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Building Mortars & Plaster - G7

The document provides an overview of building mortars and plaster, detailing their compositions, historical development, properties, and uses in construction. Mortars are primarily used for binding bricks and stones, while plaster is applied for finishing walls and ceilings. It also compares the two materials in terms of purpose, composition, thickness, and application.

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angelaelicot30
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29 views19 pages

Building Mortars & Plaster - G7

The document provides an overview of building mortars and plaster, detailing their compositions, historical development, properties, and uses in construction. Mortars are primarily used for binding bricks and stones, while plaster is applied for finishing walls and ceilings. It also compares the two materials in terms of purpose, composition, thickness, and application.

Uploaded by

angelaelicot30
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

BUILDING

MORTARS &
PLASTER
INTRODUCTION
What is
Mortar?
A mixture of cement/lime, sand, and water used for binding bricks,
stones, and masonry units.

What is
Plaster?
A paste-like material applied to walls and ceilings to create a
smooth surface.
BRIEF HISTORY
• Ancient Times: Egyptians used lime and gypsum mortars in
pyramids (~2500 BC).
• Greek & Roman Period: Used pozzolanic mortar (volcanic
ash + lime) in structures like the Pantheon.
• Middle Ages: Lime mortar became standard in European
architecture.
• Modern Era: Introduction of Portland cement and synthetic
additives improved durability.
MORTARS
COMPOSITON
Main Components:
• Cement/Lime : Acts as a binder
• Sand : Provides strength and volume
• Water : Activates chemical reaction for setting
• Additives : Improve workability and durability
COMPOSITON

Types of Mortars:

• Lime Mortar (Lime + Sand)


– Flexible, used in historic
buildings.
COMPOSITON

Types of Mortars:

• Cement Mortar (Cement +


Sand + Water) – Strong, used in
modern construction.
COMPOSITON
Types of Mortars:

• Gypsum Mortar (Gypsum


+ Sand) – Fast-setting,
used for interior work.
PROPERTIES & CHARACTERISTICS
• Workability: Easy to spread and apply
• Adhesion: Bonds well to bricks and stones
• Strength: Resistant to compression
• Durability: Withstands weather conditions
• Setting Time: Varies depending on cement type and additives
USES OF MORTARS IN CONSTRUCTION
• Bricklaying: Holds bricks and stones together
• Plastering & Rendering: Provides a smooth surface on walls
• Pointing & Repair Works: Fills joints and cracks in structures
PLASTER
COMPOSITON
Main Components:
• Gypsum/Lime/Cement : Binding agents
• Sand : Provides bulk
• Water : Helps in mixing and setting
• Additives : Improve setting time, flexibility, and water
resistance
COMPOSITON

Types of Mortars:

• Gypsum Plaster – Fast-


setting, smooth finish
COMPOSITON

Types of Mortars:

• Lime Plaster –
Breathable, used in
historical buildings
COMPOSITON

Types of Mortars:

• Cement Plaster –
Durable, used for exterior
walls
PROPERTIES & CHARACTERISTICS
• Smooth Finish: Provides a polished surface
• Durability: Resistant to wear and tear
• Fire Resistance: Some types offer protection against fire
• Thermal Insulation: Helps regulate temperature inside
buildings
USES OF MORTARS IN CONSTRUCTION
• Wall Finishing: Covers rough surfaces for a smooth
appearance
• Decorative Applications: Used for moldings and artistic
details
• Fire Protection: Some plasters provide a fire-resistant layer
COMPARISON: MORTARS VS. PLASTER

Feature Mortar Plaster

Bonding Finishing
Purpose
bricks/stones walls/ceilings

Gypsum, lime,
Composition Cement, lime, sand
cement

Thickness 10-20mm 2-10mm

Application Structural Aesthetic


THANKYOU!

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