive
cells
Today, you
will:
• Name the functions of
the human reproductive
system
• Identify the structures
and functions of male Did You Know?
and female reproductive
systems A human baby’s heart
• Explain the menstrual begins to beat around
21 or 22 days after
cycle in simple terms
fertilisation.
The Human
Reproductive
System
It is a set of organs and
structures that work together
to ensure the survival of the
species by producing offspring.
Male Reproductive Organs
Vas deferens Prostate
Carries sperm from the Produces a fluid that
testes to the urethra mixes with sperm to
during ejaculation form semen, nourishing
and protecting sperm
Testes Urethra
Produces sperm and Passageway for both
testosterone—male sex urine and semen when
hormones that affect exiting the body
the way bodies develop Penis
Used for both the elimination
of urine from the body and
the delivery of sperm for
sexual reproduction
Female Reproductive Organs
Oviduct Ovary
(FALLOPIAN TUBE) Produces eggs (ova) and
Passageway for eggs female sex hormones like
from the ovaries to the estrogen and
uterus and provides the progesterone
site for fertilisation by
the sperm
Uterus Vagina
Where a fertilised egg Receives the penis
implants and grows into during sexual
a fetus during pregnancy reproduction, allows the
Cervix menstrual blood to exit
the body, and lets the
Allows menstrual blood to
baby passes through
flow from the uterus and
during childbirth
serves as a pathway for
sperm to enter the uterus
Puzzle Time!
Let’s try correctly identifying all the parts of the male and female
reproductive systems.
A F G
B H J
C E I
A NS WER K EY
Puzzle Time!
Let’s try correctly identifying all the parts of the male and female
reproductive systems.
Vas
Oviduct Ovary
deferens
Urethra
Prostate Uterus Vagina
Testes Penis Cervix
Human Gamete
Male gamete- Sperm Female Gamete - Ova
The Journey of the Sperm Cell
Sperm cells pass through different parts before reaching an egg cell to
fertilise.
1 Testes Oviducts 8
Produce sperm
2 Epididymis Fertilisation Uterus 7
Allows sperm to mature
3 Vas deferens Cervix 6
Urethra
4 Where mixing of fluids Ejaculation Vagina 5
occur
Fertilization:
• When a sperm cell contacts the jelly
coat surrounding an egg cell, the
acrosome is activated. It releases its
digestive enzymes, and these enzymes
digest the jelly coat.
• This allows the head of the sperm to
push through and get into the
cytoplasm of the egg.
• Only the head of the sperm goes in; the
flagellum is left outside.
• The nucleus of the sperm fuses with the
nucleus of the egg. This is fertilization.
• After the successful sperm enters the
egg, the egg membrane and jelly coat
become impenetrable, so that no other
sperm can get in. The unsuccessful
QUIZ TIME
[Link]
-3dd57c6bf9f2
Menstrual
Cycle
It is a natural, recurring process
in the female reproductive
system, lasting about 28 days
on average.
It involves body preparations
for potential pregnancy.
Menstruation Follicular Phase
Lining of the uterus When the pituitary gland
is shed, resulting in releases hormones that
the release of blood 5 6 stimulate the growth and
4 7
and tissue from the 3 8 development of ovarian
body through the 2 9 follicles
vagina
1 10
28 11
Stages of
27
the 12
26 Menstrual 13
25 Cycle 14
24 15
23 16
22 17
Luteal Phase 21
20 19
18 Ovulation
Empty ovarian follicle Phase
When a mature egg
becomes the corpus is released from the
luteum, producing ovary and is ready
hormones that prepare for potential
the uterus for possible fertilisation
embryo implantation
Learning
Check
What is the primary
purpose of the
menstrual cycle in
females?
A NS WER K EY
Learning
Check
The menstrual cycle in
females prepares the
body for possible
pregnancy by releasing an
egg and preparing the
uterus for pregnancy.
If no pregnancy happens,
the uterus sheds its lining
during menstruation.
Menstrual cycle hormones
It has four specific functions:
Estrogen Progesterone LH (luteinizing FSH (Follicle
(ovaries) (ovaries) hormone ) stimulating
Pituitary gland hormone) Pituitary
gland
During the first part of the cycle, following menstruation, both FSH and LH are produced (Figure 15.17, top
graph). FSH causes a follicle to develop in the ovary, with a developing female gamete (egg) inside it. The
developing follicle secretes oestrogen in increasing amounts (Figure 15.17, second graph). Oestrogen causes
the lining of the uterus to become thicker and better supplied with blood (Figure 15.17, bottom graph).
When the follicle is fully developed, there is a surge in production of LH. This causes ovulation. When
ovulation has taken place, the oestrogen level starts to fall.
Summary
The Human
Main Menstrual
Reproductive
Organs Cycle
System
It is a specialised set of The male parts include It is a recurring process
organs and structures the testes, prostate, vas (approximately 28 days)
responsible for deferens, urethra and in females characterised
producing, transporting penis. Female parts by changes in the uterus
and facilitating the union include the ovary, and ovaries.
of male and female fallopian tube, uterus,
reproductive cells, cervix and vagina.
ultimately creating
offspring.
The Miracle
of Life
Imagine you are a baby growing
inside your mother’s womb, and you
are about to set out on a journey
from conception to birth.
Create a monthly diary or journal in
Canva as if you were the developing
foetus, detailing the stages of your
growth in the womb.
Include simple illustrations or
diagrams to accompany each diary
entry.
Resource Page
set:nAF6A1FxmHI set:nAF68nSWSeA
Use these icons and illustrations in your Canva
Presentation.
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before presenting.
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