BAMBOO AS

CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL

PRESENTED BY:-
Dhanwate Shekhar A.
712320014
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
USE OF BAMBOO IN CONSTRUCTION
ADVANTAGES OF BAMBOO
BASIC PROPERTIES OF BAMBOO
STRESS-STRAIN BEHAVIOUR OF BAMBOO
WITH CONCRETE
SOME PART OF DESIGN
CASE STUDIES
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
 INTRODUCTION TO BAMBOO
Bamboo is a woody grass. It is the fastest-growing
woody plant in the world. Some species of bamboo
grow so fast you can almost see them grow.
Bamboos are some of the fastest growing plants in
the world. They are capable of growing 60 cm or
more per day. However, the growth rate is
dependent on local soil and climatic conditions.
Bamboo are found in diverse climates, from cold
mountains to hot tropical regions. They occur
across East Asia, through to Northern Australia,
and west to India and the Himalayas.
In bamboo, the inter nodal regions of the stem
are hollow and the vascular bundles in the cross
section are scattered throughout the stem instead
of in a cylindrical arrangement.
ADVANTAGES
Low-cost and environment friendly.
Light weight compared to steel.
Shock absorbing and thus earthquake resistant.
It uses less fossil fuel to manufacture.
Bamboo can prevent pollution by absorbing large
amounts of nitrogen from waste water and
reducing the amount of carbon dioxide in the air.
Its abundance in tropical and subtropical regions
makes it an economically advantageous material.
USE OF BAMBOO IN CONSTRUCTION

• Scaffolding

• Reinforcement

• Roofing

• Walling

• Doors & Windows

TENSIL STRESS AND UNIT WEIGHT

The common tensile stress in steel

reinforcement is 160 N/mm2 and in bamboo 370
N/mm2.

The mass per volume of steel is 7850 kg/m3 and

of bamboo is about 500-600 kg/m3.

 Evidently bamboo will be cheaper because

the price of bamboo per weight will be less
than half that of steel.
DURABILTY
Bamboo with low humidity is less prone to
mould attacks especially when humidity
content is less than 15%.

Physical and mechanical properties of

bamboo increase with a decrease in its
humidity content.

Bamboo to be treated with a preservative

needs to be dry to facilitate penetration.
Bamboo can be dried in air, green house, and
oven or by fire.
Preservatives Recommended
Coal Tar Creosote

Copper – chrome - arsenic compositions

Acid- cupric – chromate composition

Copper – chrome- born composition

Copper zinc – napthanate Abietates

EARTHQUAKE RESISTANCE
As said earlier, bamboo is a perfect material for
earthquakes it is lightweight, and the hollow form
gives much stiffness.
But some can ask how to assess whether a
bamboo house would survive an earthquake of a
given intensity? But for that A dynamic test on a
full-scale house is extremely expensive.
So that At the National Bamboo Project of Costa
Rica, only typical walls were tested, using a static
test. The wall was fixed on a steel frame and using
a hydraulic jack, a horizontal force was applied at
an upper corner and in the plane of the wall.
Vertical reinforcement helps to tie the wall to the
foundation and to the ring beam and restrains out-of-
plane bending and in-plane shear.
Horizontal reinforcement helps to transmit the out-of-
plane forces in transverse walls to the supporting
shear walls, as well as to restrain the shear stresses
between adjoining walls and to minimize vertical
crack.
Some building codes have incorporated these
recommendations for the construction of new adobe
houses, such as the Adobe Construction Regulations
of the province of San Juan, Argentina, that have
incorporated the use of the ring beam, and the
Peruvian Adobe Code that incorporated a ring beam
together with vertical and horizontal reinforcement.
 REPLACEMENT OF MUD OR BRICK
WALLS WITH BAMBOO REINFORCED
CONCRETE PANEL
REPLACEMENT OF MUD OR BRICK WALLS WITH
BAMBOO REINFORCED CONCRETE PANEL
In this case bamboo meshes are used as
reinforced material in concrete. The use of
bamboo mesh panels as wall makes the
structure economical, shock absorbing and
environment-friendly.
Concrete Mix Proportion

The same mix proportions which are used in

case of steel reinforced slabs can be used but
it is preferred to use concrete which has high
early strength cement so as to reduce cracks
caused by swelling of bamboo.
The concrete used in the panels is lean
mixture with mix proportions of 1:2:4 of
cement: fine aggregate: course aggregate
and water to cement ratio of 0.4, all measured
by weight.
Bamboo Framework
The bamboo used in the panels was allowed to dry
for two to three weeks before construction of the
panels, so as to remove all the moisture present in
the bamboo.
Then a framework of bamboo strips is constructed
by cross-linking the strips.
To avoid swelling of bamboo strips, a thin coating
of asphalt is applied, as thick coating will lubricate
the surface and thus weaken the bond between
bamboo and concrete.
This bamboo framework can also be brought from
the market as it is readily available.
Three singly bamboo reinforced slabs were
tested with the central point loading test.
Also, three cubes of 150 mm × 150 mm × 150
mm and three cylinders of 150 mm × 300 mm
were casted for finding out the 28 days
compressive strength.
The average compressive strength of the
cube and cylinder were found 19.89 N/mm2 and
19.32 N/mm2, respectively.
COST COMPARISION
 Study concludes that…..
The strength of bamboo concrete panels is quite
higher than the mud wall and use of bamboo is
highly recommended in flood prone areas.
The bamboo concrete panels are much more
durable.
The initial cost of the bamboo-concrete panels is
higher but the maintenance cost is lower as
compared to mud walls.
The technology evolved can be effectively
adopted for construction of low-cost houses with
cost ranging from Rs 180 to 250/feet2 depending
upon the design of the house and nature of
interior finish, and also upon the local conditions.
Construction of bamboo panels does not require
much skill and can be easily done.

Mud walls get washed in case of floods which do

not happen in case of bamboo reinforced concrete
walls.

For regions, where the availability of steel is limited

and plain concrete members are commonly being
used, the use of reinforced bamboo concrete is
highly recommended.

Asphalt coating on the bamboo mat and sand

spraying increase the bond between concrete and
bamboo.
SOME DESIGN PARAMETERS
CONCRETE MIX
The same mix designs can be used as would
normally be used with steel reinforced
concrete.

Concrete slump should be as low as

workability will allow
SOME PHOTORAPHS OF ARRANGEMENT
OF BAMBOO
INDIAN STANDARDS
Indian Specifications for
Bamboo & Bamboo Products
IS 14588 : 1999 Specification for Bamboo Mat Veneer Composite for General
Purposes
IS 13958 : 1994 Specification for Bamboo Mat Board for General Purposes
IS 1902 : 1993 Code of Practice for Preservation of Bamboo and Cane for non-
structural purposes
IS 10145 : 1982 Specification for Bamboo Supports for Camouflaging Equipment
IS 9096 : 1979 Code of Practice for Preservation of Bamboo and Cane for
Structural purposes
IS 8242 :1976 Method of Tests for Split Bamboo
IS 8295 :1976 Specification for Bamboo Chicks ; Part 1 Fine, Part 2 Coarse
IS 7344 : 1974 Specification for Bamboo Tent Pole
IS 6874 : 1973 Method of Tests for Round Bamboo
IS 15476 : 2004 Specification for Bamboo Mat Corrugated Sheets
IS 9096:2006 Code of Practice for preservation of bamboo for structural
purpose
APPLICATION OF BAMBOO IN VARIOUS
PROJECTS
Construction of demonstration structures using
bamboo materials in Mizoram and Tripura

Salient Features of the Structures

• Bamboo posts
• Bamboo grid ferrocement walls
• Bamboo trusses and purlins
• Bamboo Mat Corrugated Sheet Roofing
Demonstration buildings for Kerala forest
Research Institute, Nilambur , Kerala
View of the complex
showing three
buildings different
category of
application-
residential, office
and medium rise.
All the components
of the buildings are
of bamboo.
‘Whispering Palms’ Holiday resort for Abad group
of Hotels at Kumarakom.
Premises in Cochin, Kerala
The structure
Covering an area of 2750 Sft, this office is
probably the first and largest of its kind and
an experiment where we have attempted to
develop a technology for using bamboo in
floors, walls and roofs in ways that meet
needs.
Bamboo is used in combination with RCC
(columns) ferro-cement (beams) and a limited
quantity of reinforced plaster so as to arrive
at an attractive functional and replicable
combination of technologies.
DISADVANTAGES
It is not that uniform, i.e., large varieties of
bamboo are found having different tensile
strength.
It has tendency to absorb water and also to release
water on drying.
Bamboo wood is easily infected by wood-boring
insects and attracts living organisms, such as,
fungi and insects because of its high content of
nutrients unless treated with wood preservatives
or kept very dry.
It is susceptible to catch fire as compared to steel.
CONCLUSION
Since bamboo is an environment friendly material it
should give more importance.

Bamboo is very light in weight with compare to steel so

dead load of the member can be decreased with use of it.

Bamboo is easily avail material so it is economic material

and by using it we can reduced the cost of construction.

Since bamboo is very effective in seismic resistance, use

of it should be safe.
REFERENCES
BOOKS
“Bamboo as reinforcement in structural concrete
elements” by:-Khosrow Ghavami
“Design and building with bamboo” by:- Jules
J.A.Jansse
REPORTS
“Bamboo Reinforced Concrete Wall as a Replacement
to Brick and Mud Wall” by:- M Mishra, S Mujumdar
“Connections and slab for bamboo construction” by
Guzman David, PhD candidate ,Morel Claude,Professor
”Adobe Construction” by Marcial Blondet and Gladys
Villa Garcia M. Catholic University of Peru, Peru
THANK YOU