Dr.
AZIM GOWANI
GIC-MODIFICATIONS
ACID BASE REACTION
• Glass-ionomer cement components,
when blended together, undergo a
hardening reaction that involves
neutralization of the acid groups by
the powdered glass base.
• Significant amounts of fluoride ions
are released during this reaction
TYPES OF GIC
• Type I - Luting cement used for cementation of crownsand
bridges
• Type II - Restorative cement used for aesthetic fillings
• Type III - GIC used as liners and bases
• Type IV - GIC used as pit and fissure sealants
• Type V - GIC used for orthodontic cementation
• Type VI - GIC is used for core build-up in highly mutilated
teeth
• Type VII - Fluoride releasing GIC
RECENT ADVANCES
HIGH VISCOCITY GIC RMGIC
LOW VISCOCITY GIC COMPOMERS
IMPROVED METAL RESIN MODIFIES
TRADITIONAL GIC MODIFIED GIC GIC
MIRACLE MIX
CERMET
RECENT ADVANCES
FLUORIDE BIOACTIVE
GIOMERS
RELEASING GIC GLASS
1. IMPROVED TRADITIONAL
GIC
HIGH VISCOCITY
• Due to possibility of reduced secondary caries by
fluoride release and for ease of use of GIC these
developments have been made
• This material was largely developed as a response to
the need for filling materials in the ART treatment
• ART refers to the restorations of teeth under
conditions of minimal instrumentation
ART-ATRAUMATIC RESTORATIVE
TREATMENT
ADVANTAGES OF PACKABLE GIC
OVER TRADITIONAL GIC
• They are packable and condensable
• Easy to place and non sticky
• Moisture sensitivity is reduced
• Improved wear and tear
• Low solubility
DISADVANTAGES
• Aesthetics disadvantages
• Limited life potential
• Cannot be polished greatly
LOW VISCOCITY
• This type has been developed as a liners, fissures and
protecting materials for hypersensitive cervical areas
• These are designed with low p/l ratio and high
flowable
• Mostly used as a fissure protecting materials during
eruptions of teeth
METAL MODIFIED GIC
• Traditional GIC lacks toughness and hence cannot
withstand high stress concentrations
• GIC have been modified by inclusion of metal filler
particles in an attempt to improve toughness and
strength
• Two methods:
1. Miracle mix-hand mixing
2. Cermet-sintering method
PROPERTIES
• Mechanical properties:- there is no appreciable advantage of
using metal modified GIC over conventional GIC. The clinical
performance of cermet cements is considered to be inferior to
other restorative materials, so much so that their use is now
discouraged.
• Anticariogenic Property:- Both metal modified ionomers have
anticariogenic capability due to leaching of fluoride. However,
less fluoride is released from Cermet cement than restorative
GIC. On the other hand the admixed cement releases more
fluoride than restorative GIC
• Esthetics:- These materials are gray in color because of metallic
phases within them; therefore, they are ur suitable for use
in anterior teeth.
INDICATIONS CONTRA-INDICATIONS
• As an alternative to • Anterior teeth
amalgam in class 1 in restorations
primary teeth • Areas subjected to high
• Core build up occlusal loading
• Lining of class 2
amalgam
• Preventive restorations
ZIRCONIA MODIFIED GIC
• Zirconia containing GIC - A potential substitute for
miracle mix.
• The diametral tensile strength of zirconia containing
GIC significantly high to better interfacial bonding
Between the particles and matrix.
RESIN MODIFIED GIC
• Low strength and moisture sensitivity of traditional
GIC was the result of slow acid-base reaction
• Hence to overcome, polymerizable resin was added to
GIC to impart curing process and allow the bulk of
material to mature through acid base reaction
• Basically resin is added to make them more
photocurable
PROPERITES
• Strength:- The compressive strength is slightly lower when compared to
conventional GIC. They have a greater fracture toughness because of the
greater resilience of the resin component.
• Hardness:- The hardness is comparable to that of conventional GIC.
• Adhesion:-The bonding mechanism to tooth structure is similar to that of
conventional GIC. Micromechanical retention also plays a role in the
bonding process.
• These materials bond better to composite resins than conventional GIC.
This may be because of the presence of residual unreacted monomers
within the RMGI.
PROPERITES
• Microleakage:- These materials have a greater amount of
microleakage when compared to G This may be due to the
polymerization shrinkage
• Anticariogenic:- Significant anticariogenic effect because of
the fluoride release, equivalent to that of conventional GIC.
• Pulpal response:- The pulpal response to the cement is mild.
• Esthetics:-They are more translucent and therefore more
esthetic than conventional GIC.
DIS ADVANTAGES
• BIOCOMPATIBLITY is controversial
• Setting shrinkage is higher
• Low wear and tear resistance compared to composite
advantages
• Can be finished and polished immediately after set
• Repairs can be carried out
• Increased adhesion to composite when used as a base
{SANDWICH TECHNIQUE}
• Fluoride release is better than conventional GIC
SANDWICH TECHNIQUE
COMPOMER
Comp-composite and omer-glass
ionomer
COMPOMER
• Improved physical and clinical properties
• High fluoride release
• Compomers- glass ionomer added to composite resin
fillers
INDICATIONS CONTRA-INDICATIONS
• Sealing and filling pits • Class 2 and 4 lesions
and fissures • Lesions involving large
• Restoration of primary labial areas
teeth • Cuspal areas
• Minimal cavity • Under metal or PFM areas
preparations where light cannot
• Lining and core build up penetrate
• Class 3 and 5
restorations
FLUORIDE MODIFIED GIC
LOW PH SMART MATERIAL
• This material is based on fact that fluoride should be
released at a low ph i.e when carious attack may be
more active
• Hence they are called smart materials as there is
episodic release and not continuous
• This prolongs therapeutic use of material
Bio active glass
• Excellent material use in maxillofacial
and cranio-facial surgeries as it
performs better than hydroxyapatite
• The Bioactive Glass This idea was
developed by Hench and co in 1973.
• It takes into account the fact that on
acid dissolution of glass, there is
formation of a layer rich in Ca and PO4
around the glass, such a glass can form
intimate bioactive bonds with bone cells
and get fully integrated with the bone
GIOMER
• Giomer is a tooth-colored restorative material that uses a resin
base and pre-reacted glass ionomer (PRG) technology.
• S-PRG technology delivers some properties of glass ionomer
such as fluoride release and recharge which helps prevent
caries recurrence.
• It also provides properties of composite resin such as excellent
aesthetics, easy polishability, biocompatibility
and smooth surface
GIOMER
NANOPARTICLE MODIFIED GIC
FIBER REINFORCED GIC:
• In corporation of aluminia fibers into the glass powder
to improve upon its flexural strength
ANTI-MICROBIAL GIC
• TiO2 is added to improve anti microbial property
THANK-YOU
