A COMPARISON BETWEEN
AGRICULTURE OF TWO
INDIAN STATES
A presentation by: Garv Tyagi and Gouransh Nagar
ARUNACHAL PRADESH:
AN INTRODUCTION
Arunachal Pradesh also called orchid state of India,
dawn-lit of mountain, lies in northeast India. The
state is the largest of the North-Eastern states,
spread over an area of 83,743 km2 (32,333 sq mi).
The state shares an international border, 160 km
(99 mi) long with Bhutan in the west while a 1,030
km (640 mi) long border separates the state from
China in the north. A 440 km (270 mi) long border
exists between Arunachal Pradesh and Burma in the
east.
UTTAR PRADESH: AN
INTRODUCTION
Uttar Pradesh is India's fourth-largest and most
populous state. Located in the north-central part of
the country. It spreads over a large area, and the
plains of the state are quite distinctly different from
the high mountains in the north. The climate of this
state can also vary widely - primarily due to it being
far from the moderating effect of the sea and the
occasional cold air arising due to western
disturbances. It shares an international border with
Nepal to the north.
ARUNACHAL
PRADESH: CLIMATE
Due to the topographical diversity, the climate in
Arunachal Pradesh ranges from sub-tropical to
temperate depending upon the altitude. The regions in
the lower belts of the state experience hot and humid
climates, with a maximum temperature in the foothills
reaching up to 40 °C (during the summer). The
average temperature in this region in winter ranges
from 15° to 21 °C while that during the monsoon
season remains between 22° and 30 °C.
The areas around the middle
belt of Arunachal Pradesh are relatively cooler. The
middle belt in Arunachal Pradesh experiences micro
thermal climate. Moreover, Arunachal Pradesh
possesses an alpine climate in the higher altitudes of
the state. The higher regions of Arunachal Pradesh
witness snowfall during winter. The snowfall draws
large number of tourists to the state from across the
world.
Arunachal Pradesh experiences
heavy rainfall during May to September. The average
rainfall recorded in Arunachal Pradesh is 300
centimeters, varying between 80 centimeters and 450
centimeters.
UTTAR
PRADESH:
CLIMATE
Uttar Pradesh has a humid subtropical
climate and experiences four seasons. The
winter in January and February is followed
by summer between March and May and the
monsoon season between June and
September. Summers are extreme with
temperatures fluctuating anywhere between
0 °C and 50 °C in parts of the state coupled
with dry hot winds called the Loo.
The Gangetic
plain varies from semiarid to sub-humid. The
mean annual rainfall ranges from 650 mm in
the southwest corner of the state to 1000
mm in the eastern and southeastern parts
of the state. Primarily a summer
phenomenon, the Bay of Bengal branch of
the Indian monsoon is the major bearer of
rain in most parts of state.
After
summer it is the south-west monsoon which
brings most of the rain here, while in winters
rain due to the western disturbances and
north-east monsoon also contribute small
quantities towards the overall precipitation
of the state.
ARUNACHAL PRADESH:
AGRICULTURE AND
FOOD
Arunachal Pradesh is known for using the traditional system of
cultivation i.e., primitive subsistence farming. The subsistence
system is an indigenous practice which uses the ‘cut and burn’
technique. Jhum cultivation and terrace farming are two major
forms of farming practices commonly used by the farmers in
Arunachal Pradesh. In Jhum cultivation, lands are composed by
cutting down or burning the unwanted cultivation. Once the crops
are grown and harvested, the farmers burn the land. They then
move to a clear patch of land for a new batch of cultivation and as
a result, the land gains back its fertility, naturally.
While most
tribes practice subsistence and shifting cultivation, the Apatanis
practice follow a distinctive system of Canal irrigation of paddy
cum agriculture with an intricate network of canals and channels
laid across the entire fields. Mostly traditional tools like khurpis
and sickles are used.
The topography and agro-
climatic of the state are virtuous for the cultivation of Rice, Millet,
Wheat, Pulses, Sugar cane and Potatoes. The state also produces
tropical and sub-tropical fruits such as Apple, Pineapple, Orange,
Pear, Plums, and Chestnut etc. Aromatic and Medicinal plants like
ginger, cardamom, bamboo, spices and mushroom etc. are also
produced in ample amount thus, also promoting Horticulture.
UTTAR PRADESH:
AGRICULTURE AND FOOD
The economy of Uttar Pradesh is based mainly on
Agriculture and round 65 % of the total population is
dependent on Agriculture. Contribution of agriculture
sector is significant in Economic development of the
state. This is partly due to the fertile regions of the
Indo-Gangetic plain and partly due to irrigation
facilities such as canals and tube-wells. It has been the
most common producer of food grains in India since
the 1950s, due to high-yielding varieties of seed,
greater availability of fertilizers and increased use of
irrigation.
Western
Uttar Pradesh is more advanced in terms of agriculture
as compared to the other regions in the state. Most of
the state's population depends upon farming activities.
Wheat, rice, pulses, oilseeds and potatoes are major
agricultural products. Sugarcane is the most important
cash crop throughout the state.
Uttar Pradesh is one of the most
important states in India as far as horticulture is
concerned. Mangoes are also produced in the state.
Uttar Pradesh supports about 15% of India's total
livestock population. In 1961, its livestock comprised
15% cattle, 21% buffaloes, 13% goats, and 8% other
livestock.
THANKS !
