UNIVERSAL

VALUES
VALUES
- are basic and fundamental beliefs that guide or
motivate attitudes or actions. They help us to
determine what is important to us. Values
describe the personal qualities we choose to
embody to guide our actions; the sort of person
we want to be; the manner in which we treat
ourselves and others, and our interaction with the
world around us. They provide the general
guidelines for conduct.
Values in a narrow sense is that which is
good, desirable, or worthwhile. Values are the
motive behind purposeful action. They are
the ends to which we act and come in many
forms. Personal values are personal beliefs
about right and wrong and may or may not
be considered moral. Cultural values are
values accepted by religions or societies and
reflect what is important in each context.
Values are essential to ethics. Ethics is
concerned with human actions, and the choice
of those actions. Ethics evaluates those
actions, and the values that underlie them. It
determines which values should be pursued,
and which shouldn't. Those who value courage
are willing to stand up for what they believe,
even in the face of strong condemnation.
Courage is a moral value when it deals with
right and wrong conduct.
Values specifies a relationship between a person and a
goal. It is relational in the sense that what one person
values may not be what another person values even in
the same situation. For example, a person who values
honesty might blow the whistle on financial wrongdoing
by a superior whereas another person who values
loyalty may remain silent. This is an example of values
conflict. The honest person may believe there are limits
to loyalty and keeping quiet about a wrongful act out of
loyalty might harm others. The loyal person may believe
in the importance of keeping one’s confidence even if it
might harm others because of the trusting relationship.
Some values stand up well over the test of time; they
are always good or rightful behavior. Honesty and
kindness are two such examples. It is difficult to
imagine having a satisfying relationship without them
because they build trust in relationships. There are
always exceptions but they are rare. For example, if a
criminal out to do harm to your friend knocks on the
door and asks whether you have seen the friend,
you’re probably not going to say yes and rationalize it
out of a sense of honesty. Here, the greater good, so
to speak, is to protect your friend from harm.
it is defined as the predicting the
future behaviour of any individual or
organization, belief, mutuality and
predictability are always associate with
trust.
 FOUR SUB-
VALUES OF
TRUSTWORTHINE


Honesty
Integrity
SS
Reliability
Loyalty
- It is a facet of moral character that connotes positive and virtuous
attributes such as integrity, truthfulness, straightforwardness, including
straightforwardness of conduct, along with the absence of lying,
cheating, theft, etc. Honesty also involves being trustworthy, loyal, fair,
and sincere
HONESTY IN
COMMUNICATION
- IT IS DEFINED AS NOT TO HIDE ANY INFORMATION FOR THE
PURPOSE OF DECEIVING SOMEONE

HONESTY IN ACTION
- IT IS DEFINED AS NOT TO GET INVOLVED INTO THE
PROCESS OF CHEATING OR ANY FRAUDS
-IT IS DERIVED FROM THE WORD INTEGER’S (E. SOMETHING WHICH
CANNOT BE IN FRACTION

INTELLECTUAL INTEGRITY
- IT IS DEFINED AS BEING CONSISTENT ENOUGH SO THAT THE WORDS
SPOKEN OR AND THE ACTIONS PERFORMES REMAIN CONSTANT IN
SIMILAR SITUATIONS

FINANCIAL INTEGRITY
- A PERSON HOLDING THE AUTHORITY OR POST SHOULD NOT USE
HIS/HER POST FOR THE FINANCIAL BENEFITS OF THE SELF OR THE FAMILY
it is defined as ability to
unkeep the promises.
it is defined as ability to
protect the interests of
someone beyond the normal
obligation
 HIERARCHY OF VALUES
1. SENSORY VALUES – values that are objects of sensory
feelings, and their corresponding subjective states are
delight and pain.
2. VITAL VALUES – these values are noble and vulgar. The
feeling-stares of this modality include all modes of the
feeling of life: feelings of health, sickness, aging,
exhaustion, energy, vigorous and other
3. SPIRITUAL VALUES – values correspond to spiritual
feelings, more appropriately to the spiritual act of love.
The realm of spiritual values have a peculiar sphere of the
lived body and the environment
 CONCEPT OF UNIVERSAL VALUES
- SHALOM H. SCHWARTS
UNIVERSALISM – understanding, appreciation, tolerance and
protection for the welfare of all people and for
nature.
BENEVOLENCE – preservation and enhancement of the welfare
of people with whom ones is in frequent personal
contact.
TRADITION – respect, commitment and acceptance of the
customs and ideas that traditional culture or
religion provide the self.
SECURITY – safety, harmony, and stability of society, of
relationships, and of self.
 CONCEPT OF UNIVERSAL VALUES
- SHALOM H. SCHWARTS
POWER – social status and prestige, control or dominance
over people and resources.
ACHIEVEMENT – personal success through demonstrating
competence according to social standards.
HEDONISM – pleasure and sensuous gratification for
oneself.
STIMULATION – excitement, novelty and challenge in life.
SELF-DIRECTION – independent thought and action –
choosing, creating, exploring.
also called esteem, is a positive feeling or action
shown towards someone or something considered
important, or held in high esteem or regard. It
conveys a sense of admiration for good or valuable
qualities.
 means you do the things you are supposed to do and
accept the results of your actions. A responsibility:
something you are expected to do.
Being responsible: doing the things you are
supposed to do. Accepting responsibility: taking the
praise or the blame for something you have done.
Itis the provision of what is
necessary for the health, welfare,
maintenance, and protection of
someone or something.
 is the concept in sociology, law and generally in
society, that something should be equal and not be a
contradiction to accepted standards. It's related to
justice in both the legal and sociological
sense. Fairness is also treating others equally or in a
way that is considered right or reasonable.
 relationship between an individual and a state
to which the individual owes allegiance and in
turn is entitled to its protection. Citizenship
implies the status of freedom with
accompanying responsibilities. Citizens have
certain rights, duties, and responsibilities that
are denied or only partially extended to aliens
and other noncitizens residing in a country.
BASIC UNIVERSAL HUMAN
VALUES
Happiness Intelligence
Peace Respect
Love Equality
Freedom justice
Safety
 IMPORTANCE OF HAVING A
STRONG MORAL
CHARACTER
Build confidence
Achieve peace of mind
Strengthen trust Become a positive role
Build a solid reputation model
Reduce anxiety Live a purpose-driven
Increase leadership life
effectiveness Build a strong business
SOME GOOD CHARACTER TRAITS
TO PRACTICE
 Attract the trust and respect of other people
 Allows you to influence others
 Changes your perspective about failure
 Sustains you through difficult times or opposition
 Improves your self-esteem, self-respect and
confidence
 Creates a foundation for happy, healthy
STAGES OF MORAL
DEVELOPMENT Stage 1
Stage 2
Obedience and
Level 1 Individual interest:
punishment
Pre-conventional behavior driven by
behavior driven by
morality self-interest and
avoiding
rewards
punishment

Stage 4
Level 2 Stage 3 Authority: behavior
Conventional Interpersonal: driven by obeying
morality behavior driven by authority and
social approval conforming to social
order

Stage 5
Level 3 Stage 6
Social Contact:
Universal Ethics:
Post-conventional behavior driven by
behavior driven by
morality balance of social
internal moral
order and individua
principles
rights