Understanding Data Types
This presentation explores the fundamental concept of data types
in programming. We will cover how data types classify values. They
impact operations, storage, and interpretation. Understanding
them is crucial for efficient and correct code.
by KARTHIK NAMA
Primitive Data Types
Basic Building Blocks Direct
Representation
Primitive types form the
fundamental units of These values cannot be
data. They directly further decomposed into
represent values. simpler types. They are
atomic.
Examples Vary
Integers, floats, characters, and booleans are common
examples. Their specifics vary by language.
Primitive: Integer Types
Whole Numbers Memory & Range
Integers represent whole numbers. This includes positive, Larger sizes like 64-bit "long" store bigger ranges. They
negative, or zero values. also consume more memory.
• Sizes: 8-bit, 16-bit, 32-bit, 64-bit.
• Java "int": -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647.
Primitive: Floating-Point Types
Real Numbers
They represent numbers with fractional parts. Used for
precision calculations.
Precision Levels
Single-precision (float) is 32-bit. Double-precision (double) is
64-bit.
IEEE 754
This standard defines their representation. It ensures
consistency across systems.
Decimal Digits
C++ "float" has about 7 digits. "double" offers 15-17 digits.
Composite Data Types
Building Blocks Examples Memory Management
Composite types are built from Structures, arrays, and strings Memory allocation can be static
primitives or other composites. are common composite types. or dynamic. This impacts
They organize related data. Each serves a unique purpose. flexibility and performance.
Composite: Arrays and Strings
Arrays
Collections of elements of the same data type. Stored in contiguous memory.
Strings
Sequences of characters, often null-terminated. They represent text.
C++ Example
int arr[10]; allocates 10 integer spaces. This is contiguous.
Abstract Data Types (ADTs)
Behavior-Defined Encapsulation
ADTs are defined by their Information hiding is a core
operations, not implementation. principle. Internal details are
They focus on "what" not "how." hidden from the user.
Flexible Implementation Common Examples
They can be built using various Lists, stacks, queues, trees, and
data structures. This provides graphs. These organize data for
flexibility and efficiency. specific uses.
Summary and Key Takeaways
1
Efficiency
Correct data type choice is essential. It optimizes performance.
2
Foundation
Primitive types are the base. Composite and abstract types build on them.
3
Critical Skill
Understanding data types is vital for all software development. It underpins good code.
4
Impact
It affects program speed, memory footprint, and overall reliability. Choose wisely.
