Earth's Climate System
Learning Competency
At the end of this lesson, the given DepEd learning
competency should be met by the students.
Explain that the Earth consists of four subsystems,
across whose boundaries matter and energy flow
(S11/12ES-Ia-e-4).
Learning Objectives
At the end of this lesson, the learner should be able
to do the following:
● Differentiate between weather and climate.
● Explain how Earth’s subsystems interact and
affect the climate system.
Have you ever
noticed that
there are
weather
patterns that
are common
during
particular
months?
What causes
the changes in
Earth’s
climate?
Try it!
Warm-Up
A Picture of You
• Choose one of the photos provided.
• With your group, analyze the picture and list
down two parts of the ecosystem that are
components of the four major subsystems of
Earth.
Try it!
Warm-Up
Try it!
Warm-Up
Try it!
Warm-Up
Try it!
Warm-Up
Learn about it!
Weather Climate
short-term changes long-term patterns
Learn about it!
Several factors that affect climate, thus
leading to constantly-changing
conditions. Some of these include the
following:
● greenhouse gases
● the hydrosphere
● soil and vegetation
● topography
● the biosphere
Learn about it!
1. Greenhouse Gases
●These are gases that trap heat.
●Examples are water vapor (H2O)
carbon dioxide (CO2)
methane (CH4)
nitrous oxide (N2O,)
ozone (O3)
Learn about it!
Greenhouse Gases
Learn about it!
2. The Hydrosphere
●It influences the climate system by
storing and transporting large amounts
of energy.
●The oceans act as climate regulator
because they strongly influence the
temperature changes.
Oceans absorb the majority of sunlight
that reaches Earth’s surface.
Learn about it!
3. Soil and
Vegetation
● It affects climate by
controlling how much energy
received from the sun is
returned to the environment.
● Soil moisture greatly affects
surface temperature because
the evaporation of water from
the soil requires energy.
Learn about it!
4. Topography
● The topography
or the description
of the surface
feature of the
land affects the
wind that blows
on the land
surface. The surface features of the land, also has
an effect on climate
Learn about it!
5. Biosphere
● The biosphere
affects climate
through
photosynthesis
and
respiration.
Plants have a significant effect on climate.
Key Points
● Several factors affect an area’s climate
the four spheres, in particular, have a huge effect.
● Atmospheric condition
is affected by the greenhouse gases present, especially water vapor.
● The hydrosphere
influences climate by storing and releasing huge amounts of energy in the
oceans.
Key Points
● Topography
affects the climate by acting as physical barriers for clouds and storms.
Biosphere can affect the climate system by absorbing carbon dioxide
and providing oxygen.
Check Your Understanding
Write true if the statement is correct.
Otherwise, write false.
1. Wet soil lowers surface temperature.
2. Greenhouse gases allow heat to escape the
atmosphere.
3. Oceans release heat throughout Earth.
4. Mountain chains affect weather by absorbing heat.
5. Animals affect the atmosphere by releasing carbon
dioxide.
Bibliography
Botkin, Daniel B and Edward A Keller. 2011. Environmental Science Earth as a Living Planet. USA: John
Wiley and Sons, Inc.
Hefferan, Kevin and John O’Brien. 2010. Earth Materials. UK: Wiley-Blackwell.
Marshak, Stephen. 2009. Essentials of Geology 3rd Edition, New York: W.W. Norton & Company.
NASA. “International Cooperation.” Accessed April 3, 2018.
https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/cooperation/index.html.
NASA. “Astronaut Requirements.” Accessed April 3, 2018.
https://www.nasa.gov/audience/forstudents/postsecondary/features/F_Astronaut_Requirements.ht
ml
.
Prothero, Donald R and Robert H. Dott, Jr. 2010. Evolution of the Earth. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Bibliography
Tarbuck, Edward J and Frederick K. Lutgens. 2015. Earth Science. 14th edition. Pearson Education Inc.
United States Geological Survey. “Precipitation: The Water Cycle.” Last modified December 2, 2016.
Accessed February 8, 2017. http://water.usgs.gov/edu/watercycleprecipitation.html.
University of Colorado Boulder. “Biogeochemical Cycles.” Accessed April 3, 2018.
https://web.archive.org/web/20160308040209/https://www.colorado.edu/GeolSci/courses/GEOL107
0/chap04/chapter4.html
.
University Corporation for Atmospheric Research. “Layers of Earth’s Atmosphere.”
https://scied.ucar.edu/atmosphere-layers.
University of Michigan’s Global Change Courses. “A Goddess of the Earth? A Debate over the Gaia
Hypothesis.” Accessed April 3, 2018.
https://globalchange.umich.edu/globalchange1/current/lectures/Gaia/index.html.
Utah State University. “Trees and Climate Change.” Accessed April 4, 2018.
Write true if the statement is correct. Otherwise,
write false.
1. Wet soil lowers surface temperature. 1,. True
2. Greenhouse gases allow heat to escape the 2. False
atmosphere. 3. False
3. Oceans release heat throughout Earth. 4. False
4. Mountain chains affect the weather by 5. True
absorbing heat.
5. Animals affect the atmosphere by releasing
carbon dioxide.
