Media and Information
Literacy
Quarter 2
Power of Media and
Information
1. What has played a vital role in revolutionizing news?
A. social media C. profile networks
B. news feeds D. blogging
2. Who are the first to report breaking stories with eye-
witness videos and real-time Information?
C. electronic gadgets C. hard wares
D. scholarly articles D. citizen’s journalist
3. What brings wealth of information at a fingertip?
E. online store C. e-commerce
F. internet D. printed news paper
4. Which of the following is NOT a key area of opportunity in
digital media?
A. access C. engagement
B. channel D. Wi-Fi
5. Which of the following is a threat faced by users of social
media?
C. personal attacks C. build relationships
D. easier communication D. worldwide connectivity
6. What is the best definition of the word “friend” which is
used in social media?
E. someone who knows you personally
F. a person who has been with you through thick and thin
G. a cooperative relationship that includes supportive action
H. having social connections not necessarily physically but
7. What do you call a journalism that is conducted by
people who are not professional journalists but
who disseminate information using Web sites and
social media?
A. citizen journalism C. broadcast
journalism
B. editorial journalism D. newspaper
journalism
8. What is described as content available on-demand
through the internet?
C. visual media C. new media
9. What refers to the buying and selling of goods or
services using the internet, and the transfer of
money and data to execute these transactions?
A. e-commerce C. social media
B. journalism D. consumers
10. Which of the following statements is TRUE about
social media?
C. Social media is not addictive.
D. Social media can be very fake.
E. Social media prioritizes the elderly who are
lonely.
F. Social media provides support to people in need
OBJECTIVES:
After going through this module, you are expected
to:
1.analyze the opportunities of social media in
fields of news, commerce and society;
2.examine the possible threats of social media in
news, commerce and society; and
3.write an essay about the power of media and
information to affect change.
6
7
In today’s generation and society, media has become a primary tool
without which one’s life seems incomplete. As internet brings wealth
of information at a fingertip, it offers exciting and rewarding time to
its users. Lowery (2015) identified four key areas of opportunity in
digital media – engagement, knowledge, access and channels.
1.Engagement. In digital age, people now receive information quickly
through email.
2.Knowledge. Media gather wealth of personal data about users’
preferences, interests, and behavior.
3.Access. Today’s reader is always “on” and always addressable,
accessing
content many times throughout the day from multiple locations.
4.Channel. Users interact with content on more channels than ever
before in the mobile applications.
It is important to note that these key areas are enjoyed both by the
users and producers of media and information. With this key areas of
media create a big impact in one’s life in different contexts–
journalism, commerce and society.
Impact of Social Media
1.The Impact of Social Media on Journalism
According to Rogers (2020), social media has played a vital role
in revolutionizing news. Many citizens are the first to report on
breaking stories, with eye-witness videos, first-hand accounts, and
real-time information, all using social media. Even news outlets
will share breaking stories on social media before traditional
means, but they still have to follow up with larger stories quickly
or risk being outdated with their material in this fast-paced news
environment.
Social media doesn't just play a role in disseminating citizen-
stories they need to cover. Cision (2016) mention in Rogers (2020)
indicated that more than 50% of professional journalists used
social media to find and build stories.
2.The Impact of Social Media on Society
Simplilearn (2020) claims that without social media, social,
ethical, environmental, and political ills would have minimal
visibility. Increased visibility of issues has shifted the balance of
power from the hands of a few to the masses.
3.The Impact of Social Media on Commerce.
Firstdata.com indicated that eCommerce sales continue to grow
year after year. In 2019, sales topped $3.45 billion – a nearly 22
percent increase from 2018.
Online stores with a social media presence, such as a Facebook
and/or Twitter account, have 32% more sales than the average
store that is not present on social media.
The Challenges of Social Media
Social media has been blamed for promoting social ills such as:
1. Lack of Privacy:
Stalking, identity theft, personal attacks and misuse of
information are some of the threats faced by the users of social
media. Most of the time, the users themselves are to be blamed as
they end up sharing content that should not be in the public eye.
The confusion arises from a lack of understanding of how the
private and public elements of an online profile actually work.
2. The Impact of Social Media on Relationships
One of the effects of social media is encouraging
people to form and cherish artificial bonds over actual
friendships. The term ‘friend’ as used on social media
lacks the intimacy identified with conventional
friendships, where people actually know each other,
want to talk to each other, have an intimate bond and
frequently interact face to face.
Activity 1. Read Between the Lines
Read the cartoon strip below. Analyze its content. Then, answer the
questions that follow.
Guide Questions:
1.What issue is talked about in this
cartoon strip? Give clue/s to support your
answer.
2.How does it show the effect of media?
Give your reasons.
That’s an interesting argument you have.
Social media has changed the way people
show support or express concerns on social
issues. Nowadays, it is limited only to
pressing the “Like” button or sharing
content.
Activity 2. Trending this Pandemic
The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the way people do things worldwide.
Study the picture below. Relate the manner in which social media played an active
part in doing business. Use the guide questions below.
Guide Questions:
1.What issue is raised in this picture?
2.During the pandemic, how do media help
people do business in terms of:
a.market the product?
b.strategies in selling the products?
c.advertising the products?
d.planning and developing product?
e.earning?
d. progress?
3. Does the change in doing business become
an opportunity or a challenge? Give your
Activity 3. I Witness?
Read and understand the article below. Then, answer
the questions that follow.
Citizen Journalism in The Philippines: Public Pressure for Public
Accountability
Blog | August 18, 2016 | Anastasia-Areti Gavrili
If you thought that your daily commute to work was difficult –
getting the buses in London or riding the (usually late) trains
in Amsterdam - and if you think your government should
improve public transport, spare a thought for the people in
North Kotabato, a village in the south of the Philippines…
One bridge that gets you to work.
Half a meter of stagnant flood water to wade through every
day.
A group of teachers, priests, architects, dentists, and social
workers committed to making a change, and making
government more accountable for public services.
Every day in the town of North Kotabato, people would cross
a footbridge to get their children to school or get to work. But
during the rainy season, the footbridge would flood, and
everyone crossing would have to wade through a long, knee-
deep pool, removing their shoes so they wouldn’t be drenched
with dirty and smelly stagnant water.
children and other passersby to step on and not get soaked. -
local teacher, North Kotabato, Mindanao province.
As of this year, the footbridge has been re-engineered. There
are new drainage holes, and the pathway is clear in both dry
and rainy seasons: a simple amendment, done by the local
government, but only possible after ordinary people
campaigned successfully for change. So why did this campaign
– unlike so many others – work?
The Institute for War and Peace Reporting (IWPR) has been
training and mentoring citizens in 28 areas across the
Philippines to better understand, highlight and engage with
their local governments on key public finance issues.
The bridge in North Kotabato is just one example of how this
public pressure has created change, and there are lessons
here about how to support community groups to create public
pressure and bring about the changes they want to see in their
communities.
Before and after photos of the bridge in North Kotabato.
Copyright: Citizen Action Network for Accountability
Building an Engaged Network of Citizen Journalists
WPR doesn’t just help community members understand
complicated issues like audits, public budgets, and anti-
corruption laws: it also equips them with journalistic and
investigative skills. Through the project’s training sessions,
they learn how to follow a paper trail, use social media,
conduct interviews, and participate in press conferences so
their stories are taken up by the media.
These are concerned citizens who group together - they
don’t know yet the sophistication of using the media. – Rorie
Fajardo, IWPR. The community groups are contributing
stories to the Citizen Action Network for Accountability
(CANA) website, sharing photos and videos taken with their
By communicating the misspending (or misallocation) of
community money through articles that are often picked up
by the Filipino media, ordinary people are creating public
pressure to campaign for change.
In some provinces, groups use the radio to invite local
government officials in an open discussion and post news and
updates on Facebook, inviting people to share their
comments. - Rorie Fajardo, IWPR
Finding Space for A “Friendly Neighborhood Watchdog”
As you would expect, initiatives that scrutinize local
government groups are not always welcome. In some areas,
local authorities respond by intimidating and threatening
critical of their performance. Staying objective and
professional is a serious challenge, especially in small
communities where the person you are criticizing may also be
your neighbor.
However, while in some province’s community groups are
seen as causing chaos, in other areas groups see the
government as their ally, not an adversary, bringing local
government on board with the idea that community groups
are a “friendly neighborhood watchdog”.
Public ’Voice’ and Public Accountability
The team know that just raising the profile of an issue is not
enough. CANA was formed because local communities were
government and the communities they serve see a full picture
of what is happening on the ground – whether it’s a flooded
bridge or cases of corruption.
It’s not easy. Government and citizens have an uncertain
relationship when talking about failures in services or
misspending of money.
When I talked with local action groups, I could see the
concern on people’s faces when describing their work. But one
thing was clear: despite all the challenges, they are more
engaged than ever, and more convinced the public pressure is
a key driver of public accountability.
Guide Questions:
1.What is citizen journalism? What are the advantages
of Citizen Journalism? Cite some examples.
2.What are the issues of citizen journalism? What
mechanisms do they have to prove the accuracy of
their stories?
3.What gives rise to citizen journalism? Do you think
making ordinary citizens news reporters on TV or
online develops more awareness on news content and
mass media industry?
What I Have Learned
Do not forget that…
●Lowery (2015) identified four key areas of opportunity in digital media –
engagement, knowledge, access, and channels.
o Engagement. In digital age, people now receive information quickly through
email.
o Knowledge. Media gather wealth of personal data about users’
preferences, interests, and behavior.
o Access. Today’s reader is always “on” and always addressable, accessing
content many times throughout the day from multiple locations.
o Channel. Users interact with content on more channels than ever before in the
mobile applications.
●Impact of Social Media
o The Impact of Social Media on Journalism
o The Impact of Social Media on Society
o The Impact of Social Media on Commerce
●The Challenges of Social Media
o Lack of Privacy
Essay: Write a 300-word essay about the “Power of Social Media and the
Responsibility of the Users in Time of Pandemic.” Use the rubrics below to guide
you. Write your outputs in a short bond paper.
Writing Rubrics
Criteria 20 16 13 10
Most words Some words Words are chosen Words are
are carefully are carefully with less care; chosen with less
chosen; writing chosen; writing writing is care; writing is
is is sometimes sometimes
clear and clear and unclear; most words unclear; some
legible. Most legible. Most are spelled words are
Mechanics words are words are correctly and is spelled
spelled spelled grammatically incorrectly and
correctly and correctly and correct. proper
proper proper punctuation is not
punctuation is punctuation is employed.
employed. employed.
Major points Major points Major points are Topic is
are presented are presented. presented. oversimplified or
and However, some However, most of fails to present
fully supported of them are not them are not major points.
with convincing supported with supported with
arguments, convincing convincing
ASSESSMENT
1. Which of the following is a disadvantage of citizen
journalism?
A. It empowers local communities.
B. It has limited audience in some cases.
C. It addresses the gaps in mainstream media.
D. It gives an opportunity to cover all sides of the story.
2. Which form of media is everywhere, encompassing
television, print, radio and the internet, in the form of
online publications?
E. social media C. media literacy
F. audio media D. mainstream media
3. What websites and applications enable users to create
and share content or to participate in social
networking?
A. media information C. social media
B. mainstream media D. media literacy
4. What brings wealth of information at a fingertip?
C. internet C. e-commerce
D. online shops D. printed news
paper
5. What is described as content available on-demand
through the internet?
E. Visual media C. new media
6. Who are the first to report breaking stories with eye-
witness videos and real-time Information?
A. scholarly articles C. hard wares
B. electronic gadgets D. citizen’s journalism
7. Which of the following is a threat faced by users of
social media?
C. can create viral contents
D. build relationships
E. cyberbullying and abuse
F. worldwide connectivity
8. Which of the following statements describe the impact
of social media on relationships?
A. Social media allowed the misuse of information.
B. Social media encouraged people to form and cherish
artificial friendship.
C. Social media became a source of immediate
dissemination of news reports.
D. Social media paved the way of online selling and other
businesses done online.
9. What major benefit did social media give to e-
commerce?
A. more sales than in an average store
B. less source of consumers because of expensive
advertisements
C. more products were put to waste because of too
much production
D. less income because people do not know how to use
electronic devices
10. Which of the following is NOT a key area of
opportunity in digital media?
E. engagement C. channel
F. access D. Wi-Fi
