Engineering
Drawing
Isometric Projections
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Contents
► Isometric Scale
► Basics of Isometric Projection.
► Steps to draw Isometric Projection.
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Learning Objective/ Key learning
► To Identify Method to draw Isometric projection
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Prior Knowledge
► TYPES OF LINES USED IN ENGINEERING DRAWING
A CONTINUOUS THICK
CONTINUOUS THIN
D 40 B
30 D (WAVY)
C SHORT ZIGZAG THIN
D CONTINUOUS THIN
F
25
D SHORT DASH MEDIUM
A E
(DOTED LINE )
B E F
LONG CHAIN THIN
150
(CENTER LINE)
G1
CUTTING PLANE LINE
G1
(IN F.V)
C 60
CUTTING PLANE LINE
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(IN T.V)
ISOMETRIC PROJECTION
► Isometric projection is a type of an axonometric projection (or pictorial projection).
► Isometric means ‘equal measure’.
► In isometric projection, all the mutually perpendicular plane surfaces of an object
and the edges formed by these surfaces are equally inclined to a POP.
► In isometric projection, only one view on a plane is drawn to represent the three
dimensions of an object. This provides a pictorial view with a real appearance.
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ISOMETRIC PROJECTION (TERMINOLOGY)
► Isometric axes: The three lines meeting at point O and making 120° angles with
each other are termed isometric axes.
► Isometric lines: The lines parallel to the isometric axes are called isometric lines or
isolines. A line parallel to the X-axis may be called an x-isoline. So are the cases of y-
isoline and z-isoline.
► Non-Isometric lines: The lines which are not parallel to isometric axes are called
non-isometric lines or non-isolines.
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ISOMETRIC PROJECTION (TERMINOLOGY)
► Isometric planes: The planes representing the faces of the cube as well as other
faces parallel to these faces are called isometric planes or isoplanes. Note that
isometric planes are always parallel to any of the planes formed by two isometric
axes.
► Non-Isometric planes: The planes which are not parallel to isometric planes are
called nonisometric planes or non-isoplanes (or non-isometric faces).
► Origin or Pole Point: The point on which a given object is supposed to be resting on
the HP or ground such that the three isometric axes originating from that point
make equal angles to POP is called an origin or pole point.
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ISOMETRIC PROJECTION (ISOMETRIC SCALE)
► The isometric projection appears smaller that the real object.
► Because all the isometric lines get equally foreshortened.
► The proportion by which isometric lines get foreshortened in an isometric projection
is called isometric scale.
► It is the ratio of the isometric length to the actual length.
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ISOMETRIC PROJECTIONS AND ISOMETRIC VIEWS
► Isometric projection is often constructed using isometric scale which gives dimensions
smaller than the true dimensions.
► However, to obtain isometric lengths from the isometric scale is always a cumbersome
task.
► Standard practice is to keep all dimensions as it is. The view thus obtained is called
isometric view or isometric drawing.
► As the isometric view utilizes actual dimensions, the isometric view of the object is seen
larger than its isometric projection.
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ISOMETRIC VIEW: RECTANGLE/SQUARE
D
H
RECTANGLE D
A D A L
L
C D C
A
B C B B
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ISOMETRIC VIEW: TRIANGLE
B
H
TRIANGLE 3 B
1 L 3
B 1
L
A D A
3
1
2 A 2
2
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ISOMETRIC VIEW: PENTAGON/HEXAGON
4
PENTAGON H E
1 E 1
4 D 4
D
E
A D A D L
L 1 3
3 A C
C
2 3 B B
B C 2 2
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ISOMETRIC VIEW: CIRCLE
B
2
C
4
A B
3 4
3
A
1
D C
D
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ISOMETRIC VIEW: IRREGULAR SHAPE
1. Non-isometric line can be located by its end points.
2. Similarly, an angle in orthographic view is never seen in its isometric.
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ISOMETRIC VIEW
50
O
X Y
20
25
O 25 20
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ISOMETRIC VIEW
FRONT VIEW L.H.SIDE VIEW
20
20
20
x y
O 50
20
30
20 20 20
O TOP VIEW
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ISOMETRIC VIEW
30 SQUARE
10 40 20
50
20
10
O 30
60
F.V.
S.V.
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ISOMETRIC VIEW
FV
40
10
O
30 D 45
10
50
80
O
TV
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ISOMETRIC VIEW
10
25 15
25
40 10
25
25
O
80 25
F.V. S.V.
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ISOMETRIC VIEW
450
30
FV
40
X Y
O
30 D
40 TV
15
40
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ISOMETRIC VIEW
HEX PART
30
20
20
40
20
50
20
15
O O 30
100 60
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ISOMETRIC VIEW
30 20 10 20
15
10
15
15
30
15
X O Y
50
O LEFT S.V.
F.V.
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See you in Next Video Lecture !!!
Reference:
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