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Module 6 MorphologicalOperations

Module 6 focuses on Morphological Operations in image processing, covering key concepts such as set theory, dilation, erosion, and structuring elements. It explains how these operations manipulate binary images to enhance or detect shapes through techniques like opening, closing, and the hit-or-miss transform. The module emphasizes the importance of set reflection and translation in applying these morphological operations.

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18 views28 pages

Module 6 MorphologicalOperations

Module 6 focuses on Morphological Operations in image processing, covering key concepts such as set theory, dilation, erosion, and structuring elements. It explains how these operations manipulate binary images to enhance or detect shapes through techniques like opening, closing, and the hit-or-miss transform. The module emphasizes the importance of set reflection and translation in applying these morphological operations.

Uploaded by

resmi.ng
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Module 6

Morphological Operations
Dr. Resmi N.G.
Reference:
Digital Image Processing
FOURTH EDITION
Rafael C. Gonzalez • Richard E. Woods
Module 6 - Syllabus
Basics of Set Theory;
Dilation and Erosion
Structuring Element;
Opening and Closing;
Hit or Miss Transformation.
Representation and Description
Representation -
Boundary, Chain codes,
Polygonal approximation approaches,
Boundary segments.
Introduction
Morphological operations are defined in terms of
sets.

In image processing, we use morphology with two


types of sets of pixels: objects and structuring
elements (SE’s).

Typically, objects are defined as sets of foreground


pixels.

Structuring elements can be specified in terms of


both foreground and background pixels.
The concept of set reflection and translation
are used extensively in morphology in
connection with structuring elements.
The reflection of a set (structuring element) B
about its origin, denoted by Bˆ, is defined as
This construct is used to translate (slide) a
structuring element over an image, and each location
perform a set operation between the structuring
element and the area of the image directly under it.

Both reflection and translation are defined with


respect to the origin of B.
EROSION AND DILATION
Erosion

Equivalently,
Erosion shrinks or thins objects in a binary
image.

Erosion is a morphological filtering operation


in which image details smaller than the
structuring element are filtered (removed)
from the image.
DILATION

This equation is based on reflecting B about its


origin and translating the reflection by z, as in
erosion.

The dilation of A by B then is the set of all


displacements, z, such that the foreground
elements of ˆB overlap at least one element of A.
Equivalently,

Dilation “grows” or “thickens” objects in a


binary image.
DUALITY
OPENING AND CLOSING
Opening generally smoothes the contour of
an object, breaks narrow isthmuses, and
eliminates thin protrusions.

Closing also tends to smooth sections of


contours, but, as opposed to opening, it
generally fuses narrow breaks and long thin
gulfs, eliminates small holes, and fills gaps in
the contour.
THE HIT-OR-MISS TRANSFORM
A basic tool for shape detection.

HMT utilizes two structuring elements: B1,


for detecting shapes in the foreground, and
B2 , for detecting shapes in the background.

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