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Java PPT 2

The document provides an overview of Object-Oriented Programming in Java, covering key concepts such as arrays, console input/output, constructors, methods, parameter passing, static fields and methods, access control, and recursion. It includes examples of syntax for declaring arrays, using the Scanner class for input, defining constructors and methods, and demonstrating method and constructor overloading. Additionally, it explains the concept of recursion with an example of calculating factorial.

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sangeethak.rvitm
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44 views16 pages

Java PPT 2

The document provides an overview of Object-Oriented Programming in Java, covering key concepts such as arrays, console input/output, constructors, methods, parameter passing, static fields and methods, access control, and recursion. It includes examples of syntax for declaring arrays, using the Scanner class for input, defining constructors and methods, and demonstrating method and constructor overloading. Additionally, it explains the concept of recursion with an example of calculating factorial.

Uploaded by

sangeethak.rvitm
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Object Oriented Programming

JAVA
Arrays
• An array is a data structure that stores a fixed-size
sequence of elements of the same type.
Declaration & Initialization
int[ ] numbers = new int[5];
numbers[0] = 10;

Alternative initialization
int[] numbers = {10, 20, 30, 40, 50};

Looping through an array


for(int i = 0; i < [Link]; i++) {
[Link]("Element at index " + i + ": " + numbers[i]);
}
Console Input
• Console input is used to take data from the
user at runtime. In Java, we use the Scanner
class.
import [Link];
Scanner sc = new Scanner([Link]);
[Link]("Enter a number: ");
int num = [Link](); // Reads an integer from the
console
Console Output
• Console output is typically done using the
[Link]() or [Link]()
methods.
[Link]("Hello"); // Prints on the same
line
[Link](" World!"); // Prints and moves
to a new line
Constructors
• A constructor is a special method that is called
when an object is created. It is used to
initialize objects.
Features:
• Same name as the class
• No return type (not even void)
• Can be default, parameterized, or copy
constructor
Methods
• A method is a block of code that performs a
specific task. It helps in reusability and
modular programming.
Syntax:
returnType methodName(parameters) {
// method body
}
Parameter Passing
• In Java, parameter passing is done by value,
meaning a copy of the variable is passed.
Types of Parameters:
• Primitive types: Copy is passed, original is
unchanged
• Objects: Reference copy is passed, object data
can be changed
• Primitive Example:
void increment(int a) {
a = a + 1; // Changes local copy only
}
• Object Example:
void changeName(Student s) {
[Link] = "Updated Name"; // Changes actual object
}
Constructors
• Special method used to initialize objects
• No return type
• Same name as the class
Types:
• Default Constructor
• Parameterized Constructor
Student(String name) {
[Link] = name;
}
Methods
• Block of code that performs a task
• Improves reusability and readability
Syntax:
returnType methodName(parameters) {
// method body
}
Example:
int add(int a, int b) {
return a + b;
}
Parameter Passing
Pass by Value:
• Copies of values are passed
• For primitive types, changes don’t affect
original
Example
void update(int a) {
a = a + 1;
}
Static Fields and Methods
• Static Field: Shared among all instances
• Static Method: Belongs to class, not object
Example:
class Counter {
static int count = 0;
Counter() { count++; }
}
Access Control
Access Modifiers
this Reference
• Refers to current object
• Resolves variable shadowing
• Can return current object
Example:
[Link] = name;
Method Overloading
Same method name, different parameter list
void show(int a)
void show(String b)

Constructor Overloading
Multiple constructors with different parameters
Book() {}
Book(String title) {}
Recursion
• Method calls itself
• Must have a base condition
Example:
int factorial(int n) {
if (n == 0) return 1;
return n * factorial(n - 1);
}

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