HAJJ

(PILGRIMAGE)
1. What: Give its literal meaning and then religious terminology.

 To resolve or to intend. In Religious terminology it is a devotional exercise

performed during the month of Zul Hajj as guided by the Holy Prophet.
 It is the 5th pillar of Islam.
2. On Whom:
It is obligatory on rich (This includes having enough money
to travel to and from Mecca, and to support their family
while they are away.) and physically sound people, to perform
Hajj at least once in life, with sincerity and devotion.
3. When: Add Year of obligation and month if know.
In 9th year of hijrat as said in Al Imran: 97. (Pilgrimage to the
House is a duty owed to Allah by all who can make their
way
to it.)
 3:97(Al Imran) Hajj is the duty men owe to Allah.
 2:195 (Al Baqara) when you decide to perform Hajj or Umra
 fulfill it to please Allah.
 3:56 (Al Imran) the first house of worship is in Makka.
Ifrad (Hajj Only) Ifrad means to isolate, its pilgrim is called
mufrid.
Mufrid performs Hajj only
He wears one Ihram,
He performs sa’ee with Tawaf e ziarat\ifadah
He does not perform sacrifice on 10th of zil hajj
as he is considered as musafir
To be a musafir, one must not have performed
in shawwal, zil Qaadah and zil Hajj.
Qiran (`Umrah Merged with Hajj)
Qiran means to conjoin, its pilgrim is called
Qarin
Qarin offers Hajj and Umrah both
He wears one Ihram, which means after
Umrah he does not remove Ihram until he
performs Hajj
He offers sa’ee once with tawaf e qudum or
tawaf e ziarat\ifadah , he may offer sa’ee twice
He sacrifices an animal on the 10th of Zil Hajj
Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) was qarin on his
Hajj
Tamatu` (`Umarah Followed with Hajj)

Tamattu means to ease, its pilgrim is

called Mutamattay
Mutamattay performs Hajj and Umra both
He wears two Ihram, one for Umrah and
one for Hajj
He offers sa’ee twice, one with tawaf e
qudum and one with tawaf e ziarat\ifadah
He sacrifices an animal on the 10th of Zil
Hajj
 People who are exempted from Hajj

Physical incapacity
People who are too weak or sick to perform the pilgrimage are
exempt. This includes people who have recently had surgery or broken a
bone.

Financial inability
People who don't have enough money to pay for the trip are exempt.
This includes the cost of travel, food, lodging, and other expenses.

Debt
People who are in debt are exempt until they have paid off their debt.

Mahram refusal
If a Muslim woman has enough money to perform Hajj but her Mahram
relatives refuse to accompany her, she is exempt.
 What is ihram clothing
Ihram clothing is a white, seamless,
two-piece garment worn by Muslim
pilgrims during the Hajj and Umrah
pilgrimages.
Men's Ihram clothing
Consists of two white, unstitched sheets
The bottom sheet, called the izar, is wrapped around the
waist
The top sheet, called the rida, is draped over the shoulder
and torso
The right shoulder is exposed during the tawaf
No underwear, socks, or other clothing is worn
Sandals or shoes that reveal the ankles and toes are worn
The head is not covered

Women's Ihram clothing

Consists of two white, unstitched sheets
The entire body is concealed, except for the face and hands
Long robes are traditionally worn
 Restrictions in Ihram
During the state of Ihram, there are many restrictions,
including:
Clothing: Men cannot wear shoes, socks, or sewn garments. Women cannot wear tight-fitting
clothing, gloves, or niqab.

Hair and nails: Men and women cannot cut their hair or nails.

Perfume and makeup: Men and women cannot wear perfume or makeup.

Sexual activity: Men and women cannot engage in sexual activity, or touch their partner
with desire.

Smoking and swearing: Men and women cannot smoke or swear.

Killing animals: Men and women cannot chase or kill insects or animals.

Fighting and backbiting: Men and women cannot fight or backbite.

Covering the face: Women cannot wear a burqa that covers their face, but they should wear
a hijab loosely.

Covering the hands and face during prayer: Women should not cover their hands and
face during prayer.
 TYPES OF TAWAF
Tawaf is the circumambulation of Ka'bah seven times in an anticlockwise
direction. It is offered during Umrah, Hajj, or during regular visits of Masjid-e-
Haram. It is to exhibit the unity among Muslim Ummah in worshipping of one
God. Tawaf is of different types.
(TAWAF-E-QUDM): It is the 1" Tawaf of Hajj. It is offered by Mutammattay
and Qarin. It is offered on the 8th of Dhil Hajj or before. It is offered in the
state of Ihram. It includes Sa'i.

(TAWAF-E-ZIARAT): It is the second Tawaf of Hajj. It is offered by Mutammattay,

Qarin and Mufrid. It is offered between the 10th and 12th of Dhil Hajj. It is Afzal to
offer it on the 10th of Dhil Hajj. It is offered in a regular dress code. It includes Sa 'i.
It is also called Tawaf-e-Ifadah. It is mandatory Tawaf for Hajj and without this Tawaf,
Hajj gets cancelled.

(TAWAF-E-WIDA): It is the last tawaf of Hajj. It is offered by Mutammattay, Qarin

and Mufrid. It is offered before leaving Makkah for Madinah or home. It is offered in
a regular dress code. It does not include Sai. It is compulsory to offer. If it is
missed, a penalty (Dam) must be given.
 CONDITIONS OF TAWAF
Each Tawaf must include seven circuits.
Pilgrims must be in the state of Wudhu for Tawaf.
Hazrat Aisha (RZ) narrated that when the Prophet wanted to do Tawaf, he
performed Wudhu.
Pilgrims must intend (do Niyah) before doing Tawaf.
Male pilgrims do Iztiba before Tawaf i.e. revealing the right shoulder if they are in
the state of ihram.
The circle begins from the black stone by offering Istalam... For Istalam, pilgrims
need to kiss the stone or touch the stone or touch the stone with something or hold
up their hands to the black stone and kiss the black stone in imagination saying,
Allahu Akbar.
They do Istalam each time they reach the black stone. For men, it is recommended
to walk briskly in the first three rounds.
During Tawaf, it is recommended not to look at Kabah.
Pilgrims are not allowed to recite Talbiyah during Tawaf.
They recite supplications from the Quran and Sunnah, verses of the Quran, basic
creed, etc.
After seven rounds pilgrims supplicate at Multazim and offer Nawafil at Muqam-e-
Ibrahim.
 Method of Hajj
For Haj, once should rach Makkah by the 8th of Zil Hajj.

Ihram: One should put off his ordinary clothes and put n Ihram, after a proper bath, intentions and
then perform two rakah nafal prayer.(Dress code in state of Ihram; for women, should cover their full
satr while for men, two un-sewn sheets of white cotton cloth along with all other rules and laws of
Hajj) Talbiah is recited after Niyat, in a fairly loud voice.

One cannot enter Meqat without being in state of Ihram with the intention of Hajj. On
reaching Makkah tawaf is offered called Tawaf e Qudam, followed by sayi.

Tawaf: Going round the Kaaba seven times anti clockwise. AL Hajj: 29, Al Imran: 56

Maqam-e-Ibrahim: 2 Rakah Nafl for Tawaf should be offered here. Then ZamZam is drunk.
Sayi: Running between Safa and Marwa, seven times as to fillful the sunanh of Hazrat
Hajra
8th Zil Hajj
On 8th of Zil Hajj, Muslims should reach Minah after Tawaf and Sayi which is four
miles east to Makkah, and should go on reciting Talbiya and Astaghfar along with
other supplications. In Mina they stay in tents.

9th Zil Hajj ; Waquf-e-Arafat:

It is the first compulsory act of Haj.
On 9th, after Fajr prayer as sun rises, Muslims should move towards Araft and reach
there by Zuher, where they should remain standing, facing Kabah, reciting Talbiya,
Kalima, Tasbeeh etc .Sermon is delivered, Zohr and Asar prayers are performed
together at Namra. After sunset, Pilgrims move towards Muzdalifa where Maghrib
and Isha prayers are to be offered together.
10th Zil Hajj ; Mina:

On 10th after Fajr, one should leave Muzdalifa for Mina and perform Rami. After
Rami of Jamarat Uqba, Talbiya is stopped. Now one is out of Ihram.
After Rami one must sacrifice an animal. The male pilgrim must get there head
shaved, or shortened, while the female pilgrim should cut a lock of there hair.
Now one may switch the Ihram for ordinary clothing.
After the sacrifice, one must proceed to Makkah to perform Tawaf-e-Ziyara. It is
the second important part of Haj and without it, Haj is void. After Tawafe-Ziyrat,
one must to return to Mina to spend the night.

11th and 12th

Rami should be performed, which is stoning to all the three jumrats ;
Jmrat ul Sughra, Jmrat ul Wusta and Jmrat ul Uqba.
On return to Makkah, one should perform a Tawaf-e-Wida (No sayi).
One must now visit Madina. This marks the completion of Hajj.
 Waquf-e-Arafat
Rituals of Hajj
 Hajj is not accepted unless one has been there
 Sins committed until this time, are forgiven
 Listen to khutbah (sermon), pray, supplicate and reflect
 Prophet received his last revelation here
 Also gave his last khutbah (sermon)
 Summarizing Islam, reiterating ideals
 According to tradition Adam and Eve were reunited here
 The plan of Arafat is where we stay during Hajj outside Makkah.
 It has historical importance, such as being the place where the Prophet (S.A.W.W) delivered his
last sermon. 5:3
 The assembly at Arafat is the most important of Hajj.
 The best of wuquf is to remain standing, facing the qiblah and reciting talbiah, istigfar, kalimah
e tauheed and prayers.
 Origin Of Rami (The Stoning Of The Devil)

The act of throwing stones at the Jamarat (3 pillars, Jamarat al Uqbah, Jamarat al Wusta and
Jamarat al Sughrah) is known as Rami. The ritual of Rami is symbolic of the actions of
Ibrahim (AS) when he was faced with the trial of having to sacrifice his son, Isma’il (AS) upon
the commandment of Allah (SWT).
How To Perform The Rami (The Stoning Of The Devil)

On the 10th, 11th, and 12th day of Dhul Hijjah, you will perform Rami (the stoning of the
devil). The size of the pebbles should be similar to the size of date stones or seeds. You
will need a total of 49 pebbles from Muzdalifah on 9th Zil Hajj.

You’ll need a certain number of pebbles for each of the three days. The breakdown
is as follows:

7 pebbles for the 10th of Dhul Hijjah (only Jamarat al Uqbah )

21 pebbles for the 11th of Dhul Hijjah (all three Jamarat)
21 pebbles for the 12th of Dhul Hijjah (all three Jamarat)

Once you reach the Jamarat, you will head to Jamarat al-Aqaba, which is the largest pillar,
and here you will throw the first seven pebbles at the concrete pillar. You will only pelt this
one pillar on the first day.
Upon each throw, you’ll say the takbir:
‫َأْك‬
 Safa Marwa and Sa‘ee
Sa'ee is a ritual in the Hajj and Umrah pilgrimages that involves walking between
the hills of Safa and Marwa. The word "Sa'ee" comes from the Arabic word sa'a,
which means "to strive" or "to walk".
"Verily! The As- Safa and Al-Marwa (two mountains at Mecca) are among the
symbols of Allah." (2:158)
What is Sa'ee?
Sa'ee is a compulsory ritual in the Hajj and Umrah pilgrimages
It is performed after completing the Tawaf and its prayers
The ritual involves walking back and forth between the hills of Safa and Marwa
seven times
Sa'ee commemorates Hazrat Hajara's search for water for her son Isma’il (A.S)

How is Sa'ee performed?

Pilgrims start at Safa and finish at Marwa
The walkways between the hills are called the Mas'aa
The Mas'aa is air-conditioned and has water from the Zamzam Well
It is recommended to perform Sa'ee while in the state of wudu
Pilgrims praise Allah and make dua at Safa
 Ka'bah
It was built by Hazrat Adam (A.S). Later it was reconstructed by H. Ibrahim (A.S) & H. Ismail
(A.S).
It was rebuilt in the lifetime of Prophet Mohamad (PBUH) when Prophet Mohammad was 35.
It is regarded as the most sacred house of Allah by all Muslims and It is the first sanctuary
where Allah was worshipped.
The responsibility of its protection has been taken by Allah.
When Abraha attempted to destroy Ka'bah, Allah protected Ka'bah by sending forces of
small birds.
the focus of all Muslims from all parts of the world as Qiblah.
It is The Quran states: "We see the turning of thy face (for guidance to the
heavens: now Shall We turn thee to a Qiblah that shall please thee. Turn then
Thy face in the direction of the sacred Mosque: Wherever ye are, turn your faces
in that direction." (2:144) Al-Baqarah
It is the first point where most of the Muslim pilgrims intend to go first during Hajj or
Umrah.
On the wall of Ka'bah, there is a heavenly stone called Hajr al-Aswad, the black stone.
It was descended from the heavens by Allah and given to Hazrat Ibrahim (A.S).
During the visits of Muslims at Masjid-e-Haram, Muslims kiss this stone on the wall of
Kabah.
Muslims circumambulate around the Ka'bah 07 times during Hajj and Umrah.
They also do volunteer Tawafs of Kabah to earn God's pleasure.
For major pilgrimage (Hajj), the pilgrims visit Ka'bah at least thrice for Tawaf-e-Qudm,
 Eid-ul-Adha, Udhiya, and Yaum-ul-Nahr

Eid-ul-Adha, Udhiya, and Yaum-ul-Nahr are all related to Islamic observances.

•Eid-ul-Adha: A festival of sacrifice that takes place during the 12th month of the
Islamic calendar
•Udhiya: The sacrificial slaughter of an animal that takes place during Eid-ul-Adha
•Yaum-ul-Nahr: The name for Eid-ul-Adha's first day, which is also known as the Day
of Slaughter
People take a shower or bath, wear nice clothes, and apply perfume
People eat after the Eid prayer
People walk to the mosque for the Eid prayer
People sacrifice an animal, such as a sheep, goat, or cow
People distribute the meat to the poor, relatives, and friends
People keep some of the meat for their household
Why do people perform Udhiya?
To follow the example of the Prophet Ibrahim and To please Allah.
The Prophet Muhammad said that the tradition of Eid-ul-Adha comes from Abraham
God commanded Abraham to sacrifice his son, Ismail, in a dream vision
 METHOD OF UMRAH

Umrah is a pilgrimage to Makkah that can be made at any time of

the year.
It is a voluntary form of worship which Muslims perform to earn
God's pleasure.
The Quran states: "And complete the hajj or Umrah in the service
of God." (2:196) Al-Baqarah
Muslims can offer several Umrah in their life or during their visit to
Makkah.
Many Muslims try to offer Umrah during Ramadhan.
This is because it is reported that Umrah in Ramadhan is
equivalent to the blessings of Hajj. Umrah has several important
rituals associated with it.
They include Niyah, Ihram, Talbiyah, Tawaf, Sa'i, Rami and
Halq/Qasr.
 BENEFITS OF HAJJ
(BENEFITS FOR THE GIVER AND TAKER):
It fulfilis ones obligation as paying Hajj is an obligatory duty for fit and rich believers.
The Quran states: "...Performance of Hajj (pilgrimage) to this House is a duty to Allah for all
who can afford the journey to..." (3:97)
It washes ones sins and causes the pleasure of Allah.
The Prophet (PBUH) said: "Whoever performs Hajj and does not commit any obscenity or
commit
any evil will go back (free of) sin as on the day his mother bore him." (Bukhari)
It is a life training program to learn how to spend a life in obedience to Allah.
It encourages one to make a fresh start to spend a sin-free life
Ihram and its restrictions help one to learn self-control and develop patience.
The Quran states: "So, whosoever intends to perform Hajj therein (by assuming Ihram),
then he should not have sexual relations (with his wife), nor commit sin, nor dispute
unjustly during the Hajj. And whatever good you do, (be sure) Allah knows it." Al-Baqarah
(2:197)
The simple dress develops modesty, decency, and humility in ones character. A two-piece
dress reminds one about ones final journey and mortality.
Tablivah reminds one of his submission to Allah.
Talbiyah also reminds one that he is the servant of Allah.
Talbivah strengthens one's belief in Allah and His singularity and motivates one to avoid
Shirk,