CHAPTER
4
LAND
TRANSPORTATION
Learning Objectives:
• Differentiate the various forms of land transportation
• Explain the advantages and disadvantages of the different land
transportation
• Identify the land transportation policies
• Discuss the brief history of road-based transportation and rail passenger
service in the Philippines
• Describe the forms of road-based passenger transport
• Identify the categories of road-based and rail passenger service
• Identify the major rail transportation
• Name some of the trends in road-based and rail transportation
Land Transportation in
Tourism Land
transport
Road Rail
transport transport
Safari/recreation services Scheduled rail Tourist trains
Scheduled/regular bus
Mobile caravans services Luxury trains
Intercity
RV’s High speed trains Heritage rail
City/urban services
Safari vehicle services Express trains service
Local services
Passenger trains
Commuter services
Car-carrying trains
Automobiles Airport services
Car rentals Coach services
Taxi services Charter services
Personal cars Hop-on hop off
Limousine Vintage buses
services Rental coaches
Advantages and Disadvantage of
Land Transportation
Advantages Disadvantages
Automobile • Routing is flexible It requires: parking space
• Baggage or luggage handling can be free of stress toll fees
maintenance expenses
fuel cost
driving by car can be tiring
Rail • Fare can be inexpensive Routing is not flexible
• It is quite stress free
• There is an opportunity for scenic viewing There is a minimal space for
• There is a specious legroom storing luggage
• There is a strategic rail station location
Historical Development of Land
Transportation
17TH Century Blaise Pascal recognized the need for passenger transport as the majority of the population could
not afford their carriages. He invented the first vehicle that resembled a bus in a form of horse-
drawn capable of carrying eight passengers
1662 Pascal, together with Marquis de Crenan and Duke de Roannez, founded a transport company
utilizing their seven carriages. They had a regular service and Paris
End of 17th Century Similar horse-drawn coach transport was being utilized in Paris, London and Berlin
1826 The first coach line was founded in Nantes, France
1827 USA followed, and it was operated by Abraham Brower along Broadway in New York City
1828 General des voitures dites was founded by Baundry and its operation was within Paris
1886 Karl Benz introduced the gasoline-powered automobile in Mannheim Germany
1898 It was when the first motorized omnibus was used for tourism
19th Century Europe and North America utilized motorized buses
20th Century Technologically advanced automobile was introduced in the market
Road based Tourist transport
Automobiles are defined as four wheeled vehicles used
for passenger transportation.
Historically, automobiles were converted motor carriers
utilized to transport people and goods after the World
War.
Public passengers find land transportation appealing for
the following reasons according to Goeldner et al.
(2009):
Car Rentals
• In tourism, car rentals also known as car hire, and rents-
car, plays a significant part in providing leisure travel to
tourists.
• They offer their services to major tourism suppliers in the
industry such as airlines, hotels, travel agencies an tour
operators.
• Thus, having a good relationship with these suppliers is
essential in the business.
This type of Land-based transport
is often considered due to the
following reasons (Mancin, 2013):
• It allows the tourists to get around the location easily
• It is the best way for tourists to experience the place
• It allows tourists to experience the place
• Tourists prefer driving while in vacation
• Tourists want to try out a car
• It allows tourists to save money
Here are some of the cars that
passengers can rent (Mancini, 2013) :
Subcompact or
economy
A very small car with s few
amenities, comfort, or options.
Usually, it is preferred by price-
sensitive customers.
Compact
A small car is quite bigger and
more comfortable than those
of subcompact cars.
Mid-size or Intermediate
Is a moderately small car that
can accommodate at least 3 to 4
people comfortably.
Full-sized or Standard
Is also termed as a “family car” which
can accommodate 3 to 4 or more
people with more room and with
ample amenities and trunk space.
Premium
Is a superior of full-sized car but not
as luxurious as the luxury or deluxe
category.
Luxury or deluxe
Is characterized as grand and
specious and gives more comfort,
also it can create a prestigious
image for its use.
Specialty
Cars like SUV’s, convertible, van,
minivans, jeeps, trucks, sport car
and exotic super luxury cars.
Motorcoaches
common term that refers to “bus” a
huge vehicle that can carry uotp 20
or more passengers.
Also referred to as “motor coach”
meaning it is “passenger road motor
vehicle designed to seat at least 24 or
more persons”
Types of bus services
Regular Service Occasional services
Special regular
services -charter bus
-urban transit industry
- inter-urban and rural - Scenic
bus transportation sightseeing
- Schools and employee transportation
bus transportation
-other ground passenger
transportation
Types of Bus Services According to
Gross and Klemmer (2014)
1. Regular Services - This type of bus services include inter-
urban and rural transportation and urban transit systems.
2. Special Regular Services - This type of bus services cater to
schools, employees, and other ground passenger transportation
(shuttle).
3. Occasional Services - This type of bus service offers charter
buses and scenic sightseeing transportation, which are commonly
sought transport services in the tourism industry (Gross &
Klemmer, 2014).
Tour coaches, motorcoaches, commuter
buses, school bus, double-decker buses,
trolleybuses, minibuses, articulated trams,
road trains, and midi buses are among the
selection of the buses that are available for
tourists to choose from based on their
purpose.
Motorcoach as an Attraction
There are motor coaches that are inviting,
attract tourists, and create a memorable
tour. Among these are:
Hop-on, Hop-off
(also known as "step on, step off")
This motorcoach gives it passenger liberty and opportunity
to explore the city by allowing them to get off the bus and
get on to another bus for a day or a certain period.
Vintage Buses
This type of coach gives a tourist a
memorable experience to be onboard the
restored transportation. An example of this is
the Red London Tour, an open-top vintage
bus tour
Double-decker Buses
This is a two-deck or two-story bus that is capable
to seat between 60-120 passengers. This is
commonly used in the United Kingdom, Europe,
and Asia. In the Philippines, there are few double-
decker buses available.
Rotel
It is also referred to as "rolling hotel" or "hotel on
wheels." It is a coach plus hotel in one. It consists
of a semi-private sleeping area. Passengers can
enjoy sightseeing in the morning in front of the
bus and can take a good rest at night in the rear
part of the bus (Salton, 2010)
Recreational Vehicles or RV
is a vehicle with a provision for a living area
that is used for traveling, camping, or
recreation. Itis also termed as a motorhome
or towable (trailers and truck campers)
(Dileep, 2019).
Cycling and Tourism Bicycle
is a non-motorized land-based transport. It
is also considered an alternative and
sustainable to way go around the city and
visit tourist attractions
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