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Postpartum Hemorrhage Presentation

Postpartum Hemorrhage (PPH) is a critical obstetric emergency characterized by excessive blood loss following delivery, with primary PPH occurring within 24 hours and secondary PPH between 24 hours and 6 weeks postpartum. The main causes include uterine atony, trauma, retained tissue, and coagulopathies, and management involves rapid assessment, resuscitation, and targeted treatment based on the underlying cause. Prevention strategies and early intervention are essential to reduce maternal morbidity and mortality associated with PPH.

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10 views17 pages

Postpartum Hemorrhage Presentation

Postpartum Hemorrhage (PPH) is a critical obstetric emergency characterized by excessive blood loss following delivery, with primary PPH occurring within 24 hours and secondary PPH between 24 hours and 6 weeks postpartum. The main causes include uterine atony, trauma, retained tissue, and coagulopathies, and management involves rapid assessment, resuscitation, and targeted treatment based on the underlying cause. Prevention strategies and early intervention are essential to reduce maternal morbidity and mortality associated with PPH.

Uploaded by

aqsaazhar0092
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Postpartum Hemorrhage (PPH)

• An Obstetric Emergency
• Presented by: [Your Name]
• Institution: [Your Institution]
• Date: [Insert Date]
Introduction
• • Blood loss >500 mL (vaginal) or >1000 mL
(cesarean)
• • Leading cause of maternal morbidity and
mortality
• • Requires rapid recognition and intervention
Classification
• • Primary PPH: within 24 hours of delivery
• • Secondary (Late) PPH: between 24 hours
and 6 weeks postpartum
Normal Blood Loss in Delivery
• • Vaginal delivery: ~500 mL
• • Cesarean section: ~1000 mL
• • Clinical signs often appear only after
significant loss
Causes – The '4 T’s'
• 1. Tone – Uterine atony (most common)
• 2. Trauma – Lacerations, uterine rupture
• 3. Tissue – Retained placental tissue
• 4. Thrombin – Coagulopathies
Risk Factors
• • Prolonged or precipitous labor
• • Overdistended uterus (twins,
polyhydramnios)
• • Induction/augmentation of labor
• • Previous PPH
• • Chorioamnionitis
• • Operative deliveries
Clinical Features
• • Excessive vaginal bleeding
• • Uterine atony (soft, boggy uterus)
• • Tachycardia, hypotension
• • Pallor, dizziness, altered mental status
Initial Assessment
• • ABCs: Airway, Breathing, Circulation
• • Estimate blood loss
• • Monitor vitals
• • IV access, blood work (CBC, coags,
crossmatch)
Management Overview
• • Resuscitate the patient
• • Identify and treat the cause
• • Monitor closely
• • Escalate care if needed
Management – Uterine Atony
• 1. Fundal massage
• 2. Medications: Oxytocin, Ergometrine,
Carboprost, Misoprostol
• 3. Uterine balloon tamponade
• 4. Surgery: B-Lynch, artery ligation,
hysterectomy
Management – Trauma
• • Inspect cervix, vagina, perineum
• • Suture lacerations
• • Repair uterine rupture (surgery)
Management – Tissue
• • Manual removal of placenta
• • Ultrasound-guided curettage
• • Antibiotics if infection suspected
Management – Thrombin
• • Check coagulation profile
• • Treat clotting disorders
• • Transfusion: FFP, platelets, cryoprecipitate
Prevention
• • Active management of third stage
• • Oxytocin after delivery
• • Identify high-risk patients
• • Ensure blood/surgical support
Complications
• • Hypovolemic shock
• • Sheehan’s syndrome
• • Acute renal failure
• • DIC
• • Maternal death
Conclusion
• • PPH is a medical emergency
• • Early recognition and prompt management
is key
• • Teamwork saves lives
References
• • WHO Guidelines on PPH
• • Williams Obstetrics
• • ACOG Practice Bulletins
• • NICE Guidelines

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