Effective Persuasion
Developing Persuasive Documents
Overview
This presentation will cover:
The persuasive context The role of the audience What to research and cite How to establish your credibility
What is Persuasive Writing?
Definition: persuasive writing
seeks to convince its readers to embrace the
point-of-view presented by appealing to the
audiences reason and understanding through argument and/or entreaty.
Persuasive Genres
You encounter persuasion every day. TV Commercials Letters to the Editor Junk mail Magazine ads College brochures
Can you think of other persuasive contexts?
Steps for Effective Persuasion
Understand your audience Support your opinion Know the various sides of your issue Respectfully address other points of view Find common ground with your audience Establish your credibility
When to Persuade an Audience Your organization needs funding for a project Your boss wants you to make recommendations for a course of action You need to shift someones current point of view to build common ground so action can be taken
Understanding Your Audience
Who is your audience?
What beliefs do they hold about the topic? What disagreements might arise between you and your audience? How can you refute counterarguments with respect?
Understanding Your Audience
What concerns does your audience face? For example: Do they have limited funds to distribute? Do they feel the topic directly affects them? How much time do they have to consider your document?
Understanding Your Audience
Help your audience relate to your topic Appeal to their hearts as well as their minds.
Use anecdotes when appropriate Paint your topic in with plenty of detail Involve the readers senses in these sections
Researching an Issue
Become familiar with all sides of an issue. -find common ground -understand the history of the topic -predict the counterarguments your audience might make -find strong support for your own perspective
Researching an Issue
Find common ground with your audience For example:
Point of Opposition: You might support a war, whereas your audience might not.
Common ground: Both sides want to see their troops come home.
Researching an Issue
Predict counterarguments Example:
Your Argument: Organic produce from local Farmers Markets is better than store-bought produce. The Opposition: Organic produce is too expensive.
Researching an Issue
One Possible Counterargument: Organic produce is higher in nutritional value than store-bought produce and is also free of pesticides, making it a better value. Also, store-bought produce travels thousands of miles, and the cost of gasoline affects the prices of food on supermarket shelves.
Support Your Perspective
Appeal to the audiences reason
Use statistics and reputable studies
Cite experts on the topic
Do they back up what you say? Do they refute the other side?
Cite Sources with Some Clout
Which source would a reader find more credible?
The New York Times [Link]
Which person would a reader be more likely to believe?
Joe Smith from Fort Wayne, IN Dr. Susan Worth, Prof. of Criminology at Purdue University
Establish Credibility
Cite credible sources Cite sources correctly and thoroughly Use professional language (and design) Edit out all errors
Cite Sources Ethically
Dont misrepresent a quote or leave out important information. Misquote: Crime rates were down by 2002,
according to Dr. Smith.
Actual quote: Crime rates were down by
2002, but steadily began climbing again a year later, said to Dr. Smith.
Tactics to Avoid
Dont lecture or talk down to your audience Dont make threats or bully your reader Dont employ guilt trips Be careful if using the second person, you
Have More Questions?
Visit us at the Writing Lab
Heavilon Hall 226 4-3723 [Link]
Visit us online at the OWL
[Link]
The End
