DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING

MINI PROJECT(2024-2025)
TITLE OF PROJECT
a machine learning model for air quality prediction for smart cities

REVIEW - 1

SUPERVISED BY PRESENTED BY
Faculty Name : Mr.Pandu Ranga Reddy
Designation :assistant professor 1. G.shamanth 22E11A0589
2. M.vinay 22E11A0598
3. M.Madhu 22E11A0599
4. M.Naveen 22E11A05A0
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AGENDA

• ABSTRACT
• INTRODUCTION
• JUSTIFICATION OF TITLE
• REFRENCES

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 ABSTRACT
•Objective: Develop a machine learning-based model to predict air quality levels in smart cities
to help urban planners and residents make informed decisions.

•Data Collection: The model utilizes real-time data from sensors deployed in various locations
across the city, including parameters such as temperature, humidity, pollutant levels (PM2.5,
NO2, CO), traffic density, and weather conditions.

•Preprocessing: The data undergoes cleaning and normalization to handle missing values,
outliers, and inconsistencies, ensuring the quality of input features for model training.

•Model Selection: Different machine learning algorithms, such as Random Forest, Support
Vector Machine (SVM), and Deep Learning techniques like Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM)
networks, are evaluated for their predictive accuracy.

•Training & Evaluation: The model is trained using historical air quality data and evaluated
using performance metrics like Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE),
and R² to measure prediction accuracy.

•Real-Time Prediction: The model is deployed for real-time air quality forecasting, allowing for
prediction of future air pollution levels at specific locations within the city.
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 INTRODUCTION
•Urbanization & Air Quality: Rapid urbanization in modern cities has led to an increase in pollution
levels, significantly impacting public health, quality of life, and the environment.
•Air Quality Monitoring: Traditional methods of air quality monitoring often rely on limited stationary
sensors, which may not capture the full dynamics of pollution across the entire city.
•Role of Smart Cities: Smart cities leverage technology and data-driven solutions to improve
sustainability, including monitoring environmental parameters such as air quality in real time.
•Need for Predictive Models: With the growing complexity of urban environments, accurate
forecasting of air quality is crucial for urban planning, timely interventions, and mitigating health risks
related to air pollution.
•Machine Learning Advantage: Machine learning models can process vast amounts of data from
various sources, such as IoT sensors, meteorological data, traffic patterns, and historical air quality
records, to predict pollution levels more accurately.
•Focus on Prediction: Predictive models can anticipate air quality variations, enabling early warnings
of poor air quality, helping authorities take preemptive measures, and allowing residents to adjust their
activities accordingly.
•Multi-Source Data Integration: By integrating data from various sensors (e.g., PM2.5, CO2, NO2
levels, weather data, and traffic flow), machine learning algorithms can identify complex patterns and
correlations that traditional models may overlook.

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Justification of Title

• The title "A Machine Learning Model for Air Quality Prediction for Smart
Cities" is justified as it reflects the use of machine learning algorithms to
predict air quality levels based on environmental data. It focuses on key
pollutants like PM2.5, PM10, NO2, and CO, essential for assessing urban
air quality. The mention of smart cities highlights integration with
modern infrastructures for real-time monitoring and automated alerts.
This approach supports proactive pollution control and sustainable urban
development. Overall, the title effectively conveys the project's objective
and application context.
 OBJECTIVE AND SCOPE OF THE
PROJECT
1. Predict the Air Quality Index (AQI) using key
pollutants and environmental factors.
2. Provide real-time, data-driven insights to help in
environmental monitoring.
3. Build a machine learning model that can learn
patterns and forecast AQI accurately.
4. Collect or simulate air quality data (e.g., PM2.5,
PM10, NO2, CO, O3, Temperature, Humidity).
5. Use data preprocessing and feature scaling to
prepare the input for modeling.
6. Train a regression model (like Random Forest) to
predict AQI values.

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 BASIC CONCEPT

1.Objective: Predict air quality levels (like AQI)

using machine learning to support smart city
environmental planning.
2.AQI Meaning: Air Quality Index (AQI) indicates
pollution levels based on pollutants like PM2.5,
PM10, CO, NO2, etc.
3.Data Sources: Real-time and historical data from
sensors, APIs (e.g., OpenAQ), weather data, and
government portals
4.Features Used: Pollutant levels, temperature,
humidity, wind speed, time of day, etc.
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 ANALYSIS AND EXPLANATION OF THE IDENTIFIED
PROBLEM

1.Rising Air Pollution: Rapid urbanization has led to

increased levels of harmful pollutants affecting
public health.
2.Lack of Prediction Systems: Most existing systems
only report current AQI, not future or real-time
predictions.
3.Limited Monitoring Coverage: Traditional
monitoring stations are expensive and cannot
cover all city areas.
4. Need for Smart Solutions: Smart cities require
intelligent systems that provide localized,
predictive
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air quality data.
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
LITERATURE REVIEW RELATED TO PERTICULAR
PROBLEM
A Literature Review on Prediction of Air Quality Index and
Forecasting Ambient Air Pollutants using Machine Learning
Algorithms

Abstract:- Day by day the air pollution becomes serious concern in India as well as in
overall world. Proper or accurate prediction or forecast of Air Quality or the
concentration level of other Ambient air pollutants such as Sulfur Dioxide, Nitrogen
Dioxide, Carbon Monoxide, Particulate Matter having diameter less than 10µ,
Particulate Matter having diameter less than 2.5µ, Ozone, etc. is very important
because impact of these factors on human health becomes severe. This literature
review focuses on the various techniques used for prediction or modelling of Air
Quality Index (AQI) and forecasting of future concentration levels of pollutants that
may cause the air pollution so that governing bodies can take the actions to reduce
the pollution.

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DATA COLLECTION:

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METHODOLOGY

.CLASS DIAGRAM

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Data flow diagram
USE CASE DIAGRAM
HARDWARE SPECIFICATIONS

CPU: Intel i7 or AMD Ryzen 7 (multi-core, high clock speed)RAM: 16 GB

minimum (32 GB recommended for large datasets)GPU: NVIDIA GTX
1660 or better (e.g., RTX 3060) if using deep learningStorage: SSD (512
GB or higher for faster data access)

SOFTWARE SPECIFICATIONS

Language: PythonEnvironment: Jupyter Notebook / VS Code /

AnacondaLibraries:pandas, numpy – for data manipulationmatplotlib,
seaborn – for visualizationscikit-learn – for traditional ML models (Linear
Regression, Random Forest, etc.)xgboost or lightgbm – for gradient
boostingtensorflow / keras / pytorch – if using deep learningjoblib or
pickle – for saving models
REFERENCES

 CHATGPT, GEMINI from(google),

GIT HUB SERVERS etc….

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