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Seminar
On
Computer
Fundamentals
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Table of Contents
1. Introduction
2. Fundamentals of Computer
• Functionalities of Computer
• Generations of Computer
3. Types of Computer
4. Advantages of Computer
5. Disadvantages of Computer
6. Conclusion
Introduction
A computer is an electronic device that accepts
data/inputs from its user and processes it into useful
information as per the processing instructions to
generate the output.
Fundamental of Computer
As per our basic knowledge, an electronic device that
accepts input/data and processes it into valuable
information i.e. output is named a Computer.
Functionalities of Computer
any digital computer performs the following five
operations:
• Step 1 − Accepts data as input
• Step 2 − Saves the data/instructions in its memory
and utilizes them as and when required.
• Step 3 − Execute the data and convert it into useful
information.
• Step 4 − Provides the output.
• Step 5 − Have control over all the above four steps
Generations of Computer
• There exist 5 computer generations till date
Generation Period Technology
1st generation 1946-1959 Vacuum tube-based
2nd generation 1959-1965 Transistor-based
3rd generation 1965-1971
Integrated Circuit based
4th generation 1971-1980 VLSI microprocessor-
based
5th generation 1980-onwards ULSI microprocessor-
based
Types of computers
1. PC/Personal Computer
2. Workstation
3. Mini Computer
4. Main Frame
5. Supercomputer
PC/Personal Computer
These are single-user computer systems that have
small, relatively reasonable computers designed for
individual users.
Workstation
• Regularly a single user system is named a
workstation.
• Workstations usually come with a high-resolution
graphics screen, inbuilt network support, a large
amount of RAM, and a graphical user interface.
Mini Computer
These come under multiple user computer systems
that are capable of holding hundreds of users
simultaneously.
Main Frame
• Mainframe computers are also multi-user computer
systems, capable of supporting hundreds of users
simultaneously;
• Software technology is different from
minicomputers.
Supercomputer
• These are extremely fast computers, which can
execute hundreds of millions of instructions per
second.
• Supercomputers are mostly used in scientific and
engineering operations where processing is
difficult.
Advantages of Computer
High Speed:
The computer is a very fast device.
It can perform the calculation of a very huge
amount of data.
The computer has units of speed in a microsecond,
nanosecond, and even the picosecond.
Advantages of Computer
Accuracy:
In addition to being very fast, computers are very
accurate.
The calculations are 100% error-free.
Computers perform all jobs with 100% accuracy
provided that the input is correct.
Advantages of Computer
Storage Capability:
Memory is a very important characteristic of
computers.
A computer has much more storage capacity than
human beings.
It can store a large amount of data.
Disadvantages of Computer
No I.Q:
A computer is a machine that has no intelligence to
perform any task.
Dependency:
It works according to the user’s instruction, thus it
is entirely dependent on humans.
Disadvantages of Computer
No Feelings
Computers have no feelings or emotions.
It is not smart enough to make a judgment based
on experience, feeling, taste, and knowledge just
like humans.
Conclusion
computer fundamentals form the backbone of understanding
how modern technology operates. By grasping the basic
concepts of hardware, software, data processing, and
networking, we lay a solid foundation for further exploration
in the field of computing. This knowledge is essential for
anyone looking to navigate and succeed in our increasingly
digital world.
References
• Wikipedia.org
• Google.com
• Seminarppt.com
• Studymafia.org
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