GROUP
LESSON 2: NATURE AND HEALTH
EFFECTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES
(Improper Waste Disposal & Environmental Pollution)
Improper Waste
(Lesson 2: Nature and Health Effects of Environmental
Disposal Issue)
A. Improper Waste
Disposal
The excessive or improper disposal of garbage is the
primary cause of land pollution. People
Indiscriminately throw their trash anywhere, except in
the trash can. This wrong practice causes damaging
effects, not only to the environment, but also to
one’s health.
Garbage thrown anywhere can become breeding
places of disease-carrying pests such as rats,
mosquitoes, flies, and cockroaches. These pests
speed the spread of disease like dengue, leptospirosi,
malaria, and other life-threatening illnesses to
humans.
Garbage dumped in waterways clog or block the flow
of water which can result in stagnant water, floods,
and landslide. Contaminated water contains bacteria
that can cause diarrhea, gastroenteritis, and
Additional Information:
Improper waste disposal happens when people throw
their trash in the wrong places. This includes throwing
garbage on the streets, rivers, or empty lots instead of in
trash bins or proper waste areas. It is a big problem
because it can harm people, animals, and the
environment.
One of the effects of improper waste disposal is pollution.
When garbage is left outside, it makes the place dirty and
smelly. It can also make the air, water, and land polluted.
Dirty water from trash can go into rivers and seas, which
Improper waste disposal also causes flooding. When trash
blocks the drainage or canals, rainwater cannot flow
properly. This makes the water rise and causes floods in
the streets and homes. Flooding can damage property
and make it harder for people to go to school or work.
To stop these problems, everyone must do their part.
People should throw their garbage in the right place,
recycle when possible, and join clean-up drives. The
government must also provide enough trash bins and
educate people about proper waste management.
Working together can help keep our surroundings clean
Environmental Pollution
(Lesson 2: Nature and Health Effects of Environmental Issue)
B. Environmental
Pollution refers
Pollution
to the contamination or defilement of the
environment. It alters the condition of the air, water, and soil
that can harm living things. Often, pollution results from the
accumulation of poisonous substances in the environment. The
problem of environmental pollution surfaces because of human
population increase and scientific and technological advances.
Most inventions of modern technology make the environment
toxic and deadly which find their way into the soil, water, and
air, damaging the lives of beneficial organisms in the
ecosystem.
The following are the pollution that the environment
experiences.
1. Air
Pollution
The rising level of air pollution in the environment is quite
alarming. This is attributed to the proliferation of factories
and business establishments without anti-pollution
devices. Toxic gases emitted by planes, trains, and
vehicles (especially rundown and defective ones) add to
the worsening condition of air.
Air pollution creates a major effect on public health. The
worsening condition of air poses serious threats to the
health of millions of people, especially those living in highly
polluted areas. Carcinogenic particles and air pollutants are
extremely harmful to the human body and are a major
cause of fatal premature illnesses; thus, people who spend
most of their time in air-polluted areas are highly susceptible
to chest ailments, have high lead levels in their blood, and
experience a significantly higher incidence of mortality.
Trees in the forests are also greatly affected by polluted air.
Burning fossil fuels for industries, transportation, and
electricity generate air pollutants that cover forests
worldwide at an alarming rate and scale. These pollutants
place the forest trees under poor conditions: tree tops
lessen when leaves turn yellow and drop prematurely,
leading to stunted growth and falling.
Additional Information:
Air pollution happens when the air we breathe becomes dirty
or harmful. This is caused by smoke, dust, chemicals, and
gases that go into the air. These come from cars, factories,
burning garbage, and even cigarettes. When the air is
polluted, it can be dangerous for people, animals, and plants.
One big cause of air pollution is vehicle smoke. Cars, trucks,
and motorcycles release dirty gases when they are running.
These gases mix with the air and make it unhealthy. Factories
also release smoke and chemicals when they make products,
which adds more pollution to the air.
It also harms the environment. Polluted air can damage
plants and trees. It can also make the earth hotter, which
is called global warming. This affects the weather and can
cause stronger storms, floods, and droughts.
To help stop air pollution, we must be careful with how we
use cars and electricity. Walking, biking, or using public
transport can help reduce pollution. Planting trees is also
a good way to clean the air. Everyone needs to work
together to keep our air clean and safe for all.
2. Water Pollution
Aside from toxic garbage indiscriminately dumped in the
waterways, the following contribute to the aggravation of water
pollution.
A. Chemical Fertilizers and Pesticides Applied to Agricultural
Croplands
Excess nitrogen compounds from large amounts of inorganic
fertilizers and pesticides are washed through rain and enter
nearby rivers and lakes or become groundwater. The effect, in
turn, can cause the rapid growth of plankton in bodies of water.
Poisonous chemicals build up in marine animals that feed on
The poisonous substances from fertilizers and pesticides
can also penetrate the ground, resulting in groundwater
pollution. This can contaminate the drinking water of
people.
B. Chemicals from Households, Landfills, and Factories
Household chemicals, chemicals from landfills, and
factory wastes can leak from drainage systems and enter
the water sources. Water that is polluted by these
chemicals can harm people and other living things.
Individual homes and businesses are the largest sources
Additional Information:
Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies,
with a negative impact on their uses. And some
amounts of inorganic fertilizers and pesticides are
washed through rain and enter nearby rivers that
can cause the rapid growth of plankton in bodies of
water.
Water pollution is spills or leaks from oil and
chemical containers and can lead to the destruction
of aquatic habitats, disrupt food chains, contaminate
The main types of water pollution include groundwater
pollution, surface water pollution, suspended matter, oil
spillages, microbiological pollution, chemical water pollution,
thermal pollution, and oxygen-depletion pollution. All of
these can cause pollutants and contaminants to enter our
waterways.
Ground water pollution is primarily caused by human
activities and natural processes that introduce harmful
substances into underground water sources.
Surface water pollution is caused by a variety of human
activities and natural events that introduce harmful
Suspended matter, also known as particulate matter, is
a type of water pollution consisting of fine particles that
remain suspended in the water column, rather than
settling to the bottom.
Oil spillages accidents during oil transportation, drilling
operations, and storage facility malfunctions.
Microbiological pollution primarily caused by harmful
microorganisms like bacteria, viruses, and protozoa that
contaminate water sources.
Chemical water pollution is primarily caused by human
activities that introduce harmful substances into water
sources.
Thermal pollution is primarily caused by human activities,
especially industrial processes that use water for cooling.
Oxygen depletion pollution, also known as hypoxia or
deoxygenation, is a type of water pollution where the
concentration of dissolved oxygen in a body of water
decreases to a level that can harm aquatic life.
THANK YOU!
