Instrumentation Amplifier

• There are 2 types of

instrumentation amplifiers
– 2 op-amp (e.g. INA122)
– 3 op-amp (e.g. INA333)

1
Instrumentation Amplifier
• Notice both have gain equations so you can vary the gain

• Notice the input impedance is that of the non-inverting terminal of a

non-inverting amplifier
High-Z Nodes

Difference Amp

High-Z Nodes
Variable Gain 2
Instrumentation Amplifier
Fig12-17.tsc

• Recall the 0V-0A input properties of

an ideal amplifier
0A

-
+
0V
- +

• Let’s analyze the INA333 Vin1

Vo1
Vd/2
+ R1 150k R2 150k
+
A1
-
R3 50k
+ -
Vd Vo2
Rg A3
-
R3 50k +
+
Vout
- -
A2
+
+ R1 150k R2 150k

Vd/2
+

Vcm
Vin2

3
Instrumentation Amplifier
Fig12-17.tsc

• From the 0V criteria we can determine that the voltage across Rg=Vin1-Vin2

Vd
Vin1 Vcm  Vin1
2 Vo1
Vd/2
+ R1 150k R2 150k
+
V=0V A1
-
R3 50k
+
+ Vo2
-
Vd
- Rg VRg=Vin1-Vin2 A3
R3 50k +
- +
Vout
- -

+ V=0V A2
R1 150k R2 150k
+

Vd/2
+

Vcm
Vin2

Vd
Vin 2 Vcm 
2 4
Instrumentation Amplifier
Fig12-17.tsc

• We can now solve for VRg in terms of Vcm and Vd.

VRg Vin1  Vin 2

Vin1
V Vo1
Vin1 Vcm  d Vd/2

2 +
+
A1
R1 150k R2 150k

V -

Vin 2 Vcm  d R3 50k

2 Vd
+
Vo2
-
Rg A3
-
 V   Vd  R3 50k +

VRg  Vcm  d  V
 cm   +

2 2
Vout
   -
A2
-

+
VRg Vd Vd/2
+ R1 150k R2 150k
+

Vcm
So Vin2

Vd Vin1  Vin 2

• Notice the common-mode voltage cancels!

5
Instrumentation Amplifier
Fig12-17.tsc

• From the 0A criteria we know that the current through the R3 resistors must be
the same as the current through Rg.

Vin1
Vo1
Vd/2
+ R1 150k R2 150k
+
A1
-
0A R3 50k
+ -
Vd
-
I Rg I Vo2
A3
R3 50k +
+
0A - -
Vout

A2
+
+ R1 150k R2 150k

Vd/2
+

Vcm
Vin2

6
Instrumentation Amplifier
Fig12-17.tsc
Current through Rg

Vin1  Vin 2
• From Ohm’s law we therefore know that VO1  VO 2  2 R3  Rg 
Rg
• Substituting for Vin1-Vin2 and re-arranging we get

V V
 in1 in 2 2 R3  Rg 
Vin1
VO1  VO 2 Vo1

Rg Vd/2
+ R1 150k R2 150k
+
A1
Vd
VO1  VO 2  2 R3  Rg  -

Rg +
R3 50k
-
Vd Vo2
A3
 2 R3  Rg  - Rg
R3 50k +

VO1  VO 2 Vd   +
 Rg  Vout

  - -
A2
+
+ R1 150k R2 150k
 2 R3 
Vd  1   Vd/2
VO1  VO 2
+

 Rg 
Vcm


Vin2

Differential Gain
7
Instrumentation Amplifier-INA333
• From previous slide:  2R 
Gain  1  3 
 RG 

8
Instrumentation Amplifier
• Input stage also known as:
– Diff-in, diff-out stage
– Gain stage

• The difference amplifier stage is also known as:

– Output stage
– Diff-in, single-ended output stage

• From our difference amplifier discussion we know the differential gain of the
output stage is 1. Therefore,
VOUT Ginput  stage Goutput  stage V2  V1 
 2 R3 
VOUT  1   1V2  V1 
 RG 
 100k  Same as
VOUT V2  V1  1  
 RG  PDS
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