Reinforcement Learning
Understanding How Machines Learn
from Reward and Punishment
Introduction to Reinforcement Learning
• Reinforcement Learning (RL) is a type of
machine learning where an agent learns by
interacting with its environment.
• It uses a system of 'reward and punishment' to
determine optimal actions.
• RL is commonly used in search engines,
robotics, and online gaming.
How Reinforcement Learning Works
Key Components:
• Agent: The learner or decision-maker.
• Environment: The world in which the agent
operates.
• Actions: Possible moves the agent can take.
• Rewards: Feedback from the environment (positive
or negative).
• Policy: Strategy the agent follows to choose actions.
Types of
Reinforcement
Learning Algorithms
• Model-free vs. Model-
based RL
• Q-learning: Uses a Q-
table to store action
values.
• Deep Q Networks (DQN):
Uses deep learning to
estimate Q-values.
• Policy Gradients: Directly
optimizes policy
functions.
Applications of Reinforcement Learning
• Search Engines: Optimizing user search
results.
• Online Games: AI agents playing at human
level skill (e.g., AlphaGo, OpenAI Five).
• Robotics: Training robots to perform complex
tasks.
• Self-Driving Cars: Learning to navigate roads
safely.
Challenges in Reinforcement Learning
• Exploration vs. Exploitation: Balancing trying
new actions vs. using known rewards.
• Sample Efficiency: RL often needs a lot of data
to learn.
• Reward Shaping: Designing good reward
functions to guide learning effectively.
Future of Reinforcement Learning
• AI-driven Decision Making: More advanced AI
applications.
• Combination with Deep Learning: Better
generalization and adaptability.
• Human-AI Collaboration: RL helping in areas
like healthcare and finance.