PHYSICAL SCIENCE-
MENTORSHIP
BY: JONATHAN O. BARDE
1. The temperature at which a substance
changes from the liquid phase to the
gaseous phase is called as?
a. Evaporation
b. Condensation
c. Freezing
d. Deposition
TYPE OF PHASE CHANGES
There are a total of eight phase changes that can
occur.
1. Freezing occurs when a liquid changes to a
solid.
2. Melting occurs when a solid changes directly to
a liquid.
3. Sublimation occurs when a solid changes
directly to a gas.
4. Deposition occurs when a gas changes directly
to a solid.
5. Condensation is when a gas changes directly to
a liquid.
6. Vaporization happens when a liquid changes
directly to a gas.
7. Ionization occurs when a gas changes to
1. The temperature at which a substance
changes from the liquid phase to the
gaseous phase is called as?
a. Evaporation
b. Condensation
c. Freezing
d. Deposition
2. Which of the following illustrates a physical
change?
a. Butter melts
b. Milk turn sour
c. Iron nail rusts
d. Fruits ripen
2. Which of the following illustrates a physical
change?
a. Butter melts
b. Milk turn sour
c. Iron nail rusts
d. Fruits ripen
CHANGES IN MATTER
Physical Change Chemical Change
> Physical changes are
>Chemical changes occur
changes in which no bonds
are broken or formed. when bonds are broken
Changes of state and/or formed between
(changes from a solid to molecules or atoms.
a liquid or a gas and vice Change in temperature
versa) Light is given off
Separation of a mixture
Unexpected color change
Physical deformation
Bubbles are form
(cutting, denting,
Different smell and taste
stretching)
Making solutions (special
kinds of mixtures)
3. Of the states of matter, which has the
weakest intermolecular force of attraction?
a. Solid
b. Liquid
c. Gas
d. Plasma
3. Of the states of matter, which has the weakest
intermolecular force of attraction?
a. Solid
b. Liquid
c. Gas
d. Plasma
There are five known phases, or states, of matter:
solids, liquids, gases, plasma and Bose-Einstein
condensates. The main difference in the structures of
each state is in the densities of the particles.
Plasma is not a common state of matter here on Earth, but
may be the most common state of matter in the universe.
Plasma consists of highly charged particles with extremely
high kinetic energy.
BEC-Bose Einstein Condensate-extremely low
temperature, molecular motion comes very close to
stopping altogether. Since there is almost no kinetic energy
4. Which of these is malleable?
a. Gold
b. Glass
c. Chalk
d. Rubber
PROPERTIES OF METALS
Metals have these typical physical properties:
> Lustrous (shiny)
> Hard
> High density (are heavy for their size)
> High tensile strength (resist being stretched)
> High melting and boiling points
> Good conductors of heat and electricity
These properties make metals useful for many
purposes. For example:
Iron is used to make cars and bridges because it
is hard, with a high tensile strength
Copper is used to make electrical wiring
because it is a good conductor of electricity
4. Which of these is malleable?
a. Gold
b. Glass
c. Chalk
d. Rubber
5. When vapor condenses to a liquid, heat is?
a. Released
b. Absorbed
c. Transformed
d. Increased
5. When vapor condenses to a liquid, heat is?
a. Released
b. Absorbed
c. Transformed
d. Increased
* Condensation- is the process by which water
vapor in the air is changed into liquid water. As
condensation occurs and liquid water forms from
the vapor, the water molecules become organized
in a less random structure, which is less random
than in vapor, and heat is released into the
atmosphere as a result.
Compute the mass number, number of protons, electrons, neutrons and charge of the given Isotopes
Isotope Element Number Number Number Charge
Name of of of
Proton Electron Neutron
B-6 Boron 5 5 1 ?
N-? Nitrogen 7 ? 7 0
Mg-24 Magnesiu 12 10 ? ?
m
THE NUMBER OF PROTONS, NEUTRONS, AND ELECTRONS IN AN ATOM CAN BE DETERMINED FROM A SET OF SIMPLE RULES.
The number of protons in the nucleus of the atom
is equal to the atomic number (Z).
The number of electrons in a neutral atom is equal
to the number of protons.
The mass number of the atom (M) is equal to the
sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the
nucleus.
The number of neutrons is equal to the difference
between the mass number of the atom (M) and the
atomic number (Z).
Isotopes are atoms of an element with the normal
number of protons and electrons, but different
numbers of neutrons. Isotopes have the same
6. What is the number of Electron in Boron
isotope?
a. 5
b. 7
c. 9
d. 11
6. What is the number of Electron in Boron
isotope?
a. 5
b. 7
c. 9
d. 11
7. What is the charge of Boron?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 0
7. What is the charge of Boron?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 0
8. What is the mass number of Nitrogen?
a. 10
b. 12
c. 14
d. 16
8. What is the mass number of Nitrogen?
a. 10
b. 12
c. 14
d. 16
9. What is the number of electron in Nitrogen
isotope?
a. 7
b. 9
c. 11
d.13
9. What is the number of electron in Nitrogen
isotope?
a. 7
b. 9
c. 11
d.13
10. What is the number of neutrons in an
Isotope of Magnesium?
a.10
b. 12
c. 14
d. 16
10. What is the number of neutrons in an
Isotope of Magnesium?
a.10
b. 12
c. 14
d. 16
11. Oxygen gas inside a 1.5L gas tank has a
pressure of 0.95atm. Provided that the
temperature remains constant, how much
pressure is needed to reduce its volume by
½?
a. 1.9atm
b. 2.9atm
c. 3.9atm
d. 4.atm
11. Oxygen gas inside a 1.5L gas tank has a
pressure of 0.95atm. Provided that the
temperature remains constant, how much
pressure is needed to reduce its volume by
½?
a. 1.9atm
b. 2.9atm
c. 3.9atm
d. 4.atm
12. A scuba driver needs a diving tank in
order to provide breathing gas while he is
underwater. How much pressure is needed
for 6.00L of gas at 1.01 atmospheric pressure
to be compressed in a 3.00L cylinder?
a. 2.04atm
b. 2.02atm
c. 2.06atm
d. 2.08atm
12. A scuba driver needs a diving tank in
order to provide breathing gas while he is
underwater. How much pressure is needed
for 6.00L of gas at 1.01 atmospheric pressure
to be compressed in a 3.00L cylinder?
a. 2.04atm
b. 2.02atm
c. 2.06atm
d. 2.08atm
13. A sample of fluorine gas occupies a
volume of 500ml at 760 torr. Given that the
temperature remains the same, calculate the
pressure required to reduce its volume by
1/3?
a. 2280torr
b. 1280torr
c. 3280torr
d. 4280torr
13. A sample of fluorine gas occupies a
volume of 500ml at 760 torr. Given that the
temperature remains the same, calculate the
pressure required to reduce its volume by
1/3?
a. 2280torr
b. 1280torr
c. 3280torr
d. 4280torr
14. A cylinder with a movable piston contains
250cm3 air at 10C. If the pressure is kept
constant, at what temperature would you
expect the volume to be 150cm3?
a. 150K
b. 160K
c. 170K
d. 180K
14. A cylinder with a movable piston contains
250cm3 air at 10C. If the pressure is kept
constant, at what temperature would you
expect the volume to be 150cm3?
a. 150K
b. 160K
c. 170K
d. 180K
15. A tank contains 2.3L of helium gas at
25C. What will be the volume of tank after
heating it and its content to 40C temperature
at constant pressure?
a. 1.4L
b. 2.4L
c. 3.4L
d. 4.4L
15. A tank contains 2.3L of helium gas at
25C. What will be the volume of tank after
heating it and its content to 40C temperature
at constant pressure?
a. 1.4L
b. 2.4L
c. 3.4L
d. 4.4L
16. A certain light bulb containing argon has
a pressure of 1.20atm at 18C. If it will be
heated to 85C at constant volume, what will
be the resulting pressure?
a. 1.48atm
b. 2.48atm
c. 3.48atm
d. 4.48atm
16. A certain light bulb containing argon has
a pressure of 1.20atm at 18C. If it will be
heated to 85C at constant volume, what will
be the resulting pressure?
a. 1.48atm
b. 2.48atm
c. 3.48atm
d. 4.48atm
17. The radius of a path of an object in
uniform circular motion is doubled. The
centripetal force needed if its speed remains
the same is?
a. Four times as before
b. Half as great as before
c. Twice as much
d. Three times as much
17. The radius of a path of an object in
uniform circular motion is doubled. The
centripetal force needed if its speed remains
the same is?
a. Four times as before
b. Half as great as before
c. Twice as much
d. Three times as much
18. Car A has a mass of 1000kg and a speed
of 60km/hr. Car B has a mass of 2000kg and
a speed of 30km/hr. compare the kinetic
energy of car A with that of car B.
a. Half as much
b. Four times as much
c. Equal
d. Twice as much
18. Car A has a mass of 1000kg and a speed
of 60km/hr. Car B has a mass of 2000kg and
a speed of 30km/hr. compare the kinetic
energy of car A with that of car B.
a. Half as much
b. Four times as much
c. Equal
d. Twice as much
19. What would be the horizontal line in a
position-time graph means?
a. Changing position, constant velocity
b. Constant position, constant velocity
c. Changing position, increase velocity
d. Constant position, zero velocity
19. What would be the horizontal line in a
position-time graph means?
a. Changing position, constant velocity
b. Constant position, constant velocity
c. Changing position, increase velocity
d. Constant position, zero velocity
20. What is the car’s acceleration if ten
seconds after the starting from rest; it is
moving at 40m/s.
a. 4.0m/s2
b. 10m/s2
c. 2.5m/s2
d. 0.25m/s2
20. What is the car’s acceleration if ten
seconds after the starting from rest; it is
moving at 40m/s.
a. 4.0m/s2
b. 10m/s2
c. 2.5m/s2
d. 0.25m/s2
21. A heavy object and a light object are
released from the rest at the same height
and time in a vacuum. As they fall, they have
equal;
a. Weights
b. Moments
c. Acceleration
d. Energies
21. A heavy object and a light object are
released from the rest at the same height
and time in a vacuum. As they fall, they have
equal;
a. Weights
b. Moments
c. Acceleration
d. Energies
22. Airplanes are designed with pointed nose
and thin tails in order to;
a. Produce fluid friction
b. Reduce drag
c. Increase the lift of the wing
d. Lessen the forward thrust
22. Airplanes are designed with pointed nose
and thin tails in order to;
a. Produce fluid friction
b. Reduce drag
c. Increase the lift of the wing
d. Lessen the forward thrust
23. A stone was thrown upward from the
roof, at the same time than an identical
stone was dropped from there. The two
stones will;
a. Have the same velocity upon reaching
the ground
b. Take the same time to reach the
ground
c. Have the same acceleration when they
reach the ground
d. Reach the ground at the same time
23. A stone was thrown upward from the
roof, at the same time than an identical
stone was dropped from there. The two
stones will;
a. Have the same velocity upon reaching
the ground
b. Take the same time to reach the
ground
c. Have the same acceleration when
they reach the ground
d. Reach the ground at the same time
24. In a pair of scissors, the fulcrum is
located at the;
a. Handle
b. Screw
c. Tip of the blades
d. Sharp edges
24. In a pair of scissors, the fulcrum is
located at the;
a. Handle
b. Screw
c. Tip of the blades
d. Sharp edges
25. What kind of energy is possessed by
water falling from a dam?
a. Potential
b. Kinetic
c. Accelerating
d. Interacting
25. What kind of energy is possessed by
water falling from a dam?
a. Potential
b. Kinetic
c. Accelerating
d. Interacting
26. If an object were equipped with a
speedometer and allowed to fall freely on a
planet where the acceleration due to gravity
is 20m/s2, by, how much will the reading on
the speedometer increase each second?
a. 30m/s
b. 20m/s
c. 40m/s
d. 10m/s
26. If an object were equipped with a
speedometer and allowed to fall freely on a
planet where the acceleration due to gravity
is 20m/s2, by, how much will the reading on
the speedometer increase each second?
a. 30m/s
b. 20m/s
c. 40m/s
d. 10m/s
27. According to the kinetic molecular theory,
liquids are similar in solids in that;
a. Their molecules are arrange in a
regular manner
b. The motion of their particles changes
with temperature
c. The motion of their particles cannot be
determined
d. There is very little space in their
molecules
27. According to the kinetic molecular theory,
liquids are similar in solids in that;
a. Their molecules are arrange in a
regular manner
b. The motion of their particles
changes with temperature
c. The motion of their particles cannot be
determined
d. There is very little space in their
molecules
28. When the solid block of material is cut in
half, its density;
a. Unchanged
b. Halves
c. Doubled
d. Tripled
28. When the solid block of material is cut in
half, its density;
a. Unchanged
b. Halves
c. Doubled
d. Tripled
29. A ball is launched at an angle of 60
degrees from the horizontal. What do you call
the horizontal distance traveled by the ball?
a. Trajectory
b. Projectile
c. Range
d. Hyperbola
29. A ball is launched at an angle of 60
degrees from the horizontal. What do you call
the horizontal distance traveled by the ball?
a. Trajectory
b. Projectile
c. Range
d. Hyperbola
30. Which of the following is TRUE about an
object thrown horizontally?
a. The vertical distance traveled
increases uniformity
b. The horizontal motion is uniformly
accelerated
c. The horizontal component of velocity
increases
d. The velocity of the subject increases
30. Which of the following is TRUE about an
object thrown horizontally?
a. The vertical distance traveled
increases uniformity
b. The horizontal motion is uniformly
accelerated
c. The horizontal component of velocity
increases
d. The velocity of the subject
increases
31. In the absence of air resistance, a
projectile has a maximum range when
thrown at an angle of;
a. 90 degrees
b. 60 degrees
c. 30 degrees
d. 45 degrees
31. In the absence of air resistance, a
projectile has a maximum range when
thrown at an angle of;
a. 90 degrees
b. 60 degrees
c. 30 degrees
d. 45 degrees
32. A 400 N woman stands on top of a very
tall ladder so she is one earth radius above
the earth’s surface. How much does she
weighs?
a. 100 N
b. Zero
c. 200 N
d. 400 N
32. A 400 N woman stands on top of a very
tall ladder so she is one earth radius above
the earth’s surface. How much does she
weighs?
a. 100 N
b. Zero
c. 200 N
d. 400 N
33. What must be the minimum length of the
plane mirror in order for you to see a full
view of yourself?
a. Your full height
b. One-fourth
c. One-half
d. Three-fourths
33. What must be the minimum length of the
plane mirror in order for you to see a full
view of yourself?
a. Your full height
b. One-fourth
c. One-half
d. Three-fourths
34. A rifle recoils from firing a bullet. The
speed of the recoil is slow because;
a. The force against the rifle is less
b. The rifle has more mass than the
bullet
c. The impulse on the rifle is less
d. The momentum of the rifle is
unchanged
34. A rifle recoils from firing a bullet. The
speed of the recoil is slow because;
a. The force against the rifle is less
b. The rifle has more mass than the
bullet
c. The impulse on the rifle is less
d. The momentum of the rifle is
unchanged
35. Which statements differentiate weight for
mass?
a. Weight is distance from a reference
point
b. Weight has volume, mass has none
c. Weight is full of gravity, mass is space
occupied
d. Weight is a force while mass is
amount of matter
35. Which statements differentiate weight for
mass?
a. Weight is distance from a reference
point
b. Weight has volume, mass has none
c. Weight is full of gravity, mass is space
occupied
d. Weight is a force while mass is
amount of matter
36. Who established the relationship
between the volume of gas and the pressure
when the temperature is constant?
a. Blaise Pascal
b. Robert Boyle
c. Lavoisier
d. Archimedes
36. Who established the relationship
between the volume of gas and the pressure
when the temperature is constant?
a. Blaise Pascal
b. Robert Boyle
c. Lavoisier
d. Archimedes
37. Why is the odor of fried garlic stronger
than that of the crushed garlic?
a. Air carries the odor to the observer.
b. Heat causes molecules of garlic move
faster.
c. Molecules of fresh garlic do not move.
d. Oil used for drying garlic brings out its
odor.
37. Why is the odor of fried garlic stronger
than that of the crushed garlic?
a. Air carries the odor to the observer.
b. Heat causes molecules of garlic
move faster.
c. Molecules of fresh garlic do not move.
d. Oil used for drying garlic brings out its
odor.
38. All of the following situations illustrate
that work is done, EXCEPT _________.
a. Pushing a door.
b. Pulling a school bag.
c. Carrying a chair across a room
d. Lifting a pail of water from the ground
to height of 1 meter
38. All of the following situations illustrate
that work is done, EXCEPT _________.
a. Pushing a door.
b. Pulling a school bag.
c. Carrying a chair across a room
d. Lifting a pail of water from the ground
to height of 1 meter
39. Which of the following observations
proves that there are spaces between the
molecules of a material?
a. Air inside a tire can be compressed
b. A solid has a definite volume and a
definite shape
c. Copper is a good conduct or of
electricity
d. Water exists in nature as solid, liquid
and gas.
39. Which of the following observations
proves that there are spaces between the
molecules of a material?
a. Air inside a tire can be
compressed
b. A solid has a definite volume and a
definite shape
c. Copper is a good conduct or of
electricity
d. Water exists in nature as solid, liquid
and gas.
40. Earthquake occurs most frequently in
Japan and the Philippines . What explanation
can give for this observation?
a. Those countries lie in the Pacific Belt
of Fire
b. Those countries are both surrounded
by water
c. Those countries lie in the Atlantic Belt
of Fire
d. Those countries are both composed of
small islands
40. Earthquake occurs most frequently in
Japan and the Philippines . What explanation
can give for this observation?
a. Those countries lie in the Pacific
Belt of Fire
b. Those countries are both surrounded
by water
c. Those countries lie in the Atlantic Belt
of Fire
d. Those countries are both composed of
small islands
41. Scientists think that the reason the plates
move is because of:
a. The ocean waves push them
b. The gravity of the Sun
c. The convection currents in the
mantle
d. The subduction process in the mantle
41. Scientists think that the reason the plates
move is because of:
a. The ocean waves push them
b. The gravity of the Sun
c. The convection currents in the
mantle
d. The subduction process in the mantle
42. Which of the following is not a type of
plate boundary?
A. Convergent
B. Transform
C. Normal
D. Divergent
42. Which of the following is not a type of
plate boundary?
A. Convergent
B. Transform
C. Normal
D. Divergent
43. What heats up the mantle?
A. The Sun
B. The Core
C. The Lithosphere
D. The Hydrosphere
43. What heats up the mantle?
A. The Sun
B. The Core
C. The Lithosphere
D. The Hydrosphere
44. When plates push together they cause
A. Ocean basins
B. Mountains
C. River Valleys
D. Glaciers
44. When plates push together they cause
A. Ocean basins
B. Mountains
C. River Valleys
D. Glaciers
45. When plates pull apart they cause
A. Ocean basins
B. Mountains
C. River Valleys
D. Glaciers
46. When plates slide past each other they
cause
A. Ocean basins
B. Earthquakes
C. River Valleys
D. Glaciers
46. When plates slide past each other they
cause
A. Ocean basins
B. Earthquakes
C. River Valleys
D. Glaciers
47. When plates slide past each other they
cause to crack form in the earth. This crack
is called a:
A. Volcano
B. Mountain
C. River Valley
D. Fault
47. When plates slide past each other they
cause to crack form in the earth. This crack
is called a:
A. Volcano
B. Mountain
C. River Valley
D. Fault
48. The only place you can see the Mid-
Atlantic Ridge on land is:
A. The Himalayan Mountains
B. The Andes Mountains
C. Iceland
D. The San Andreas Fault
48. The only place you can see the Mid-
Atlantic Ridge on land is:
A. The Himalayan Mountains
B. The Andes Mountains
C. Iceland
D. The San Andreas Fault
49. The core’s temperature is
a. very hot
b. medium hot
c. warm
d. cool
49. The core’s temperature is
a. very hot
b. medium hot
c. warm
d. cool
50. The crust and the upper layer of the
mantle combine to make the:
a. outer core
b. asthenosphere
c. mantle
d. lithosphere
50. The crust and the upper layer of the
mantle combine to make the:
a. outer core
b. asthenosphere
c. mantle
d. lithosphere
