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Percentage

The document explains the concept of percentage, illustrating how it represents a value in relation to a whole, expressed as a fraction out of 100. It provides methods for increasing and decreasing values by a certain percentage, detailing both two-step and one-step approaches. Additionally, it includes worked examples for practice in calculating percentage increases and decreases.

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15 views12 pages

Percentage

The document explains the concept of percentage, illustrating how it represents a value in relation to a whole, expressed as a fraction out of 100. It provides methods for increasing and decreasing values by a certain percentage, detailing both two-step and one-step approaches. Additionally, it includes worked examples for practice in calculating percentage increases and decreases.

Uploaded by

mattwstephenson123
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

PERCENTAGE

Grade 10
Math Lit
Term 1
WHAT IS PERCENTAGE (%)?

• A percentage shows the size of a value in relation to a whole, where the whole is defined as
being 100.
• As such, a percentage is always expressed as a fraction out of 100.
• So if you get 50% for a test, what does that mean?
• It could mean you got 50 out of 100, or 10 out of 20, or 5 out of 10, or... in other words 50%
means you got half your answers correct.
• 50% means 50 out of 100 = 50 ÷ 100 = ½ ….. a fraction
• Therefore 50% = ½ = 0,5 …. a decimal
• These are all representations of the same thing.
• You need to be able to write all percentages as fractions and as decimals.
WORKED EXAMPLE

• Express the following as percentages:


1. 9 out of 10
2. 1 out of 4
3. 3 out of 6
4. 70 out of 100
5. 3 out of 5
6. 70 out of 80
INCREASE A VALUE BY A CERTAIN
PERCENTAGE
• There are two methods that can be used to increase an amount by a certain percentage.
• The 1st method requires 2 steps.
• The 2nd method requires 1 step.
• Example
• Increase R200 by 10%
• Method 1:
• Firstly, find 10% of the original amount.
• Increase = either R200 x 10% or 200 x 10/100 or 200 x 0,1
• These all equal equal R20
• Then add this amount to the original amount to get the increase amount. 10% =
10/100 = 0,1
• Total = to increase R200 by 10% : R200 + R20 = R220
METHOD 2
• To increase an amount by 10%, you need to multiply the original amount by
110% (i.e. whole, 100%, plus the increased percentage of 10%).
• 110% is 110/100 which is 1,1
• Therefore, to increase R200 by 10%:
• 200 x 110% or 200 x 110/100 or 200 x 1,1
• These all equal R220

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WORKED EXAMPLE
Calculate the following:
1. Increase R100 by 10%
2. Increase R20 by 25%
3. Increase R40 by 20%
4. Increase R1000 by 5%
5. Increase R250 by 14%

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DECREASE A VALUE BY A CERTAIN
•PERCENTAGE
There are two methods that can be used to decrease an amount by a certain
percentage.
• The 1st method requires 2 steps.
• The 2nd method requires 1 step.
• Example: Decrease R200 by 10%
• Method 1:
• Firstly, find 10% of the original amount.
• Decrease = by either R200 x 10% or 200 x 10/100 or 200 x 0,1
• These all equal R20
• Then subtract this amount from the original amount to get the decreased amount.
• Total = to decrease R200 by 10% : R200 – R20 = R1880

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METHOD 2
• To decrease an amount by 10%, you are in fact paying 90% of the original price
(100% -10% = 90%). 90% = 90/100 = 0,9
• Therefore, to decrease R200 by 10%:
• R200 x 90% or 200 x 90/100 or 200 x 0,9
• These all equal R180

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WORKED EXAMPLE

Calculate the following:


1. Decrease R100 by 10%
2. Decrease R20 by 25%
3. Decrease R40 by 20%
4. Decrease R1000 by 5%
5. Decrease R250 by 14%

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