Diesel POWER PLANT ENGINEERING
by
[Link] Hayat Saggu
INTRODUCTION:
A generating station in which diesel engine is used as
the prime mover for the generation of electrical
energy is known as diesel power station
Diesel power plants produce power in the range of 2
to 50 MW.
They are used as standby sets for continuity of
supply such as hospitals, telephone exchanges, radio
stations, cinema theatres and industries.
They are suitable for mobile power generation and
widely used in railways , submarine & ships.
Applications of diesel power plant
• They are used as central station for small or
medium power supplies.
• They can be used as stand-by plants to hydro-
electric power plants and steam power plants
for emergency services.
• They can be used as peak load plants in
combinations with thermal or hydro-plants.
• They are quite suitable for mobile power
generation and are widely used in
transportation systems such as automobiles,
railways, air planes and ships.
Four stroke engine
DIESEL ENGINE power plant
GENERAL LAYOUT
Essential elements of Diesel
Power Plant
Engine System
Starting System
Lubrication System
Fuel System
Cooling System
Exhaust System
Engine system
• ENGINE: This is the main component of the plant
which develops required power. The engine is
generally directly coupled to the generator
• Generally classified as two stroke engine and four
stroke engines.
Starting system
• The function of this system is to start the
engine from cold by supplying
compressed air at about 17 bar supplied
from an air tank. Fuel is admitted to the
remaining cylinders and ignited in the
normal way causing the engine to start.
Lubrication system
• It includes the oil pumps, oil tanks,
filters, coolers and connecting
pipes.
• The purpose of the lubrication system
is to reduce the wear of the engine
moving parts
• Part of the cylinder such as piston ,
shafts , valves must be lubricated.
• Lubrication also helps to cool the
engine
oil tank
Fuel system
• It includes the storage tank, fuel pump, fuel transfer pump,
strainers and heater.
• Pump draws diesel from storage tank to day tank through
the filter
• Diesel is filtered before being injected into the engine by
the fuel injection pump.
strainer
s
Cooling system
• The temperature of the hot gases inside the cylinder
may be as high as 2750 c . If there is no external
cooling, the cylinder walls and piston will tend to
assume the average temp. of the gases.
• Cooling is necessary because:
• To avoid deterioration or burning of lubricating oil.
• The strength of the materials used for various
engine parts decreases with increase in temperature.
Local thermal stress can develop due to uneven
expansion of various parts.
• Due to high cylinder head temp. the efficiency and
hence power O/P of the engine are reduced.
Exhaust system
Exhaust system
• This includes the silencers and connecting ducts.
• The exhaust gases coming out of the engine is very
noisy.
• silencer (muffler) is provide to reduce the noise.
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF
DIESEL POWER PLANT
ADVANTAGES-> DISADVANTAGES->
Simple design & layout of High running charges
plant due to costly price of
Occupies less space & is Diesel
compact Generates small
Can be started quickly and amount of
picks power
up load in a short time Cost of lubrication
Requires less water for very high
Maintenance charges
cooling
are generally high
Thermal efficiency better
Noise problem
that of Steam Power Plant
of same size Capacity is restricted.
No ash handling problem Cannot be of very big
size
Less operating and
supervising
