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Chapter 3-2

Chapter 3 discusses precipitation, covering its definition as moisture from the atmosphere to Earth, the formation of clouds, and various forms such as rain and snow. It also details types of precipitation, methods for artificially inducing it, and includes numerical examples and estimation errors. Additionally, it presents formulas for calculating actual and average precipitation.

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ujalaadnan201
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7 views60 pages

Chapter 3-2

Chapter 3 discusses precipitation, covering its definition as moisture from the atmosphere to Earth, the formation of clouds, and various forms such as rain and snow. It also details types of precipitation, methods for artificially inducing it, and includes numerical examples and estimation errors. Additionally, it presents formulas for calculating actual and average precipitation.

Uploaded by

ujalaadnan201
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Chapter 3

precipitation
Important topics
• Precipitation: all types of moisture reachng from atmosphere to earth
• Formation: formation of cloud needs a condensation/freezing nuclei on which
the droplets forms around
• Forms: drizzle/mist, rain, glzae, snow, rime, hail
• Types: cyclonic, convective, orographic
• Artificially induced precipitation: spraying or inducing seeding agents namely
silver iodide or dry ice over natural clouds through aircrafts, balloons, or rockets
due to which freezing nuclei reduces the water retaining abilities and result in
artificial precipitation
• Numericals
• Errors and estimation
• Actual precipitation: Pa = ‘’’’ eq 3.1
• Missing precipitation for a certain stationn X …. Ew 3.4
• Average precipitation …. Arthimatic mean, thiesen polygon and isohytal method

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